Notes

The application valuation on informatization-based prolonged nursing jobs care upon cleared children with leukemia.
CT02020759, https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02020759?term=erdoes&rank=1.
The present study compared the clinical outcomes between minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and median sternotomy (MS) in patients with native mitral valve infective endocarditis.

From 2009 to 2019, a total of 154 patients with acute (n = 131, 85%) or subacute (n = 23, 15%) native mitral valve infective endocarditis were included in the study. One-to-one nearest neighbour propensity score matching considering endocarditis severity using the dedicated De Feo score and 19 other clinically relevant baseline variables resulted in a population of 39 matched pairs. The matched cohort was investigated regarding operative and postoperative outcomes.

Both groups showed similar results regarding cardiopulmonary bypass time [MIS 96 min (77-138), MS 99 min (88-127); P = 0.780] and aortic cross-clamp time [MIS 64 min (54-90), MS 65 min (59-83); P = 0.563], whereas overall operative time was shorter through minimally invasive access [MIS 138 min (112-196), MS 187 min (175-230); P = 0.005]. Although the rate of revision for bleeding was similar in both groups [MIS 12.8% (n = 5), MS 10.3% (n = 4); P = 1.000], MIS was associated with fewer red blood cell unit transfusions [MIS 1 unit (0-4), MS 4 units (2-10); P = 0.001] and fewer fresh frozen plasma unit transfusions [MIS 0 units (0-0), MS 1 unit (0-5); P = 0.002]. MIS was associated with a shorter ventilation time [MIS 708 min (429-1236), MS 1440 min (659-4411); P = 0.024] and a lower rate of reintubation after extubation [MIS 5.1% (n = 2), MS 25.6% (n = 10); P = 0.021].

In patients suffering from native mitral valve infective endocarditis, MIS provides significant clinical benefits over sternotomy in selected patients.

117, 121.
117, 121.
Since percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) was introduced to prolong the lifetime of surgically placed right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduits, valve technology has evolved and the indications for PPVI expanded to native and larger right ventricular outflow tracts. We explore how indications, patient populations and outcomes compare to surgical pulmonary valve replacement (PVR).

This is a retrospective cohort study of PPVI and PVR procedures between 1998 and 2020 at a single UK centre. One hundred and twenty-eight patients underwent PPVI and 365 patients PVR. Primary outcome measures were survival, infective endocarditis and reintervention.

The most common indication for PVR was replacement of the native pulmonary valve for pulmonary regurgitation whereas PPVI was more commonly used to treat pulmonary stenosis in a previously placed bioprosthetic conduit or valve. Treatment indications for PPVI expanded over the study to include the native right ventricular outflow tract. Survival was similar for PPVI and PVR (92% PPVI and 96.8% PVR at 5 years; 85.8% PPVI and 95.1% PVR at 10 years). Preprocedural New York Heart Association class 3 and 4 was the most important predictor of poor outcome. Annualized infective endocarditis rate was significantly higher for the Melody PPVI (0.024 vs 0.0024/person/year for PVR, P < 0.05). Both groups showed significant symptomatic improvement postprocedure with remodelling of ventricular volumes and improvement in cardiac output. Long-term follow-up for PVR showed half of patients will need replacement at 10-15 years post-index procedure.

An increasing number of patients requiring PVR can now be treated percutaneously. A lifetime strategy for re-valving should be considered at the first valve implant.
An increasing number of patients requiring PVR can now be treated percutaneously. A lifetime strategy for re-valving should be considered at the first valve implant.
We present ksrates, a user-friendly command-line tool to position ancient whole-genome duplication (WGD) events with respect to speciation events in a phylogeny by comparing paralog and ortholog KS distributions derived from genomic or transcriptomic sequences, while adjusting for substitution rate differences among the lineages involved.

ksrates is implemented in Python 3 and as a Nextflow pipeline. NX-2127 The source code, Singularity and Docker containers, documentation and tutorial are available via https//github.com/VIB-PSB/ksrates.

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a complication of pregnancy that reduces birth weight, markedly increases infant mortality and morbidity and is associated with later-life cardiometabolic disease. No specific treatment is available for FGR. Placentas of human FGR infants have low abundance of sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (Slc38a2/SNAT2), which supplies the fetus with amino acids required for growth. We determined the mechanistic role of placental Slc38a2/SNAT2 deficiency in the development of restricted fetal growth, hypothesizing that placenta-specific Slc38a2 knockdown causes FGR in mice. Using lentiviral transduction of blastocysts with a small hairpin RNA (shRNA), we achieved 59% knockdown of placental Slc38a2, without altering fetal Slc38a2 expression. Placenta-specific Slc38a2 knockdown reduced near-term fetal and placental weight, fetal viability, trophoblast plasma membrane (TPM) SNAT2 protein abundance, and both absolute and weight-specific placental uptake of the amino acid transport System A tracer, 14C-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB). We also measured human placental SLC38A2 gene expression in a well-defined term clinical cohort and found that SLC38A2 expression was decreased in late-onset, but not early-onset FGR, compared with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) control placentas. The results demonstrate that low placental Slc38a2/SNAT2 causes FGR and could be a target for clinical therapies for late-onset FGR.
Dupilumab subcutaneous injection is approved for treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in adolescents, but there has been too little research on an efficacious systemic oral treatment with a favorable benefit-risk profile for adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of oral abrocitinib plus topical therapy in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD.

The phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study JADE TEEN was conducted in countries of the Asia-Pacific region, Europe, and North America in patients aged 12 to 17 years with moderate-to-severe AD and an inadequate response to 4 consecutive weeks or longer of topical medication or a need for systemic therapy for AD. The study was conducted between February 18, 2019, and April 8, 2020. The data were analyzed after study completion.

Patients were randomly assigned 111 to receive once-daily oral abrocitinib, 200 mg or 100 mg, or placebo for 12 weeks in combination with topical therapy.

Copri 54 (56.8%), and 50 (52.1%) patients in the 200 mg, 100 mg, and placebo groups, respectively; nausea was more common with abrocitinib, 200 mg (17 [18.1%]) and 100 mg (7 [7.4%]). Herpes-related AEs were infrequent; 1 (1.1%), 0, and 2 (2.1%) patients had serious AEs.

This randomized clinical trial found that oral abrocitinib combined with topical therapy was significantly more effective than placebo with topical therapy in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD, with an acceptable safety profile.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03796676.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03796676.
Gypsum drylands are widespread worldwide. In these arid ecosystems, different species ability to access different water sources during drought is a key determining factor of the composition of plant communities. Gypsum crystallization water could be a relevant source of water for shallow rooted plants, but the segregation in the use of this source of water among plants remains unexplored. We analyzed the principal water sources used by 20 species living in a gypsum hilltop, the effect of rooting depth and gypsum affinity, and the interaction of the plants with the soil beneath them.

We characterized water stable isotope composition, δ 2H and δ 18O, of plant xylem water and related it with the free and gypsum crystallization water extracted from different depths along the soil profile and the groundwater, both in spring and summer. Bayesian isotope mixing models were used to estimate the contribution of water sources to plants xylem sap.

In spring, all species used free water from the top soil as the maium represents an unaccounted, vital source for most of the shallow-rooted species growing on gypsum drylands. Thus, crystallization water helps shallow rooted species to endure arid conditions, which eventually accounts for the maintenance of high biodiversity in these specialized ecosystems.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high burden for patients and limited existing therapeutic options.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab, a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin 17A and 17F in individuals with moderate to severe HS.

This phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with an active reference arm was performed from September 22, 2017, to February 21, 2019. The study included a 2- to 4-week screening period, a 12-week treatment period, and a 20-week safety follow-up. Of 167 participants screened at multiple centers, 90 were enrolled. Eligible participants were 18 to 70 years of age with a diagnosis of moderate to severe HS 12 months or more before baseline.

Participants with HS were randomized 211 to receive bimekizumab (640 mg at week 0, 320 mg every 2 weeks), placebo, or reference arm adalimumab (160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2, and 40 mg every week for weeks 4-10).

The prespecified p of other indications, supporting further evaluation in participants with HS.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03248531.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03248531.Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B cell lymphoma with poor long-term overall survival. Currently, MCL research and development of potential cures is hampered by the lack of good in vivo models. MCL is characterized by recurrent translocations of CCND1 or CCND2, resulting in overexpression of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 or D2, respectively. Here, we show, for the first time, that hematopoiesis-specific activation of cyclin D2 is sufficient to drive murine MCL-like lymphoma development. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cyclin D2 overexpression can synergize with loss of p53 to form aggressive and transplantable MCL-like lymphomas. Strikingly, cyclin D2-driven lymphomas display transcriptional, immunophenotypic, and functional similarities with B1a B cells. These MCL-like lymphomas have B1a-specific B cell receptors (BCRs), show elevated BCR and NF-κB pathway activation, and display increased MALT1 protease activity. Finally, we provide preclinical evidence that inhibition of MALT1 protease activity, which is essential for the development of early life-derived B1a cells, can be an effective therapeutic strategy to treat MCL.Sickness behaviors, including anorexia, are evolutionarily conserved responses to acute infections. Inflammation-induced anorexia causes dramatic metabolic changes, of which components critical to survival are unique depending on the type of inflammation. Glucose supplementation during the anorectic period induced by bacterial inflammation suppresses adaptive fasting metabolic pathways, including fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and decreases survival. Consistent with this observation, FGF21-deficient mice are more susceptible to mortality from endotoxemia and polybacterial peritonitis. Here, we report that increased circulating FGF21 during bacterial inflammation is hepatic derived and required for survival through the maintenance of thermogenesis, energy expenditure, and cardiac function. FGF21 signaling downstream of its obligate coreceptor, β-Klotho (KLB), is required in bacterial sepsis. However, FGF21 modulates thermogenesis and chronotropy independent of the adipose, forebrain, and hypothalamus, which are operative in cold adaptation, suggesting that in bacterial inflammation, either FGF21 signals through a novel, undescribed target tissue or concurrent signaling of multiple KLB-expressing tissues is required.
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