Notes

Neuromodulation involving Hippocampal-Prefrontal Cortical Synaptic Plasticity and Practical Connection: Significance for Neuropsychiatric Problems.
IGEDEPP (Interaction of Gene and Environment of Depression during PostPartum) is a prospective multicenter cohort study of 3310 Caucasian women who gave birth between 2011 and 2016, with follow-up until one year postpartum. The aim of the current study is to describe the cohort and estimate the prevalence and cumulative incidence of early and late-onset postpartum depression (PPD).

Socio-demographic data, personal and family psychiatric history, as well as stressful life events during childhood and pregnancy were evaluated at baseline. Early and late-onset PPD were assessed at 8 weeks and 1 year postpartum respectively, using DSM-5 criteria.

The prevalence of early-onset PPD was 8.3% (95%CI 7.3-9.3), and late PPD 12.9% (95%CI 11.5-14.2), resulting in an 8-week cumulative incidence of 8.5% (95%CI 7.4-9.6) and a one-year cumulative incidence of PPD of 18.1% (95%CI 17.1-19.2). Nearly half of the cohort (N=1571, 47.5%) had a history of at least one psychiatric or addictive disorder, primarily depressive disorder (35%). Almost 300 women in the cohort (9.0%) reported childhood trauma. During pregnancy, 47.7% women experienced a stressful event, 30.2% in the first 8 weeks and 43.9% between 8 weeks and one year postpartum. Nearly one in five women reported at least one stressful postpartum event at 8 weeks.

Incident depressive episodes affected nearly one in five women during the first year postpartum. Most women had stressful perinatal events. Further IGEDEPP studies will aim to disentangle the impact of childhood and pregnancy-related stressful events on postpartum mental disorders.
Incident depressive episodes affected nearly one in five women during the first year postpartum. Most women had stressful perinatal events. Further IGEDEPP studies will aim to disentangle the impact of childhood and pregnancy-related stressful events on postpartum mental disorders.Holes in housings, shafts and flanges lead to stress concentrations when the components are working under high dynamic loads. Peening methods are commonly used to improve the stress concentration and extend the working life. These methods, however, are difficult to treat the inner surface of the holes in the components because these surfaces are fully shadowed and limit the access of the shot streams, water jets or laser beams. A new developed method using ultrasonic cavitation can be expected to solve these problems by using a sonotrode with a special shape. The working principle is that the fluid enters through a narrow gap between the sonotrode and the inner surface to create a cavitation. In this paper, a new sonotrode was designed and manufactured, then tested at a resonance frequency of 23.8 kHz. The sono-chemiluminescence experiments were carried out to detect the cavitation intensity on the inner surfaces. The stainless-steel tubes were treated, and their surface properties were evaluated as well. The results show that the cavitation intensity is strongest at the working distance of 1 mm. The hardness increased by about 12% without the significant change of surface roughness.In this paper, a new approach is proposed for the detection of ultrasonic guided waves using a LiNbO3 single crystal-based micro-transducer matrix. This matrix was designed, manufactured, and then used to detect Lamb and Pochhammer-Chree guided waves in plate- and cylinder-like structures. This study highlights the identification of the first flexural mode F(1,1) in cylinders at low frequencies. A network analyser and a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) were used to characterise and study the behaviour of the micro-transducer matrix. An experimental device was designed and used to acquire electrical measurements of the micro-transducer vibrations. Then, an original experimental device was developed to generate a selected flexural guided mode in a solid aluminium cylinder. The emitter comprised two semicircular piezoelectric transducers excited with only one phased signal thanks to the inverse position of polarisation. Finally, the results prove that the flexural mode F(1,1) is selected and generated by the emitter, then detected and identified by the micro-transducer matrix.The characteristics of detached macroalgae (drift) in nearby highly eutrophic and mesotrophic estuaries in south-western Australia are compared to elucidate the magnitude and types of changes that occur in macroalgal drift when estuaries receive excessive nutrient input. Drift characteristics in the large basins of the microtidal, eutrophic Peel-Harvey and mesotrophic Swan-Canning, which is not subjected to large nutrient inputs directly from agricultural land, differed markedly. Biomass (dry weight) in mesotrophic estuary was dominated by rhodophytes (92%), particularly Laurencia and Hypnea, and in eutrophic estuary by opportunistic chlorophytes (68%), especially Chaetomorpha and Ulva. Prevalence and biomass of drift were far greater in the eutrophic estuary, particularly during summer and autumn when macroalgal growth rose sharply. Macroalgal biomass in the eutrophic estuary was positively related to salinity. These results facilitate predictions of how climatic and other anthropogenic changes influence extent of macroalgal growth and thus change the estuarine environment.GNB1L haploinsufficiency caused by 22q11.2 deletion syndrome may contribute to schizophrenia pathophysiology. We resequenced the protein-coding sequences of GNB1L in 553 patients with schizophrenia and 535 controls from Taiwan. saruparib Four common single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed no association with patients with schizophrenia. We identified 17 rare missense mutations, including three that were schizophrenia-associated and predicted as pathogenic (p.R57W, p.G68S, and p.R265C). Given that rare mutations with high penetrance contribute to schizophrenia, missense mutations of GNB1L might increase the risk of schizophrenia in some patients.
Little is known on prevalence of early return hospital admission of subjects with COVID-19 previously evaluated and discharged from emergency departments (EDs). This study aims to describe readmission rate within 14 days of patients with COVID-19 discharged from ED and to identify predictors of return hospital admission.

We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with COVID-19 discharged from two EDs. Return hospital admission was defined as an unscheduled return ED visit within 14 days after initial ED evaluation and discharge. We compared the group of patients who had a return hospital admission to those who did not. We also evaluated selected clinical characteristics (age, neutrophilia, SOFA, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein and D-dimer) associated with return hospital admission.

Of 283 patients included in the study, 65 (22.9%) had a return ED visit within 14 days. 32 of those patients (11%) were then hospitalized, while the remaining 33 were again discharged. Patients requiring a return hospital admission was significantly older, had higher pro-calcitonin and D-dimer levels.
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