Notes

Organizing time nights that will promote closeness: The particular functions of romantic relationship targets and also self-expansion.
poorer and even the richer households adopted different coping strategies that might result in long-term economic and nutritional consequences.
Perceptions of people regarding COVID-19 influences their health behaviour in terms of seeking public health services. This helps the government in planning appropriate public health strategies. Therefore, this study intends to explore the perceptions of people towards COVID-19 and their experiences during the pandemic in Nepal.

This qualitative study was conducted among the public in Kathmandu, Kanchanpur, Bajura and Jhapa districts of Nepal. Eight focus group discussions and 40 in-depth interviews were conducted by using a maximum variation sampling method.

The findings were organised into the following themes General understanding of COVID-19, Disease prevention, Source of information and misconceptions, Expectation and challenges; and Personal and societal consequences of COVID-19, social distancing and lockdown. There was a good general understanding among respondents about COVID-19, personal preventive measures and population-level strategies. They responded that the use of masks, sanitisers, handed health system, unorganised public quarantine centres, and public violation of lockdown CONCLUSIONS This study reports participants' views on disease prevention measures such as maintaining personal hygiene, adhering to physical distancing, and using personal protective equipments. Additionally, it illuminates the confusion among public due to conflicting public health messages from different sources of information which was deemed as misleading by the participants. This research sheds light on people's perspectives and experiences that can inform population-targeted policies in the future.
To summarise the occurrence of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in Latin America and the Caribbean from 2015 to 2017 using two outcome measures derived from infectious disease surveillance reports and to assess the completeness of these reports.

Surveillance study.

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO epidemiology reports on confirmed and suspected Zika virus infection and cases of CZS.

Populations of 47 countries in the South and Central Americas, Mexico and the Caribbean.

The number of CZS cases per 1000 births (using 2016-2017 births as a denominator) and the number of CZS cases per 1000 births in women with Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

By 4 January 2018, 548623 suspected and 239063 confirmed Zika virus infections had been reported to PAHO/WHO from 47 countries. In 25 countries, over 80% of infections were reported as suspected. There were 3617 confirmed CZS cases in 25 countries; 2952 (82%) had occurred in Brazil. The number of CZS cases per 1000 births varied considerably with -reporting of CZS is not too severe. Data on infections in pregnant women enable potential under-reporting of CZS to be identified. Both measures are recommended for future PAHO/WHO publications. Evidence of severe under-reporting of Zika virus infections and CZS makes interpretation of the data and comparisons between countries challenging.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often a multimorbid condition and progression to more severe disease is commonly associated with increased management requirements, including lifestyle change, more medication and greater clinician involvement. This study explored patients' and kidney care team's perspectives of the nature and extent of this workload (treatment burden) and factors that support capacity (the ability to manage health) for older individuals with CKD.

Qualitative semistructured interview and focus group study.

Adults (aged 60+) with predialysis CKD stages G3-5 (identified in two general practitioner surgeries and two renal clinics) and a multiprofessional secondary kidney care team in the UK.

29 individuals and 10 kidney team members were recruited. Treatment burden themes were (1) understanding CKD, its treatment and consequences, (2) adhering to treatments and management and (3) interacting with others (eg, clinicians) in the management of CKD. Capacity themes were (1) personal attributesng) associated with CKD in individuals as well as assessment of their capacity and interventions to improve capacity (social care, psychological support) will likely improve patient experience and their engagement with kidney care services.
The aim in this study was to stratify maximum blood glucose levels to identify the the best cut-off value of glucose levels to predict mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, regardless of whether they had diabetes.

A retrospective cohort study.

All clinical data were obtained from the 'Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III' database.

A total of 3078 patients with ACS were included in the study. We divided the patients into four levels based on their maximum blood glucose levels (glucose
), then analysed the relationship between each group with mortality.

Among enrolled patients, 2780 and 298 were survivors and non-survivors, respectively. Blood glucose levels and mortality showed a 'tick' type relationship, with levels 3 and 4 found to be closely associated with increased hospital mortality (p<0.05), relative to level 1 (<6.1 mmol/L), used as the reference group. No significant association was observed in mortality between level 2 and level 1 (p=0.095). In addition, we a significant association with increased mortality in patients with ACS. Non-diabetes ACS patients need a more robust blood glucose management strategy compared with diabetes counterparts.
Individuals with schizophrenia are known to be at higher risk of comorbid conditions, both physical and psychological. Osteoporosis is possibly one of these, leading to public health concerns due to higher rates of associated mortality and morbidity. We aim to systematically search all available evidence across electronic databases regarding the relationship between schizophrenia and bone fragility.

