Notes

Cardiorespiratory replies to exercise linked to post-stroke fatigue intensity.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This study investigated the relationship between depression, family function, physical symptoms, and illness uncertainty in women with chronic kidney disease. Data were collected through structured questionnaire that was completed by 120 women undergoing hemodialysis. Assessment instruments consisted of the Family Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve Scale, Symptom Experience Scale, Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale. The higher the uncertainty about illness and physical symptoms, the higher is the level of depression, and the better the family function, the lower is the level of depression. Greater uncertainty was associated with poorer family function and worsening physical symptoms. A regression model explained 41% of the variance in depression. Significant predictors of depression were physical symptoms, living alone, illness uncertainty, and "poor" subjective health status. To improve depression of women with chronic kidney disease, nurses need to reduce physical symptoms and illness uncertainty in these patients and improve their subjective health status. In addition, the establishment of a therapeutic support system considering living arrangement will help to reduce depression in women with chronic kidney disease. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.Objective Despite increased research into how caring for a child diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) affects mothers, more needs to be known about ways in which such experiences transform their lives. Insight into the experiences of such mothers was sought through analysis of interviews with eight mothers and one father caring for a child with JIA. Design The study is situated within a larger project involving families with a child with JIA. A social constructionist approach was adopted and grounded theory including a 'negative case,' guided gathering and analysing data. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted based on the research question 'What is it like to be the mother of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis?' Results Findings suggest that mothers find difficulty living up to the 'ideal mother' expected within Western society when forced to provide competing demands of age-related, yet illness-relevant care. The unpredictable nature of JIA means mothers face a lack of uldren. What does the study add? Potentially gendered position of mothers of children with chronic conditions. Taken for granted assumptions implicitly underpin interactions between mothers and some professionals. Greater partnership between mothers and professionals ultimately improves the care of the ill child. © 2020 The British Psychological Society.Production of a thermostable pullulanase by DO-stat fed-batch fermentation of recombinant Escherichia coli BL 21 was investigated in a 5 L of fermentor. The effect of three oxygen control strategies, glucose feedback, shifting fermentor pressure, and adding oxygen-enriched air, on cell growth and pullulanase expression were examined. The oxygen-transfer capacity was found to be enhanced with increasing fermentor pressure and oxygen ratio in oxygen-enriched air, but the cell growth and pullulanase production were restrained under high fermentor pressure. The highest cell density and pullulanase activity reached 55.1 g/L and 412 U/mL, respectively, in the case by adding oxygen-enriched air, which was suggested as an effective approach to enhance both cell growth and pullulanase production. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This thermostable pullulanase displayed optimal activity at 90°C and pH 5.4, which could be applied for one-step saccharification of starch biomass. The optimization of the DO-stat fed-batch fermentation in high cell density level would provide a research basis for its industrialization. read more © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Measurements of water consumed by fed healthy horses might not apply to horses that are unwilling or unable to drink or are not fed for any reason. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of feed deprivation on voluntary water consumption compared with fed conditions. STUDY DESIGN In vivo experiment. METHODS Eight healthy adult Thoroughbred geldings were used in a randomised crossover design so that each horse served as its own control for fed vs feed-deprived conditions. Water intake, bodyweight, physical findings and vital signs were measured during 4 days of feeding and 4 days of feed deprivation. Daily measurements during the trial periods were PCV, TPP, electrolytes, osmolality and triglycerides. Plasma and extracellular fluid volumes were measured in the last 8 hours of the trial periods. Data were analysed with a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures, and statistical significance was P ≤ .05. RESULTS Feed deprivation immediately and persistently reduced water consumption to ~16% of fed values, with laboratory evidence of mild dehydration on day 4. MAIN LIMITATIONS Changes in total body water and in water and electrolyte excretion or conservation through faeces and urine were not measured. CONCLUSIONS Feed consumption has a marked effect on water requirements in healthy horses. Because current guidelines for water needs were obtained in the fed state, they might not apply to horses that are denied feed for any reason or have reduced feed intake. This study provides new information on water consumption in horses that should apply to this essential nutrient in health and disease. © 2020 EVJ Ltd.Development of nanoparticle based biomedical applications has been hampered due to undesired off-target effects. Here we outline a set of cellular AND gate concepts to enhance selectivity, where a nanoassembly-cell interaction is turned on, only in the concurrent presence of a two different protein functions, an enzymatic reaction (ALP) and a ligand-protein (CA IX) binding event. Selective uptake of nanoassemblies was observed in cells that overexpress both of these proteins (unicellular AND gate). Interestingly, selective uptake can also be achieved in CA IX overexpressed cells, when cocultured with ALP overexpressed cells, where the nanoassembly presumably acts as a mediator for cell-cell communication (bicellular AND gate). Demonstration of these logic-gated cellular uptake will find use in applications such as tumor imaging or theranostics. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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