Notes

Gestational diabetes lowered umbilical wire blood vessels polyunsaturated fatty acids: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Taken together, our results indicated that lncRNA-MEG3 participated in the inflammatory responses and apoptosis in HPS-infected PAMs through modulating the miR-210/TLR4 axis. The results from this investigation provided significant information for a novel target to control HPS infection in swine.Insects harbor bacteria that are a rich source of enzymes that can be utilized for various industrial and biotechnological applications. It is predicted that during evolution these detoxifying enzymes have been acquired by insects through bacteria. However, the role of host insect detoxification enzymes has already been extensively studied but only a few resistance development studies have been focused on the enzymes derived from gut bacteria. Thus in this study, two bacterial isolates were found in the gut of Chironomous circumdatus larvae having esterase activity, out of which one bacterium was molecular characterized and it was found to be Enterobacter mori designated as strain BI1245. Further, crude extract from the bacterium was characterized and it was observed that it showed maximum activity at pH 8 and temperature 60 °C. Moreover, the crude extract showed 0.26 mM and 290 U/mg of protein as Km and Vmax value when p-nitrophenyl acetate was used as a substrate. Thereafter, the bacterial isolate was incubated in minimal salts medium containing modified phthalates and it was found that bacterium could utilize shorter alkyl-chain phthalic acid esters faster as compared to long alkyl chains thereby indicating that side chain of the substrates has a significant effect on the utilization of phthalic acid esters. Thus the gut flora present in insects may play an important role in providing resistance to the host to live in phthalate polluted water.
The purpose of our study was to perform a comparative analysis of the examination and treatment outcomes of children with cylindrical and button batteries (BB) ingestion depending on their size and anatomical locations.

This study was a retrospective analysis of 124 children aged from 1month to 18years who ingested batteries and were treated in a tertiary care center from January 1, 2014 to March 31, 2019. The data studied included age, sex, presenting symptoms at the time of evaluation, type and size of battery and modality of management.

Twenty-three (18.5%) patients ingested cylindrical batteries (CBs), and 101 (81.5%) ingested BBs. The duration of hospital stay was significantly longer (p = 0.004) in the group of children who ingested BBs larger than 20mm. Endoscopic removal was performed in 75 (60.5%) children, 46 (37.1%) were followed up and three (2.4%) underwent open surgeries. Children with CBs ingestion, in 55% of cases, had gastric mucosal injuries. Children with BBs impacted in the esophagus endoscopic extraction is the treatment of choice for children with BB ingestion.Chronic and systemic bone complications frequently occur in patients who undergo radiotherapy; however, the pathological mechanisms underlying these complications remain unclear. This study aimed to observe persistent and systemic changes in locally irradiated rats and to determine the systemic pathological changes that persistently affect bone metabolism. We examined the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses that occurred after local irradiation using enzyme immunoassays and biochemical analyses. Lymphocytes obtained from the blood, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow were evaluated using flow cytometry. The proliferation and apoptosis characteristics of co-cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were detected by MTT assay and PI/Annexin V-FITC staining, respectively, and the differentiation of BMSCs was measured according to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining, and Oil Red O staining and by evaluating the mRNA expression of ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OP Lymphocyte levels contribute to chronic and systemic bone complications after radiotherapy by inhibiting the proliferation and osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs.
There is paucity of data on tuberculosis in Indian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We retrospectively studied clinical features and outcome of tuberculosis in SLE.

Medical records of patients who developed tuberculosis simultaneous or after the diagnosis of SLE were retrospectively reviewed. All patients fulfilled 1997 ACR and/or SLICC 2012 classification criteria for SLE. A diagnosis of tuberculosis required bacteriological, histopathological or CT/MRI suggestive of tuberculosis and initiation of four drug antituberculous therapy. Baseline parameters were compared with the rest of cohort to identify predictors of tuberculosis.

In our cohort of 1335 SLE patients, 48 (3.6%) developed tuberculosis. Incidence of tuberculosis was calculated to be 733 per 100,000 patient years and occurred after a mean disease duration of 3.0 ± 4.1 years. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (n = 37) was commoner than pulmonary tuberculosis (n =11). Most common radiological pattern in pulmonary tuberculosis was miliary and musculoskeletal TB was most common extrapulmonary TB. A microbiological diagnosis was obtained in 52.1% patients. Male gender was associated with higher risk of tuberculosis [OR 3.30 (1.55-7.05)]. Mortality was 14.5% and all patients who died had either disseminated (n = 5) or central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (n = 2).

