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Comparative genomic options that come with Streptococcus canis using the pan-genome orthologous party examination based on sequence sort.
Conclusions and discussion The establishment of the Luohu Hospital Group transformed the originally fragmented delivery system into a tightly integrated service delivery networks. Though valuable lessons have been generated, the reform and its impacts require ongoing monitoring. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s).Aim A systemic review and analysis of evolution journey of indices, such as conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI) and gradient index (GI), described in the literature. Background Modern radiotherapy techniques like VMAT, SRS and SBRT produce highly conformal plans and provide better critical structure and normal tissue sparing. These treatment techniques can generate a number of competitive plans for the same patients with different dose distributions. Therefore, indices like CI, HI and GI serve as complementary tools in addition to visual slice by slice isodose verification while plan evaluation. Reliability and accuracy of these indices have been tested in the past and found shortcomings and benefits when compared to one another. Material and methods Potentially relevant studies published after 1993 were identified through a pubmed and web of science search using words "conformity index", "Homogeneity index", "Gradient index"," Stereotactic radiosurgery"," stereotactic Body radiotherapy" "complexity metrics" and "plan evaluation index". Combinations of words "plan evaluation index conformity index" were also searched as were bibliographies of downloaded papers. Results and conclusions Mathematical definitions of plan evaluation indices modified with time. CI definitions presented by various authors tested at their own and could not be generalized. Those mathematical definitions of CI which take into account OAR sparing grant more confidence in plan evaluation. Gradient index emerged as a significant plan evaluation index in addition to CI whereas homogeneity index losing its credibility. Biological index base plan evaluation is becoming popular and may replace or alter the role of dosimetrical indices. © 2020 Greater Poland Cancer Centre. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and is one of the most common chronic degenerative joint diseases that causes pain and disability in adults. Urolithin A (UA) has been widely reported for its anti-inflammatory properties in several chronic diseases. However, the effects of UA on OA remain unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of UA in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced chondrocytes. PCI-32765 Target Protein Ligan chemical Results No marked UA cytotoxicity was noted, and UA protected cartilage from damage following IL-1β stimulation in micromasses. Moreover, UA promoted the expression of anabolic factors including Sox-9, Collagen II, and Aggrecan while inhibiting the expression of catabolic factors such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS-4) in rat chondrocytes. Protective effects of UA were also observed in ex vivo organ culture of articular cartilage. Mechanistically, IL-1β significantly activated and upregulated the expression of p-ERK 1/2, p-JNK, p-P38, and p-P65, while UA protected chondrocytes against IL-1β-induced injury by activating the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Conclusion Our results provide the evidence that UA could attenuate IL-1β-induced cell injury in chondrocytes via its anti-inflammatory action. UA may be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of OA. © The Author(s) 2020.Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of critical importance in tumor drug resistance. Herein, this study aims to determine the roles of lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 in drug resistance of breast cancer involving microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) and ZEB1. link2 Methods Microarray-based gene expression profiling of breast cancer was conducted to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs. ZEB1 expression was measured in adjacent and cancerous tissues. Next, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with a series of inhibitor, mimic or siRNA to clarify the roles of lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 and miR-129-5p in drug resistance of breast cancer. Then the target relationship of miR-129-5p with lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 and ZEB1 was verified. The expression patterns of miR-129-5p, lncRNA ZEB1-AS1, Bcl-2, MDR-1, ZEB1 and corresponding proteins were evaluated. Moreover, the apoptosis and drug resistance of MCF-7 cell were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry respectively. Results LncRNA ZEB1-AS1 was observed to be an upregulated lncRNA in breast cancer, and ZEB1 overexpression was noted in breast cancerous tissues. MiR-129-5p was revealed to specifically bind to both ZEB1 and lncRNA ZEB1-AS1. Moreover, the expression levels of ZEB1-AS1, ZEB1, Bcl-2, MDR-1, and corresponding proteins were decreased, but the expression of miR-129-5p was increased with transfection of miR-129-5p mimic and lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 siRNA. Besides, drug resistance to cisplatin was inhibited, and cell apoptosis was promoted in breast cancer after transfection of miR-129-5p mimic, lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 siRNA, and ZEB1 siRNA. Conclusion In conclusion, the study provides evidence that lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 silencing protects against drug resistance in breast cancer by promoting miR-129-5p-dependent ZEB1 downregulation. It may serve as a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment. © The Author(s) 2020.Background Nursing care behavior and nurse's perception of effective care behavior is an act, conduct, and mannerism enacted by professional nurses that convey concern, safety, and attention to the patient. Behavior associated with caring has a paramount role in linking nursing interaction to the client in experiences but, the concept is ambiguous and elusive toward different scholars to reach on common understanding. Only a few studies have been done on the caring behavior and associated factors globally, and no study was done in this study area. Therefore; the purpose of this study was to assess caring behavior and its associated factors among nurses working in Jimma University specialized hospital, southwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 224 nurses working in Jimma university specialized hospital from March 20-April 20, 2019. