Notes

German born translation as well as pre-testing involving Combined Composition pertaining to Implementation Investigation (CFIR) and Expert Ideas for Employing Modify (ERIC).
The optimal management of oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is still debated.

The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to collect the available evidence to date to better define the role of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in selected patients with oligorecurrent PCa.

Study methodology complied with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). All prospective studies including PCa patients with nodal and/or bone oligometastases (one to five lesions) were considered eligible. Heterogeneity between study-specific estimates was tested using chi-square statistics and measured with the I
index. A pooled estimate was obtained by fitting both fixed-effect and DerSimonian and Laird random-effect model.

Overall, six works (two randomized and the remainder observational) published between 2013 and 2020 were considered eligible. Globally, data from 445 patients were incorporated, of whom 396 were treated with SBRT (329 in observational studigometastatic prostate cancer patients. We found good evidence that radiotherapy brings important benefits in overall treatment efficacy without major side effects.
In this work, we reviewed available evidence on the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy in treating oligometastatic prostate cancer patients. We found good evidence that radiotherapy brings important benefits in overall treatment efficacy without major side effects.
Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation is a standard treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); however, not all patients benefit from BCG therapy. Currently, no surrogate marker exists to predict BCG efficacy, and thereby, identify patients who will benefit from this treatment.

To evaluate the utility of urine
complex polymerase chain reaction (MTC-PCR) assay as a predictive marker for recurrence and progression following BCG therapy.

A prospective analysis was carried out for of intermediate- or high-risk NMIBC patients who received BCG instillation for the first time. Urine samples, for MTC-PCR assay, were collected at baseline and annually for up to 10 yr after the last BCG instillation, including induction and maintenance therapy. The first postoperative sample for MTC-PCR was taken at 1 yr from the last instillation.

A survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and risk factors for recurrence and progression after BCG treatment were assessee-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy.
Urine Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex polymerase chain reaction may be a novel biomarker capable of identifying patients at risk of recurrence and progression after bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy.
The incidence of cancer is higher among patients with end-stage renal disease but it remains uncertain whether a mild decrease in renal function affects cancer.

To measure the effect of impaired renal function, represented by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), personal health behaviors, and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM
) on the risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC) incidence.

We performed a population-based cohort study of 372 008 participants aged ≥30 yr with no prior cancer history using the MJ health examination database (2000-2015) and UC diagnosis data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database.

Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the association between eGFR and UC incidence.

We detected 383 UC cases during a median follow-up of 10.3 yr. Low eGFR was significantly associated with UC (
value for trend <0.01) compared to eGFR ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m
, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-1.88), 1.86 (95% CI 1.2air may be a risk factor for cancers of the urinary system.
People with kidney function that is lower than normal should monitor the health of their kidneys and other organs in the urinary system. Our study confirmed that as well as smoking, exposure to fine particulate matter in the air may be a risk factor for cancers of the urinary system.
Several newer device-based procedures have recently become available for treating men with lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia, but their effectiveness remains uncertain.

To assess the longer-term comparative effectiveness (defined as >12 mo of follow-up) of the newer treatment modalities prostatic urethral lift (PUL), transurethral prostate convective radiofrequency water vapor (Rezūm), Aquablation, and prostatic arterial embolization (PAE).

Ovid Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality databases were searched through September 30, 2019; hand searches of references of relevant studies were also performed. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English language. We excluded observational studies.

One RCT (
 = 91) found that patients undergoing PUL may be less likely to respond (risk ratio [RR] 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7-1.0; low certainty ourgical treatments for men with an enlarged prostate is limited to few small trials with short-term follow-up; only one trial compared a new treatment modality with sham surgery.
En bloc resection (ERBT) is a valid alternative to piecemeal resection for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), guaranteeing pathological outcomes. However, very few studies investigated long-term oncological outcomes of ERBT.

To report long-term oncological outcome of ERBT.

This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. We included patients who underwent ERBT from June 2010 to February 2014, and were diagnosed with NMIBC at pathology evaluation.