A systematic search of the research databases CINAHL, MEDLINE Complete, Embase and PsycINFO will be conducted and identified papers reviewed for eligibility, with a second reviewer confirming inclusions. Searches will be run from database inception to 1 October 2020 and supplemented by the hand checking of references of identified articles. A previously published scoring system will be used for assessing the methodological quality and risk of bias. A meta-analysis is planned.

Due to including published literature only, ethical permission will not be necessary. Results of this study will be published in a relevant scientific journal and presented at a conference in the field of interest.

CRD42020171959.
CRD42020171959.
To examine the association between physicians' use of digital health technology and their job satisfaction and work-life balance.

A cross-sectional nationally representative survey of physicians and probit regression models were used to examine the association between using digital health technology and the probability of reporting high job satisfaction and a good work-life balance. Models included a rich set of covariates, including physicians' personality traits, and instrumental variable analysis was used to control for bias from unobservable confounders and reverse causality.

Clinical practice settings in Australia, including physicians working in primary care, hospitals, outpatient settings, and physicians working in the public and private sectors.

Respondents to wave 11 (2018-2019) of the Medicine in Australia Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal survey of doctors. The analysis sample included a broadly nationally representative sample of 7043 physicians, including general practiti95% CI 0.1 to 1.0). Physicians who used digital health technology were 14.2 percentage points (95% CI -1.3 to 29.7) and 20.3 percentage points (95% CI 2.4 to 38.1) more likely to report respectively higher job satisfaction and good work-life balance, compared with the physicians who did not use it.

Findings suggested digital health technology served more as a work resource than work demand for physicians who used it.
Findings suggested digital health technology served more as a work resource than work demand for physicians who used it.
The
report states a goal of 80% uptake of recommended vaccines among adolescents, including the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. selleck inhibitor However, the rate of uptake of the HPV vaccine is estimated at 51% in 2018, which leaves young people vulnerable to morbidity and mortality from preventable, HPV-related cancers. Reasons for this are multifactorial and include factors at the level of the provider, primary care practice, patient and family, and community. The development of interventions that are responsive to these multifactorial barriers in real-world settings is a priority. Boot Camp Translation (BCT) is a community-engaged approach to message development for translating evidence-based practices into clinics and communities. This project aims to (1) Engage practices and communities in the development of interventions to promote HPV vaccine uptake and (2) Evaluate the impact of the BCT-designed intervention on practice-level HPV vaccine initiation rates. We hypothesise that the BCT-designed intervention will increase the rate of HPV vaccine initiation in the practices.

This study will implement HPV-focused BCT in three counties in Colorado with a below average county-level vaccination rate. Each BCT group will design a multipronged intervention targeted at patients, parents, providers and the general community to then be disseminated in the participating practices and communities over the subsequent 6-month period. The long-term goal is to develop a replicable approach and low-cost method of increasing HPV vaccine uptake that is easily adaptable to different settings and sociodemographic contexts.

This study is approved by the Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed manuscripts and conference presentations, as well as within Colorado practice-based research networks.

NCT04279964.
NCT04279964.
Study the proportion of patients affected by involuntary childlessness who are denied fertility treatment and the reasons behind this in a publicly funded healthcare system.

Survey study using prospectively collected information by healthcare professionals.

Two university-affiliated fertility clinics in Sweden.

Single women and couples in heterosexual and homosexual relationships seeking fertility evaluation and treatment between November 2017 and April 2018 (943 individual cases).

Number and proportion of individuals who were either denied, delayed or granted fertility treatment directly. Furthermore, the reasons behind delaying or completely withholding treatment.

The majority of those seeking evaluation were heterosexual couples (75%), while 14% were single women and 7.5% were same-sex couples. The great majority of those undergoing evaluation were granted treatment either directly (85%) or after in-depth evaluation (7.5%), while 7.5% were denied treatment. Among those who were denied treatment-making evident a need for clear official policy guidelines regulating these assessments and the provision of treatment.
Being single or receiving treatment with donated gametes can both be reasons for withholding fertility treatment. Although difficult to operationalise, parenting assessment in Sweden is employed interchangeably in treatments with donated gametes (legally mandated assessment) and even autologous gametes (non-legally mandated assessment)-making evident a need for clear official policy guidelines regulating these assessments and the provision of treatment.
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