Notes

A preliminary study your quantification of soft taste buds activity utilizing ultrasonography.
detailed reporting are urgently needed for individualized treatment.
Pembrolizumab plus cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil is likely to be the best first-line treatment when OS is a priority. Otherwise, TPEx should be the optimal first-line option due to its superior PFS prolongation efficacy, best safety profile, and similar OS benefit with pembrolizumab plus cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil. Nivolumab appears to be the best second-line option with best OS prolongation efficacy and outstanding safety profile in the overall population. Future RCTs with meticulous grouping of patients and detailed reporting are urgently needed for individualized treatment.
More than half of patients with breast, lung, or prostate cancer who have bone metastases have evidence of skeletal-related events (SREs). Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to and neutralizes receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) on osteoblasts and their precursors. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved dose of denosumab is 120 mg every 4 weeks; however, other schedules have been used in practice for patient convenience. Evidence for the safety and efficacy of alternative dosing intervals is lacking.

Adult patients with solid cancers and bone metastases who received at least two doses of denosumab 120 mg were reviewed. Patients were grouped based on an average denosumab dosing interval of <5 weeks (short-interval)
5-11 weeks (medium-interval)
⩾12 weeks (long-interval). The primary outcome was the time to first SRE while on denosumab between the short- and medium-interval groups. The secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS), efficacy comparisons between the other groups, and safety events.

There was no significant difference in median time to first SRE between the short- and medium-interval denosumab groups [33.2
28.4 months, hazard ratio (HR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.66-1.92,
 = 0.91] or the medium- and long-interval dosing groups (28.4
32.2 months, HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.66-2.01,
 = 0.62). Median OS was not found to differ significantly between any of the groups. There were significantly more hospitalizations in the short-interval dosing group than the other groups (55.2%
33.8%
30.4%,
 < 0.001).

Extending denosumab dosing intervals does not appear to negatively impact time to first SRE and is associated with fewer hospitalizations in real-world patients with solid cancers and bone metastases.
Extending denosumab dosing intervals does not appear to negatively impact time to first SRE and is associated with fewer hospitalizations in real-world patients with solid cancers and bone metastases.
Our aim was to investigate the prognostic impact of the lepidic component on T stage in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

A retrospective data set including 863 cases of LUAD with lepidic component and 856 cases without lepidic component was used to identify matched lepidic-positive and lepidic-negative cohorts (
 = 376 patients per group) using a propensity-score matching. Primary outcome variables included recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Prognostic factors were assessed by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier estimates.

Multivariate analysis revealed that lepidic component presence was an independent prognostic factor for prolonged RFS (
 < 0.001) and OS (
 < 0.001). Furthermore, lepidic ratio (LR) >25% or ⩽25% were confirmed to be independent prolonged survival predictors. No survival differences were observed between patients with LUAD with LR >25% or ⩽25% (RFS
 = 0.333; OS
 = 0.078). The 5-year OS rates of patients with LUAD with a lepidic component were 90% regardless of the T stage, and these survival rates were significantly better than those of patients with LUAD without a lepidic component in the corresponding T stage. Sabutoclax concentration Multivariate analysis confirmed that T stage was associated with survival only in patients with LUAD without a lepidic component.

Lepidic component presence identifies a LUAD subgroup with an excellent prognosis independent of the LR, pathological T classification. Considering the lepidic component presence may improve prognostic predictions for patients with LUAD.
Lepidic component presence identifies a LUAD subgroup with an excellent prognosis independent of the LR, pathological T classification. Considering the lepidic component presence may improve prognostic predictions for patients with LUAD.
Involuntary weight loss may occur during systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT), causing treatment disruption and poorer prognoses. There remain gaps in clinical awareness as to which patients may benefit from nutritional interventions that aim to prevent unintended weight loss during SACT.We utilised England's population-level cancer registry data, conducting a pan-cancer assessment of patient weight loss during SACT. We aimed to identify cancers with weight loss-associated treatment modifications, potential beneficiaries of nutritional intervention.

This cross-sectional study used England's Cancer Analysis System database, including SACT-treated adults with one tumour and ⩾2 weight recordings between 2014 and 2018. Binary weight loss (threshold 2.5%) was derived from patients' most negative weight change from first SACT weight recording. The Martin
body mass index-adjusted weight loss grading system (BMI-WLG) was assigned. We describe binary weight loss, BMI-WLG and treatment modification status by canc by WLG.

