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Interestingly, a cell line-based study reveals that the fluorescence intensity of AuNCs could be detected in cancerous MDA-MB-231 cells but not in non-cancerous breast-derived MCF10A cells. Further, time lapse fixed cell imaging by confocal microscopy revealed that the fluorescence of AuNCs could be quenched by Hg(ii) ions inside the MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus the objective of our study is to appraise the sensitive in vivo as well as in vitro detection of Hg(ii) ions using AuNCs as a probe.By utilizing the hybrid-ligand conception, three novel dysprosium complexes Dy(2-py-4-pmc)(L)(H2O) (H2-py-4-pmc = 2-(2-pyridyl)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid; L = fumarate (fum, 1), succinate (suc, 2), or pimelate (pim, 3)) have been successfully synthesized. Structural analysis reveals that the dicarboxylate ligands connect 2-py-4-pmc--protected Dy3+ to form one-dimensional molecular ribbons. Magnetic measurements indicate that the three complexes exhibit typical slow magnetic relaxation under a zero dc field with effective reversal barriers Ueff of 180 K, 145 K and 137 K for 1-3, respectively, which is mainly attributed to the strong Ising anisotropy of dysprosium ions induced by the appropriate arrangement of carboxylate groups. Ab initio calculations demonstrate that the charge distribution around dysprosium ions and the magnetic interactions between them are key contributions to their different dynamic behaviour.The new outbreak caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 started at the end of 2019 and was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Since then, several diagnostic approaches have been re-adapted, and also improved from the previous detections of SARS and MERS coronavirus. The best strategy to handle this situation seems to rely on a triad of detection methods (i) highly sensitive and specific techniques as the gold standard method, (ii) easier and faster point of care tests accessible for large population screening, and (iii) serology assays to complement the direct detection and to use for surveillance. In this study, we assessed the techniques and tests described in the literature, their advantages and disadvantages, and the interpretation of the results. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is undoubtedly the gold standard technique utilized not only for diagnostics, but also as a standard for comparison and validation of newer approaches. Other nucleic acid amplification methods have been shown to be adequate as point of care (POC) diagnostic tests with similar performance as RT-qPCR. The analysis of seroconversion with immunotests shows the complexity of the immune response to COVID-19. GSK690693 in vitro The detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can also help to detect previously infected asymptomatic individuals with negative RT-qPCR tests. Nevertheless, more controlled serology cohort studies should be performed as soon as possible to understand the immune response to SARS-CoV-2.Correction for 'Tumor acidity-responsive carrier-free nanodrugs based on targeting activation via ICG-templated assembly for NIR-II imaging-guided photothermal-chemotherapy' by Kaihang Xue et al., Biomater. Sci., 2021, DOI 10.1039/D0BM01864C.New generation antimicrobial agents are expected to exhibit non-metabolic killing mechanisms, high killing potency and biocompatibility. We synthesized a cationic chitosan derivative and an anionic chitosan derivative - specifically an α-poly(l)lysine side-grafted chitosan (CS-PLL) and an anionic citraconyl anhydride (CA) modified polylysine side graft for chitosan (CS-PLL-CA). The β-carboxylic amide of CS-PLL-CA is pH-labile and self-cleavable under pH 6 or below. When we mixed the cationic (CS-PLL) and anionic (CS-PLL-CA) peptidosaccharide copolymers, they self-assembled, due to electrostatic charge interactions, into nanomicelles (NMs) with the oppositely charged peptides in the core and the chitosan polysaccharide arms on the shell. The NMs exhibited high hemo- and cytocompatibility (nontoxic) at physiological pH of 7.4, due to the chitosan protection on the shell and charge neutralization on the core. Upon reaching the bacterial infection site, the chitosan shell interacted and accumulated around the bacteria. The bacterial infection sites in the body usually show localized acidity as a result of the combined actions of bacterial metabolism and host immune response, and the pH can decrease to as low as 5.5. At this low pH, the β-carboxylic amide bond of the anionic polypeptide gradually hydrolyzed to expose the initial cationic amine moieties, causing the NMs to 'decompose' into individual CS-PLL and 'spill' the cationic molecules which then disrupted and killed the bacteria. This 'smart' bacteria-recognizing chitosan-decorated nanosystem opens the pathway to explore other anionic and cationic and biocompatible polymers for 'stealth' delivery of antimicrobial polypeptide, and 'on-demand' recovery of the cationic parts to kill bacteria at infection sites.Structural parameters, such as metal-like semiconductor and electrochemical properties of functionalized polyaniline, hold great potential especially for the development of the cell-substrate interface due to its ion/electron transfer ability. We report the one-step synthesis of sulfonic acid-doped polyaniline nanobuds (s-PANINbs) with controlled shape/size under various oxidation potentials. The different oxidation states of s-PANINbs are used to investigate the cell-specific platform for the induction of neuronal networks in PC12 cells, including the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. The unique structure of one-dimensional (1-D) s-PANINbs enhances its intrinsic conductive properties, and facilitates the dispersibility and electrochemical activity via covalent bonding with dopants. The protonated emeraldine salt nanobuds of s-PANINbs synthesized at 0.18 V anodic potential demonstrated low resistivity (∼81.18 mΩ) and charge transfer resistance (∼3253 Ω). The most biologically compatible protonated emeraldine salt was used in vitro to induce PC12 cells associated with neurite outgrowth, contributing to the electrophysiology of neuronal cells under an external electrical stimulation. The western blotting analysis and qRT-PCR results show that β-III Tubulin, synapsin I, and TREK-1 are highly expressed in PC12 cells, confirming their successful differentiation into neural-specific cells. Our approach demonstrates the promising role of the self-standing framework based on the s-PANINbs of the protonated emeraldine salt in peripheral nerve repair for the future in vivo cell-interface.
The Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patient Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) is a nationally recognized standardized protocol that goes beyond medical acuity to account for patients' social determinants of health (SDH).

