Notes

Seclusion involving Human Neutrophils coming from Entire Body and Buffy Coats.
The application of [
F]FDG PET/CT in predicting histologic response to induction chemotherapy in patients with Ewing sarcoma (EWS) has been proposed using the values of pre-post treatment SUV
as a referral parameter, although with heterogeneous results. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [
F]FDG PET/CT volumetric parameters (metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG)) as compared to SUV
to predict response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome in patients with localised EWS of bone and soft-tissue.

Twenty-eight patients with non-metastatic EWS of bone (n = 20) and soft tissues (n = 8) who underwent a [
F]FDG PET/CT scan before (PET
) and after induction chemotherapy (PET
) were enclosed in the analysis. Values of PET metrics (SUV
, MTV, TLG) at diagnosis and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy as well as the percentage change between PET
and PET
(ΔSUV, ΔMTV and ΔTLG) were correlated to histological response and to progression-free su high risk of disease relapse.
• The variation of the PET parameter tumour lesion glycolysis (TLG) can predict the histologic response to induction chemotherapy (sensitivity 100%, specificity 77.8%), in patients with Ewing sarcoma. • The percentage variation of TLG and the value of the SUVmax at PET scan after chemotherapy show a prognostic role for future disease relapse. Apoptosis inhibitor The combination of both the parameters identifies three prognostic classes of patients with low, intermediate and high risk of disease relapse.
To estimate the prevalence of acetabular rim ossifications in the adult population with asymptomatic, morphologically normal hips at CT and to determine whether the presence of these ossifications is associated with patient- or hip-related parameters.

We prospectively included all patients undergoing thoracoabdominal CT over a 3-month period. After exclusion of patients with a clinical history of hip pathology and/or with signs of osteoarthritis on CT, we included a total of 150 hips from 75 patients. We analyzed the presence and the size of ossifications around the acetabular rim. The relationships between the size of acetabular rim ossifications and patient-related (sex, age, BMI) or hip-related parameters (joint space width, and cam- and pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement morphology) were tested using multiple regression analysis.

The prevalence of acetabular rim ossifications in this population of asymptomatic, non-osteoarthritic hips was 96% (95% CI = [80.1; 100.0]). The presence of ossificatt hips at all ages and should not be interpreted as a pathological finding. • The diagnosis of osteoarthritis or femoroacetabular impingement morphology should not be made based on the sole presence of ossifications at the acetabular rim.
• Acetabular rim ossifications are extremely common in asymptomatic, non-osteoarthritic adult hips. • Acetabular rim ossifications are present independently from other signs of osteoarthritis in adult hips at all ages and should not be interpreted as a pathological finding. • The diagnosis of osteoarthritis or femoroacetabular impingement morphology should not be made based on the sole presence of ossifications at the acetabular rim.
To compare the efficacy and safety of high dose-intensity combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin (HD MVAC) with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or locally advanced upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC).

A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients with UC (cT2-4aN0-1M0) who received NAC from January 2011 and December 2017 at Asan Medical Center. Pathologic complete response (pCR), down-staging (< ypT2 and no N upstaging), disease-free survival (DFS), OS and safety were compared for each regimen.

Out of a total of 277 patients, 176 patients received GC and 41 patients received HD MVAC. With the exception of age (patients receiving HD MVAC were younger; p = 0.002), other baseline characteristics were well balanced between groups. pCR rates were 27.0% for GC and 22.6% for HD MVAC (p = 0.62), and down-staging rate was 50.8% for GC and 58.1% for HD MVAC (p = 0.47). There were no differences in OS (72.1% vs 73.1% for GC vs HD MVAC; p = 0.58) and DFS (54.9% vs 63.3% for GC vs HD MVAC; p = 0.21) at 3years. HD MVAC with prophylactic G-CSF was associated with a higher incidence of febrile neutropenia (p < 0.001) than GC. The NAC regimen was not an independent prognostic factor for OS.

Oncologic outcomes were not significantly different between the GC and HD MVAC when used as NAC in MIBC/UTUC.
Oncologic outcomes were not significantly different between the GC and HD MVAC when used as NAC in MIBC/UTUC.
There are still controversial data regarding the prognostic value of Venous ThromboEmbolism (VTE) in advanced Pancreatic Ductal AdenoCarcinoma (PDAC) and thromboprophylaxis is poorly prescribed despite international recommendations.

Medical charts of patients consecutively treated for advanced PDAC from 2010 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. link2 Prognostic Factors were identified using a multivariate Cox's proportional hazard model. Early VTE was defined as VTE occurring within the three months following the PDAC diagnosis.