Incidence of tuberculosis in SLE is higher than general population and is associated with different phenotype and higher mortality. Male gender was associated with increased risk of tuberculosis in SLE.
Incidence of tuberculosis in SLE is higher than general population and is associated with different phenotype and higher mortality. Male gender was associated with increased risk of tuberculosis in SLE.To study retention of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or apremilast and potential predictors of lack of response in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). find more A single-center retrospective analysis of PsA patients who received  ≥  1 bDMARD or apremilast during 2000-2018. The main endpoint was lack of response (primary or secondary failure). Analyses included retention of DMARDs (Kaplan-Meier curves) and potential predictors of lack of response (bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models). A total of 159 patients with PsA received up to 8 DMARDs etanercept (34%), adalimumab (30%), infliximab (9%), golimumab (9%), apremilast (7%), ustekinumab (5%), certolizumab (4%), and secukinumab (2%). Therapy was discontinued in 96 cases (60%), mainly owing to secondary failure (37%), followed by primary failure (25%) and adverse effects (24%). Retention was analyzed based on 313 units of analysis. Duration of follow-up was 846.1 treatment-years (maximum 14.8 years, median 2.75 years). A total of 172 DMARDs were discontinued. The probability of continuing the initial treatment was 37% at 5 years, 22% at 10 years, and 12% at 14 years. The longest medium retention time was observed for infliximab (6.2 years) and etanercept (4.5 years). Predictors of lack of response included male sex, number of swollen joints, and, especially, depression (OR  =  35.2). The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 86.4% and 85.7%, respectively, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 45.6 (ROC, 0.912). Rates of discontinuation due to primary and secondary failure are high in PsA. Retention is better for anti-TNF agents than for other agents.About 50% of all critically ill patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) and approximately 15% receive renal replacement therapy (RRT). Although RRT is frequently used in intensive care units in Germany, it is currently unknown which RRT procedures are available, which qualification the involved staff has, which anticoagulation strategies are used and how RRT doses are prescribed. To investigate quality and structural characteristics of the performance of RRT in intensive care units throughout Germany, the German Interdisciplinary Society of Intensivists (Deutsche Interdisziplinäre Vereinigung für Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin [DIVI]) performed an inquiry among their members. A total of 897 members participated in the survey in which practical aspects were queried. In 69.1% of the cases, RRT was performed in hospitals with more than 400 beds and in 74.5% in university hospitals or other primary care hospitals. Furthermore, 93.3% of clinics are equipped with continuous and 75.8% with intermittent renal replacement devices. In 91.9%, indication for initiation of RRT was performed by trained physicians specialized in intensive care medicine or nephrologists. Intermittent as well as continuous modalities are both present in three-quarters of cases, which allows for individualized therapy. However, the documentation of dialysis dose needs to be improved.Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is established as an integral part of intensive care therapy for respiratory insufficiency. However, it is associated with restrictions on patient autonomy and comfort. A successful course of therapy is largely dependent on the acceptance and adherence of the patients concerned. Intensive care nurses can have a significant influence on the success of the therapy by dealing with the subjective experience of the patients and by maintaining close contact with them. The prerequisite for this is profound knowledge of the different technical aspects of therapy and equipment as well as positive and negative factors influencing NIV tolerance in order to be able to offer and implement an individual intervention.
Surgeons with higher medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) usage have lower UKA revision rates. However, an increase in UKA usage may cause a decrease of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) usage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of UKA usage on revision rates and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) of UKA, TKA, and combined UKA + TKA results.

Using the New Zealand Registry Database, surgeons were divided into six groups based on their medial UKA usage < 1%, 1-5%, 5-10%, 10-20%, 20-30% and > 30%. A comparison of UKA, TKA and UKA + TKA revision rates and PROMs using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) was performed.

A total of 91,895 knee arthroplasties were identified, of which 8,271 were UKA (9.0%). Surgeons with higher UKA usage had lower UKA revision rates, but higher TKA revision rates. The lowest TKA and combined UKA + TKA revision rates were observed for surgeons performing 1-5% UKA, compared to the highest TKA and UKA + TKA revision rates which were seen for surgeons using > 30% UKA (p < 0.001 TKA; p < 0.001 UKA + TKA). No clinically important differences in UKA + TKA OKS scores were seen between UKA usage groups at 6months, 5years, or 10years.

Surgeons with higher medial UKA usage have lower UKA revision rates; however, this comes at the cost of a higher combined UKA + TKA revision rate that is proportionate to the UKA usage. There was no difference in TKA + UKA OKS scores between UKA usage groups. A small increase in TKA revision rate was observed for high-volume UKA users (> 30%), when compared to other UKA usage clusters. A significant decrease in UKA revision rate observed in high-volume UKA surgeons offsets the slight increase in TKA revision rate, suggesting that UKA should be performed by specialist UKA surgeons.

III, Retrospective therapeutic study.
III, Retrospective therapeutic study.
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