We described the magnitude of patient SDH barriers at health centers.

Health centers across three PRAPARE implementation cohorts collected and submitted PRAPARE data using a standardized data reporting template. We analyzed the scope and intensity of SDH barriers across the cohorts.

Nationally, patients faced an average of 7.2 out of 22 social risks. The most common SDH risks among all three cohorts were limited English proficiency, less than high school education, lack of insurance, experiencing high to medium-high stress, and unemployment.

Findings demonstrated a high prevalence of SDH risks among health center patients that can be critical for informing social interventions and upstream transformation to improve health equity for underserved populations.
Findings demonstrated a high prevalence of SDH risks among health center patients that can be critical for informing social interventions and upstream transformation to improve health equity for underserved populations.This study examined the effects of the Great Recession (GR) on type 2 diabetes management using individual-level data in a historically underserved, high-risk patient population at a federally qualified health center (FQHC). Comparing three time periods (pre-recession [2004-2006], recession [2007-2009], and recession recovery [2010-2012]), we found that patients had significant increases in blood pressure and body mass index as they entered the GR. Conversely, we found a significant decrease in HbA1c across the study period likely influenced by interventions to improve HbA1c during this time at this FQHC. While previous studies on the impact of the GR have focused primarily on the middle class, our findings suggest that high-risk patients who are already struggling to maintain their health may be further hurt by economic downturns. Intensive programs to serve these patients can act as a safety net to buffer the potential health impacts of these downturns.In Montana, American Indians with chronic illnesses (CIs) die 20 years earlier than their White counterparts highlighting an urgent need to develop culturally consonant CI self-management programs. Historical and current trauma places Indigenous peoples at increased health risk relative to others, and negatively influences CI self-management. The Apsáalooke Nation and Montana State University worked together to develop and implement a trauma-informed CI self-management program to improve the Apsáalooke community's health. This paper describes the origins and development of the trauma-informed components of the program. Using community stories and a literature review of trauma-informed interventions, partners co-developed culturally consonant trauma materials and activities grounded in community values and spirituality. Trauma-informed content was woven throughout three intervention gatherings and was the central focus of the gathering, Daasachchuchik ('Strong Heart'). Apsáalooke ancestors survived because of their cultural strengths and resilience; these cultural roots continue to be essential to healing from historical and current trauma.Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), an accepted U.S. screening tool for early lung cancer detection, is not widely-used in Puerto Rico. We investigated knowledge and attitudes about LDCT in focus groups of primary care physicians (PCP) and individuals at high risk for lung cancer (HRI) in Puerto Rico. Transcribed/translated audio-recorded discussions were analyzed with the constant comparison method. Both groups had limited knowledge about LDCT and concerns regarding insurance coverage. Most HRIs had never had a provider recommend LDCT and believed that having symptoms was necessary to obtain LDCT screening. Perceived barriers included fears about results and the procedure; a perceived benefit was having early detection and possibly being cured. Few PCPs had ever recommended LDCT to a patient, with those who had basing their decision on symptoms/smoking history but having challenges with insurance. More education on LDCT is needed among HRIs, and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines should be widely distributed to encourage physician recommendations.
About 22,000 refugee women are resettled in the U.S. annually. Women's health screenings for breast and cervical cancer and reproductive health should be examined within the context of the built environment where refugees are resettled.

1) Analyze the proportion of resettled refugees who had women's health screenings and 2) map the available refugee, health, and social services organizations compared with the ZIP codes where refugees were resettled.

Two clinical sites in Philadelphia conducted a retrospective chart review (N = 914). Community organizations were mapped.

Within age guidelines, 460 (59%) women had a cervical cancer screening, 95 (63%) had a breast cancer screening, 296 (51%) were currently using contraception, and 118 (13%) became pregnant. Most community organizations were not located within ZIP codes where refugees resettled.

There is a need for increased resources-which could increase women's screening rates-within a broader area of Philadelphia.
There is a need for increased resources-which could increase women's screening rates-within a broader area of Philadelphia.
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