The primary study endpoint was recurrence-free survival at 5 yr. Secondary outcomes were presence of detrusor muscle, recurrence rate at the first follow-up cystoscopy, progression to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) at 5 yr, and factors associated with long-term oncological outcomes. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to describe recurrence-free survival time. A univariate analysis was used to investigate factors associated with recurrence.

Overall, 74 patients were included in this study. The median age was 71 (66-76) yr. Most ofce seems to provide good long-term results in terms of recurrence and progression rates.
In case of superficial bladder tumors, transurethral resection of the entire tumor and its base in one piece seems to provide good long-term results in terms of recurrence and progression rates.
Observational data has indicated improved survival after radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with definitive radiotherapy (RT) in men with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

To compare PCa-specific mortality (PCSM) and overall mortality (OM) in men with high-risk PCa treated with RP or RT, providing information on target doses and fractionations.

This is an observational study from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Patients were diagnosed with high-risk PCa during 2006-2015, treated with RP ≤12 mo or RT ≤15 mo after diagnosis, and stratified according to RP or RT modality; external beam radiotherapy (EBRT; 70-<74, 74-<78, or 78 Gy), hypofractionated RT or EBRT combined with brachytherapy (BT-RT).

Competing risk and Kaplan-Meier methods estimated PCSM and OM, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression models evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) for PCSM and OM.

In total, 9254 patients were included (RP 47%, RT 53%). RT patients were older, had poorer performance status and more unfavorable disease characteherapy (RT) in men with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa); the results suggest that men receiving lower-dose RT have higher, and patients receiving brachytherapy may have lower, risk of death from PCa than patients treated with prostatectomy.
Radiation-induced cystitis is a common side effect of radiotherapy (RT) to the pelvic area. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are components of the urothelial mucosa and positive results have been obtained for intravesical HA/CS instillations for the treatment of urinary tract infections and bladder pain syndrome. HA/CS may also have a protective effect against RT bladder toxicity.

To investigate whether HA and CS protect the urothelium during RT, alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms, and improve quality of life.

This multicentre randomised controlled trial was conducted across seven centres in four countries. Male patients aged ≥18 yr scheduled to undergo primary intensity-modulated radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer were enrolled.

Patients were randomised to intravesical HA/CS plus an oral formulation of curcumin, quercetin, HA, and CS (group A) or no treatment (group B).

The primary endpoint was absolute changes from baseline to follow-up in urinary domain scores for thef the results are confirmed in further trials.
It is important to understand the implications of reduced bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment intensity, given global shortages and early termination of the NIMBUS trial.

To assess the association of partial versus complete BCG induction with outcomes.

This is a retrospective cohort study of veterans diagnosed with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC; high grade [HG] Ta, T1, or carcinoma in situ) between 2005 and 2011 with follow-up through 2014.

Patients were categorized into partial versus complete BCG induction (one to five vs five or more instillations). Selleck Sodium acrylate Partial BCG induction subgroups were defined for comparison with the NIMBUS trial.

Propensity score-adjusted regression models were used to assess the association of partial BCG induction with risk of recurrence and bladder cancer death.

Among 540 patients, 114 (21.1%) underwent partial BCG induction. Partial versus complete BCG induction was not significantly associated with the risk of recurrence in HG Ta (cumulative incpartial and complete courses of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy. Future research is needed to determine how to best deliver BCG to the greatest number of patients, particularly during medication shortages.
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a known complication in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). The variations in catheterization thresholds contribute to unnecessary invasive procedures.

In the current study, we implemented an algorithm for a sterile intermittent catheterization (SIC) threshold of 800ml with volume-dependent bladder scan intervals and compared the incidence of SIC with that of a matched patient cohort threshold of 400ml.

This comparative study of two prospective historical cohorts represented two thresholds for POUR, set at 400ml without a standardized bladder scan protocol and 800ml with a volume-dependent bladder scan protocol.

The primary outcome was the frequency of catheterization during the PACU stay. Secondary outcomes evaluated patient safety aspects in occurrence of thresholds above 400/800ml. The study was set at the PACU under the Department of Anesthesia, Center for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

In total, 741 patients were consecutively incl catheterization in the postanesthesia care unit, without increasing catheterization rates at the ward.
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