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Prophylactic Second-rate Vena Cava Filter Positioning Doesn't Cause a Success Advantage for Injury Individuals.
In this research, a novel synthesis of CaO nanoparticles via a green, environmentally, and economical method is developed. AG 825 EGFR inhibitor Crataegus pontica C.Koch leaves extract was used as a green reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize the calcium oxide nanoplates ranging from 40 to 65 nm. The synthesized CaO NPs are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The CaO NPs were evaluated successfully for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye with 98.99% degradation efficiency under sunlight by a simple technique. The recoverability and reusability of the CaO photocatalyst were considered under the optimized reaction conditions, which are showed high chemical stability after at least five runs.Indeed, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) plays an increasingly important role in global economic and climate change mitigation. However, scientists have insufficient attention to the issues related to the elements that contribute to justifying these impacts and bolstering its response in BRI nations. Accordingly, the existent study executed an in-depth examination of the spatial direct and spillover effects of foreign direct investment inflows (FDI) and biomass energy consumption (BEC) on greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) for 57 BRI countries (1992-2012). We applied the spatial lag model (SLM), the spatial error model (SEM), and the spatial Durbin model (SDM) with five different weights matrices to verify the existence of the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH), the pollution halo hypothesis (P-HH), and the N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). We linked the study results with the implementation level of the sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings of local Moran's I (LMI) and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) tests confirm the existence of spatial autocorrelation (SAR). The empirical results revealed that FDI has a positive direct and spillover influence on GHG emissions, which supports the presence of PHH. Also, the nexus between economic growth and GHG emission is an N-shaped curve. The results revered that BEC has a negative sign for direct and spillover effects. In contrast to BEC, Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (FFEC) and population positively sign for direct and indirect impact. Some policy proposals and future research directions are discussed for BRI countries.Because of health concerns regarding the presence of enteric viruses in wastewater effluents, this study was designed to investigate the occurrence of human adenovirus (HAdV) in the irrigation water-soil-crop continuum. Viral particles were extracted from wastewater and wastewater- or water-irrigated soil and crop samples and analyzed using real-time PCR. Concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were also determined. Quantitative microbial risk assessment was performed to determine the HAdV illness risk associated with the consumption of wastewater-irrigated vegetables. HAdV-F was detected in 74% of wastewater effluent samples with a mean concentration of 38 Genomic Copy (GC)/mL. HAdV was also detected in wastewater-irrigated soil (2 × 102 GC/g) and crop ( less then  10 GC/g) samples, with no statistically significant difference in concentrations between wastewater- and freshwater-irrigated samples. The results showed no correlation between concentrations of FIB and HAdV in the analyzed samples. Mean probability of illness risk from consumption of wastewater-irrigated vegetables was 4 × 10-1 per person per year (pppy) which was about two orders of magnitude higher than the proposed value by WHO (10-3 pppy) for safe reuse of wastewater. This finding suggests that the wastewater reuse for irrigation of vegetables eaten raw could pose a threat to human health with respect to the risk of viral illness, signifying stricter management of wastewater reuse. However, because of uncertainties in the QMRA model, particularly the ratio of infectious to non-infectious virus particles, more data is required to validate the predicted risk. This information is especially important in arid and semi-arid regions where high temperatures, UV radiation intensity, and desiccation can efficiently inactivate microorganisms in the environment.Biased technological progress is the act of energy conservation and emission reduction by changing the marginal rate of substitution. In this study, we introduced renewable energy into a production function, and proposed a method of identifying biased characteristics of technological progress, based on marginal productivity theory. A panel dataset for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) economies from 2000 to 2017 was analyzed to explore the effect of biased technological progress in reducing particulate matter (PM2.5). We found that input biased technological progress tended to use more non-renewable energy. Input biased technological progress aggravated haze pollution; however, this effect decreased as the PM2.5 concentration increased. Output biased technological progress significantly reduced haze pollution in high-income economies, but increased it in low-income economies. The effect of neutral technological progress on haze pollution was the opposite of the effect from output biased technological progress. We also found that increasing renewable energy consumption and reducing energy intensity were separate effective paths for input and output biased technological progress, respectively, to mitigate haze pollution. For neutral technological progress, improving total factor productivity was an important way to mitigate haze pollution. Finally, several policy recommendations are proposed to mitigate haze pollution in APEC