Notes

Urates reducing improves blood insulin level of responsiveness and brings down blood pressure levels: any meta-analysis regarding randomized parallel-controlled clinical trials.
Coleoptera is a mega-diverse order, but only about 1% of its species have been analyzed cytogenetically. In this order, the subfamily Alticinae presents many identification problems, mainly due to the occurrence of mimicry. The objective of this work was to cytogenetically characterize 3 very similar species of the genus Alagoasa (A. pantina, A.areata, and A.scissa). We used classical and molecular cytogenetic as well as molecular genetic techniques. All 3 species showed a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 22 (20+X+y), but differences in the morphology of the chromosomes. All had a meiotic formula of 2n = 10II+X+y and an X+y sex determination system with giant, fully asynaptic sex chromosomes, concordant characteristics observed in the subtribe Oedionychina. FISH demonstrated the presence of 18S and 5S rDNA clusters in 1 pair of autosomes, syntenic and colocalizing in the 3 analyzed species. However, in A. areata, heteromorphism between the cistrons was observed. The telomeric (TTAGG)n probe showed signals in all 3 species, with proximal signals in the X and dispersed signals in the y chromosome of A. areata, and 2 proximal signals in the X chromosome of A. scissa. Molecular analysis of the COI gene indicated that they are 3 distinct species, corroborating the observed cytogenetic characteristics. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.Statins are the most widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Statin-induced myopathy is the major side effect of this class of drugs. Here, we studied whether standardized leaf extracts of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) would improve simvastatin (SIM)-induced muscle changes. Sixty Wistar rats were allotted into six groups control group, vehicle group receiving 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for 30 days, SIM group receiving 80 mg/kg/day SIM in 0.5% CMC orally for 30 days, SIM withdrawal group treated with SIM for 16 days and sacrificed 14 days later, and EGb761-100 and EGb761-200 groups posttreated with either 100 or 200 mg/kg/day EGb761 orally. Muscle performance on the rotarod, serum creatine kinase (CK), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), serum and muscle nitrite, muscle malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were estimated. Additionally, muscle samples were processed for histopathological evaluation. We found that SIM decreased muriod studied. Our results suggest that EGb761 posttreatment reversed SIM-induces muscle changes possibly through its antioxidant effects, elevation of CoQ10 levels, and antagonizing mitochondrial damage. © 2020 S. Terephthalic Karger AG, Basel.CA3-CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal slices from juvenile Wistar rats was studied to reveal factors potentially contributing to different sensitivity to neonatal proinflammatory stress (NPS). NPS was induced by intra-peritoneal injections of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to neonatal rats (two injections of LPS, or saline in the control group, consecutively on postnatal days 3 and 5 [PND3 and PND5]). In females, a significant effect of NPS on hippocampus development was associated with modifications of long-term synaptic plasticity, the synapses becoming more resistant to LTP induction. LTP deficit in the slices of the NPS group was not associated with a decrease in LTP maintenance, since late LTP generally corresponded to early LTP magnitude, similar in all groups. Moreover, partial correlation revealed significantly higher residual LTP 1 h after high-frequency stimulation in the NPS groups compared to the corresponding value of early LTP in the control groups, suggesting improved consolidation. Both effects were evident in NPS females. A number of males responded to NPS similarly to females, while others were relatively resistant to NPS exposure, a significant increase in variability of LTP magnitude being revealed in NPS males compared to respective females and the control groups. We suggest that postnatal development of long-term plasticity after NPS is similar in animals of both sexes; however, additional specific factor(s) may promote a relative resistance of the male brain. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.Motor imagery-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) use an individual's ability to volitionally modulate localized brain activity as a therapy or to probe relations between brain activity and behavior. However, many individuals cannot learn to successfully modulate their brain activity, greatly limiting the efficacy of BCIs. Experiments designed to probe the nature of BCI learning suggest that activity across functionally diverse cognitive systems is a hallmark of learning. However, little is known about how these networks interact through time to support learning. Here, we address this gap in knowledge by constructing and applying a multimodal network approach to decipher brain-behavior relations in BCI learning using magnetoencephalography. We employ a minimally constrained matrix decomposition method - non-negative matrix factorization - to simultaneously identify regularized, covarying subgraphs of functional connectivity, to assess their similarity to task performance, and to detect their time-varying expheoretical support to the hypothesis that these identified subgraphs are well suited to modulate attention. Creative Commons Attribution license.Based on first-principles calculations, we studied the various possible edge structures in zigzag 1T'-MoS₂ and 1T'-WTe₂ nanoribbons. By the binding energy analysis, there are stable chalcogen S- and Te-terminated edge structures for 1T'-MoS₂ and 1T'-WTe₂ nanoribbons, respectively. Unlike 1T'-MoS₂ nanoribbons, where little edge reconstruction can be found, 1T'-WTe₂ nanoribbons suffer larger edge reconstruction. Moreover, the new edges of 1T'-WTe₂ can be magnetized due to the spontaneous strain effect in narrow nanoribbons. Interestingly, there are quantum-well-like states near Fermi level in both 1T'-MoS₂ and 1T'-WTe₂ nanoribbons. Our calculations may promote the experimental research for the edge structures and the application of 1T'-dichalcogenide nanoribbons in nanodevices. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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