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including frequency table, mean, multidisciplinary and patient point of view were recommended. © The Author(s). 2020.Although Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) was first cloned and identified as a tumor suppressor gene in nephroblastoma, subsequent studies have demonstrated that it can also play an oncogenic role in leukemia and various solid tumors. WT1 exerts biological functions with high tissue- and cell-specificity. This article reviews the relationship between WT1 and breast cancer from two aspects (1) clinical application of WT1, including the relationship between expression of WT1 and prognosis of breast cancer patients, and its effectiveness as a target for comprehensive therapy of breast cancer; (2) the biological effects and molecular mechanisms of WT1 in the development and progression of breast cancer, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer cells. © The author(s).The Ras-responsive element binding protein 1(RREB1) is a member of zinc finger transcription factors, which is widely involved in biological processes including cell proliferation, transcriptional regulation and DNA damage repair. New findings reveal RREB1 functions as both transcriptional repressors and transcriptional activators for transcriptional regulation of target genes. The activation of RREB1 is regulated by MAPK pathway. We have summarized the target genes of RREB1 and discussed RREB1 roles in the cancer development. In addition, increasing evidences suggest that RREB1 is a potential risk gene for type 2 diabetes and obesity. We also review the current clinical application of RREB1 as a biomarker for melanoma detection. In conclusion, RREB1 is a promising diagnostic biomarker or new drug target for cancers and metabolic diseases. © The author(s).Keratinocyte is the predominant cell type in the epidermis of skin, and it provides the protective barrier function for the body. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in keratinocyte differentiation in animal models; However, their temporal regulation and interactions are still to be explored in pluripotent stem cell models. In this report, we use human embryonic stem cells to demonstrate that epidermal ectoderm and subsequent keratinocyte cell fate can be determined step by step under the regulation of defined factors. The inhibition of TGFβ initiates ectodermal lineage differentiation, and the activation of BMP pathway drives epidermal TP63 expression. Meanwhile, the timely activation of WNT pathway suppresses extraembryonic lineage, and promotes epidermal cell fate. With further specification by NOTCH inhibition, more than 90% of cells become TP63-positive stage Ⅱ keratinocytes. Finally, stage Ⅲ keratinocytes are produced under defined hypo-calcium keratinocyte culture conditions, and are further matured in mouse xenograft model. link3 This study not only establishes an in vitro platform to study keratinocyte cell fate determination, but also provides an efficient protocol to produce keratinocytes for disease models and clinical applications. © The author(s).The discovery of the CRISPR systems has enriched the application of gene therapy and biotechnology. As a type of robust and simple toolbox, the CRISPR system has greatly promoted the development of cellular signal sensors at the genomic level. Although CRISPR systems have demonstrated that they can be used in eukaryotic and even mammalian cells after extraction from prokaryotic cells, controlling their gene-editing activity remains a challenge. Here we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of building a CRIRPR-based signal sensor through sgRNA reconstruction, as well as possible ways to reprogram the signal network of cells. We also propose how to further improve the design of the current signal sensors based on sgRNA-riboswitch. We believe that the development of these technologies and the construction of platforms can further promote the development of environment detection, disease diagnosis, and gene therapy by means of synthetic biology. © The author(s).Our previous studies indicated that phosphoinositide specific phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) was involved in autophagy induction in colon and hepatic carcinoma cells. However, whether and how PLCγ1 regulation in human lung adenocarcinoma is linked to autophagy remains unclear. Here, we assessed the protein expression of PLCγ1 in human lung adenocarcinoma tissue using immunohistochemistry assay and the relationship between PLCG1 and autophagy in The Cancer Genome Atlas Network (TCGA) using Spearman correlation analysis and GSEA software. Furthermore, the interaction between PLCγ1 and autophagy-related signal molecules was investigated in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells treated with different inhibitors or transduction with lentivirus-mediated PLCγ1 gene short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) vectors using MTT, clonogenicity, Transwell migration, RT-PCR, Caspase-3, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and western blotting assays, as well as transmission electron microscope technique. Additionally, the effect of shRNA/PLCγ1 alone or combined with autophagic activator Lithium Chloride (LiCl) on tumor growth and metastasis was measured using immunohistochemistry and assays in A549 xenograft nude mouse model.
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