economies.This study is premised on Indonesia's climate goal amidst good economic performance. To test the environmental implication of this macroeconomic performance of Indonesia, we adopt Indonesian quarterly data of 1990Q1-2018Q4 for empirical analysis. Relevant instruments in the economic performance of Indonesia such as urbanization, foreign direct investment (FDI), and renewable energy source are all adopted for accurate estimations and analysis of this topic. Different approaches (structural break test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bounds testing and Granger causality) are all adopted in this study. Our analysis and policy recommendations are based on the short-run and long-run ARDL dynamics and Granger causality. Findings from ARDL confirmed negative relationship between carbon emission and renewable energy source, FDI, and urbanization. Also, a U-shape instead of inverted U-shaped EKC is found confirming the impeding implication of Indonesian economic growth to its environmental performance if not checkmate. From Granger causality analysis, all the variables are seen transmitting to urbanization in a one-way causal relationship. Also, FDI and renewable energy prove to be essential determinants of the country's environment development; hence, FDI is seen transmitting to both energy sources (fossil fuels and renewables) in a one-way causal relationship. Renewable energy is as well seen having two ways causal relationship with both carbon emission and fossil fuels. This result has equally exposed the significant position of the three instruments (urbanization, FDI, and renewable energy source) in Indonesian environment development.Phosphorus is an essential mineral for the growth of plants which is supplied in the form of fertilizers. Phosphorus remains an inseparable part of developing agrarian economics. Phosphorus enters waterways through three different sources domestic, agricultural, and industrial sources. Rainfall is the main cause for washing away a large amount of phosphates from farm soils into nearby waterways. The surplus of phosphorus in the water sources cause eutrophication and degradation of the habitat with an adverse effect on aquatic life and plants. Phosphate elimination is necessary to control eutrophication in water sources. Among the different methods reported for the removal and recovery of phosphorus ion exchange, precipitation, crystallization, and others, adsorption standout as a sustainable solution. The current review offers a comparative assessment of the literature on novel materials and techniques for the removal of phosphorus. Herein, different adsorbents, their behaviors, mechanisms, and capacity of materials are discussed in detail. The adsorbents are categorized under different heads iron-based, silica-alumina-based, calcium-based, biochar-based wherein the metal and metal oxides are employed in phosphorus removal. The ideal attribute of adsorbent will be the utilization of spent adsorbents as a phosphate plant food and a soil conditioner in agriculture. The review provides the perspective on the current research with potential challenges and directives for possible research in the field.A solid polymer, poly[(sodium methacrylate)-co-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate], p(MAA-co-MEAA) was synthesized and then grafted onto carbon nanotubes to prepare poly(MAA-co-MEAA)-grafted carbon nanotubes [CNT-g-p(MAA-co-MEAA)]. NMR, TGA, and FT-IR characterized the synthesized polymers and adsorbents. SEM-EDX was used to investigate the surface characteristics of the adsorbents. Pb2+ was removed from the aqueous solution using the CNT-g-p(MAA-co-MEAA). A batch adsorption experiment was performed at different Pb2+ concentrations (1, 10, 25, 50 mg/L), pH (4 and 6.75), temperature (25 and 35 °C), and contact periods (1, 5, 20, 60, and 1440 min) to study the adsorption kinetics and isotherm. The adsorbent dose of 2.5 g/L could effectively lower the initial Pb2+ concentration of 1000 to 2 ppb. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 1178 mg/g. In addition, the adsorbents have been shown to effectively reduce the coexisting metal ion concentrations from industrial wastewater, which indicated the potential of the proposed adsorbent in removing metal ions from coexisting metals containing wastewater. To predict the adsorption efficiency of Pb2+, various linear, non-linear, and neural network models were established. An additional data set, not incorporated in model training, was used to validate the models. A number of models showed excellent performance with R2 in the range of 0.89-0.98. In model validation studies, the correlation coefficients (r) ranged from 0.94 to 0.99. The novel adsorbent and models will most likely aid in the development of a robust treatment technique for removing Pb2+ ions from water and wastewater.Collaborative innovation can promote scientific productivity and the development of clean technology and thus has a great potential in constraining the ecological footprint. However, current studies on the impact of collaborative innovation on ecological footprint are insufficient, and results remain controversial. To better understand these impacts, this paper took Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area of China as a case, estimated the ecological footprint at the municipal level from 2008 to 2018, measured collaborative innovation both from four dimensions and from a composite approach, then applied threshold regression models to compare the impact of collaborative innovation on the ecological footprint across different economic intervals. The findings showed that the ecological footprint of the Greater Bay Area displayed an overall upward trend with prominent spatial heterogeneity. The impact of collaborative innovation on the ecological footprint presented a double-threshold effect when examined with different indicators.
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