Our study is a wide assessment of weight loss during SACT using England's cancer registry data. Across different cancers we found patients have weight loss-associated treatment modifications during SACT, a precursor to poorer prognoses. Our findings highlight cancers that may benefit from improved nutritional intervention during SACT.
Our study is a wide assessment of weight loss during SACT using England's cancer registry data. Across different cancers we found patients have weight loss-associated treatment modifications during SACT, a precursor to poorer prognoses. Our findings highlight cancers that may benefit from improved nutritional intervention during SACT.
Because of its low prevalence, metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in males is managed based on clinical experience with women. Using a real-life database, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of male MBC characteristics, management and outcome.

The Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics Data Platform collected data for all men and women ⩾18 years with MBC in 18 participating French Comprehensive Cancer Centers from January 2008 to November 2016. Demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics were retrieved, as was treatment modality. Men were matched 11 to women with similar characteristics.

Of 16,701 evaluable patients, 149 (0.89%) men were identified. These men were older (median age 69 years) and predominantly had hormone receptor HR+/HER2- disease (78.3%). Median overall survival (OS) was 41.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI 26.9-49.7)] and similar to women. Median progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line therapy was 9.3 months [95% CI (7.4-11.5)]. In the HR+/HER2- subpopulation, endocrine therapy (ET) alone was the frontline treatment for 43% of patients, including antiestrogens (
 = 19), aromatase inhibitors (
 = 15) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs (
 = 3), and various sequential treatments. Median PFS achieved by frontline ET alone was similar in men [9.8 months, 95% CI (6.9-17.4)] and in women [13 months, 95% CI (8.4-30.9)] (
 = 0.80). PFS was similar for HR+/HER2- men receiving upfront ET or chemotherapy 9.8 months [95% CI (6.9-17.4)]
9.5 months [95% CI (7.4-11.7)] (
 = 0.22), respectively.

MBC management in men and women leads to similar outcomes, especially in HR+/HER2- patients for whom ET should also be a cornerstone. Unsolved questions remain and successfully recruiting trials for men are still lacking.
MBC management in men and women leads to similar outcomes, especially in HR+/HER2- patients for whom ET should also be a cornerstone. Unsolved questions remain and successfully recruiting trials for men are still lacking.Until recently, continuing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and closely monitoring patients until evolution towards metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were recommended in men with non-metastatic CRPC (nmCRPC). Because delaying the development of metastases and symptoms in these patients is a major issue, several trials have investigated next-generation androgen receptor (AR) axis inhibitors such as apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide in this setting. This review summarizes the recent advances in the management of nmCRPC, highlighting the favourable impact of next-generation AR inhibitors on metastases-free survival, overall survival and other clinically meaningful endpoints.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital status and the prognosis of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with nephroureterectomy (NU).

Patients with UTUC who received NU treatment were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2015. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression were used to analyze the effect of marital status on cancer-specific survival (CSS), and 11 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for married and unmarried patients to explore further the effect of marital status on patients with UTUC.

Among 1565 eligible patients, 960 (61.3%) were married and 605 (38.7%) were unmarried, of which 146 (9.3%) were divorced/separated, 306 (19.6%) were widowed, and 153 (9.8%) were single. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that marital status was not an independent risk factor for patients with UTUC treated with NU. After stratification by grade and SEER stage, multivariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in 5-year CSS between divorced/separated, widowed, and single patients compared with married patients in different grades and SEER stages. In addition, after PSM analysis, marital status was still not an independent risk factor for patients with UTUC treated with NU.

For patients with UTUC treated with NU, marital status has no prognostic effect on CSS.
For patients with UTUC treated with NU, marital status has no prognostic effect on CSS.
Owing to the limited ability of current imaging modalities, several clinical T1 renal cell carcinomas (cT1 RCCa) can be pathologically upstaged to T3a (pT3a) after surgery. There have been some controversies regarding the oncological safety of partial nephrectomy (PNx) compared with radical nephrectomy (RNx) in these patients. We compared oncological outcomes of PNx and RNx in patients with upstaged pT3a RCCa.

A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guideline. PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase were searched. Oncological outcomes [recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS)] between PNx and RNx were compared. The GRADE approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence.

A total of 7406 patients in 12 articles related to upstaged pT3a RCCa were included. In adjusted analysis, no difference was observed in RFS [hazard ratios (HR) 0.87; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.57-0.95;
 = 0.88] and CSS (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.59-1.04;
 = 0.09) for PNx and RNx. Meanwhile, PNx was significantly associated with favorable OS compared with RNx (HR, 0.
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