A total of 174 patients were included (median age 67years; males 55.2%; performance status (PS) 0-1 88.5%) with metastatic disease in 74.7%. At baseline, Khorana score was high (≥ 3) in the vast majority of cases (93.7%). The cumulative incidences of VTE were 12.4% (95% CI 7.3-17.2) at 3months, 20.4% (95% CI 13.9-26.4) at 6months and 28.1% (95% CI 20.0-35.3) at 12months. Patients who experienced early VTE had shorter PFS (3.8months vs. 7.1months; HR = 2.02; 95% CI 1.21-3.37; p = 0.006) and shorter OS (8.0months vs. 14.1months; HR = 2.42; 95% CI 1.37-4.30; p = 0.002) compared to the others, independently of prognostic factors such as PS, liver metastases, carcinomatosis, and chemotherapy regimen.

early VTE is a strong prognostic factor in advanced PDAC and occurs in about one in 10 patients.
early VTE is a strong prognostic factor in advanced PDAC and occurs in about one in 10 patients.
While SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex alterations occur in approximately 20% of cancer, the frequency and potential impact on clinical outcomes in meningiomas remains to be comprehensively elucidated.

A large series of 255 meningiomas from a single institution that was enriched for high grade and recurrent lesions was identified. We performed next-generation targeted sequencing of known meningioma driver genes, including NF2, AKT1, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, and SMO and SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex genes, including ARID1A, SMARCA4, and SMARCB1 in all samples. Clinical correlates focused on clinical presentation and patient outcomes are presented.

The series included 63 grade I meningiomas and 192 high-grade meningiomas, including 173 WHO grade II and 19 WHO grade III. Samples from recurrent surgeries comprised 37.3% of the series. A total of 41.6% meningiomas were from the skull base. NF2, AKT1, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, and SMO were mutated in 40.8, 7.1, 3.5, 3.9, and 2.4% of samples, respectively. ARID1A, SMARCA4, and SMARCB1 mutations were observed in 17.3, 3.5, and 5.1% of samples, respectively. A total of 68.2% of ARID1A-mutant meningiomas harbored a p.Gln1327del in-frame deletion. link3 ARID1A mutations were seen in 19.1% of Grade I, 16.8% of Grade II, and 15.8% of Grade III meningiomas (P = 0.9, Fisher's exact). Median overall survival was 16.3years (95% CI 10.9, 16.8). With multivariable analysis, the presence of an ARID1A mutation was significantly associated with a 7.421-fold increased hazard of death (P = 0.04).

ARID1A mutations occur with similar frequency between low and high-grade meningiomas, but ARID1A mutations are independently prognostic of worse prognosis beyond clinical and histopathologic features.
ARID1A mutations occur with similar frequency between low and high-grade meningiomas, but ARID1A mutations are independently prognostic of worse prognosis beyond clinical and histopathologic features.
The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet have several components like high amounts of fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, and vitamin C and low amounts of simple sugars that might improve attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. We aimed to investigate the effect of a DASH diet on children (aged 6-12years) with ADHD, for the first time.

Participants were randomized to receive a DASH or a control diet for 12weeks. The severity of ADHD symptoms [determined by abbreviated 10-item Conner's scale (ACS), 18-item Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP-IV) scale and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ)] were assessed every four weeks.

Eighty children completed the study. After adjustment for confounders, parent (- 4.71 for the DASH group vs. - 3 for the control group) and teacher-reported (- 5.35 vs. - 1.87) ACS scores, parent-, teacher-, child-reported hyperactivity (- 1.40 vs. - 0.66, - 1.95 vs. -0.63, - 1.60 vs. - 0.43, respectively), emotional symptoms (- 1.50 vs. s are needed to warrant current findings (The trial registration code IRCT20130223012571N6; http//irct.ir/trial/12623 ). Trial registration Trial registration number The trial was registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (registration code IRCT20130223012571N6), URL http//irct.ir/trial/12623 .This study aimed to determine the effects of 8 weeks of an administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus plantarum combined with exercise training on neurotoxicity of Aβ, spatial learning, acetylcholine (ACH), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in Alzheimer rats. Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 5 in each) (1) healthy control (control), (2) Alzheimer disease (AD), (3) AD with treadmill exercise (AD + Exe), (4) AD with probiotic (combined administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus plantarum) treatment (AD + Pro), and (5) AD with treadmill exercise and probiotic treatment (AD + Exe + Pro). AD was induced by intra-cerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42 peptide. Then, the training groups exercised on treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days per weeks. The rats were treated daily with probiotic supplements via gavage for 8 weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was administered to measure spatial learning. Then, the animals were sacrificed and Vegf anbacillus plantarum combined with exercise training can improve spatial learning impairment in the AD rats. Exercise and probiotics seem to offer potential benefits to AD patients by upregulating ACH.
With the emergence of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, institutions were tasked with developing individualized pre-procedural testing strategies that allowed for re-initiation of elective procedures within national and state guidelines. This report describes the experience of a single US children's hospital (Children's Wisconsin, CW) in developing a universal pre-procedural COVID-19 testing protocol and reports early outcomes.

The CW pre-procedural COVID-19 response began with the creation of a multi-disciplinary taskforce that sought to develop a strategy for universal pre-procedural COVID-19 testing which (1) maximized patient safety, (2) prevented in-hospital viral transmission, (3) conserved resources, and (4) allowed for resumption of procedural care within institutional capacity.

Of 11,209 general anesthetics performed at CW from March 16, 2020 to October 31, 2020, 11,150 patients (99.5%) underwent pre-procedural COVID-19 testing. Overall, 1.4% of pre-procedural patients tested positive for COVID-19.
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