Notes

Association Between Paternal Grow older and also Birth Fat throughout Preterm and Full-Term Start: Any Retrospective Review.
k for CRC.
Factors associated with CRC in the major referral hospitals in KSA were colon polyps, chronic constipation, and unemployment. These factors should be considered when screening for patients at risk for CRC.
Research shows the profound impact of social factors on health, lead many healths systems to incorporate social risk screening. To help healthcare systems select among various screening tools we compared two tools, the Your Current Life Situation (YCLS) and the Accountable Health Communities (AHC) Screening tools, on key psychometric properties.

Kaiser Permanente Southern California subsidized exchange members (
= 1008) were randomly invited to complete a survey containing either the YCLS or the AHC tool, as well as other measures related to care experience and health. Healthcare use was measured through the electronic health record. Agreement between the AHC and YCLS was assessed using adjusted kappas for six domains (food - worry, food - pay, insecure housing, housing quality, transportation, utilities). To assess predictive validity, items on the AHC and YCLS were compared to self-rated health and receipt of a flu shot.

Responders (
= 450) and non-responders (
= 558) significantly differed on sex, language, and depression (
< 0.05) but not anxiety, race/ethnicity, or healthcare use. Agreement between the AHC and YCLS tools was substantial on all items (kappas > 0.60) except for housing quality (kappa 0.52). Four out of six screening questions on the AHC tool and four out of seven on the YCLS tool were associated with self-rated health (
< 0.03). No social needs were associated with flu shot receipt except utilities on the AHC tool (
= 0.028).

In this sample, the AHC and YCLS tools are similar in their ability to screen for social risks. Differences observed likely stem from the timeframe and wording of the questions, which can be used to guide selection in healthcare systems.
In this sample, the AHC and YCLS tools are similar in their ability to screen for social risks. Differences observed likely stem from the timeframe and wording of the questions, which can be used to guide selection in healthcare systems.
The prevalence of iron deficiency, latent and symptomatic, is heterogeneous worldwide. In this study, we aim to explore the prevalence of iron deficiency, with and without anemia, among medical college females at the high Altitude Aseer region of Southwestern Saudi Arabia.

200 female medical students were randomly sampled, between the ages of 19 and 27 years. Blood samples were collected for complete blood count (CBC) values and serum ferritin determination. Questionnaires were completed in order to collect demographics, medical history, and socioeconomic information of the participants.

Prevalence of overall iron deficiency was high (63%, serum ferritin <20 μg/L, 52.5%, ferritin <15 μg/L). Anemia, adjusted for high altitude (defined as less than 13 g/dL was present in 41 participants (20.5%) and 12 (6.5%) have Hb <12 g/dL. Iron-deficiency anemia (Hb <13 g/dL and serum ferritin <15 μg/L) was present in 35 (17.5%). Personal and family history of anemia and poor animal product containing meals were positively correlated with the presence of iron deficiency state. Neither symptoms of anemia, nor the presence of menorrhagia correlate with the presence of iron deficiency anemia.

Iron deficiency with and without anemia is a very common and condition in young females' population at high altitude. Implementing a lab method to screen for anemia on vulnerable populations is needed. Frequently asymptomatic, the primary care providers should maintain a high degree of suspicion in order to initiate screening for iron status.
Iron deficiency with and without anemia is a very common and condition in young females' population at high altitude. Implementing a lab method to screen for anemia on vulnerable populations is needed. Frequently asymptomatic, the primary care providers should maintain a high degree of suspicion in order to initiate screening for iron status.
To study the intraocular pressure (IOP) and tear production changes in uncomplicated pregnant women at term pregnancy and immediate postpartum.

The patients admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for delivery were included in the study. A total of 106 participants who were at term uncomplicated pregnancy were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were subjected to type 1 Schirmer's testing and intraocular pressure measurement by Perkin's tonometer before and after delivery.

There was no significant pre- and postdelivery IOP difference between the different age groups (<30 and ≥30 years), mode of delivery, and parity. There was a statistically significant (
< 0.001) increase in mean tear production (Schirmer's test) after delivery, irrespective of age group, mode of delivery, and gravida status. However, no significant intergroup difference was observed.

There was no significant change in IOP before and after delivery in uncomplicated pregnancies. However, a statistically significant increase in tear production was observed in the immediate postpartum period.
There was no significant change in IOP before and after delivery in uncomplicated pregnancies. However, a statistically significant increase in tear production was observed in the immediate postpartum period.
Vulnerable population groups such as migrant workers are identified as emerging high-risk groups for oral cancer owing to the high prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption. Premature deaths due to oral cancer can be prevented by screening the population with high tobacco consumption practices and detecting early reversible stages of oral mucosal cavity lesions and facilitating linkages for further care.

To assess prevalence of potentially malignant oral mucosal cavity lesions among tobacco consuming migrant construction workers in sub-urban Chennai, India.

A workplace based cross-sectional study design.

A cross-sectional study was conducted at workplaces i.e., construction sites for screening potentially malignant oral mucosal cavity lesions among migrant workers across 23 construction sites of Chennai during September 2019 - February 2020. An onsite, group health education session was provided about the harms of tobacco use to the migrants.

Data entered in MS Excel was analysed using SPSS and mud need urgent interventions.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the second leading cause of mortality in India; however, there are no programs for COPD in India at primary care level. Kerala became the first state in India to implement a program at primary care for COPD, called the Step Wise Approach to Airway Syndrome program.

The objective of the study was to evaluate and document the implementation status of a program for obstructive airway disease (OAD) in Trivandrum district of Kerala state in India and compare the treatment characteristics of patients with OAD seeking care from the centers implementing and not implementing this program for OADs.

A cross-sectional study was done as early evaluation of a program for OAD implemented in Kerala state, India, from October 2018 to February 2019.

A reflection of the health-seeking behavior due to better facilities at the FHCs. There was no difference in the hospital visits or emergency department visits between the two groups. However, there was a statistically signifient attitudes.
The aim and objective of this study is to detect invasive fungal infections (IFIs) early and with more sensitivity by the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for fungus as compared to fungal culture in clinically suspected patients and also explore its correlation in reference to age, duration of symptoms, immunocompromised status, and other risk factors predisposing to IFIs.

In this cross-sectional study, 50 suspected patients admitted in medical acute care unit/intensive care unit (ACU/ICU) of Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, comprised the study. All cases were selected based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A detailed history, clinical examination, and all required investigations were done in all suspected patients. Blood samples were taken for nested-PCR for fungus and culture. Nested PCR was performed on extracted DNA form samples collected from all participants under the study.

Our study comprised of 50 suspected immunocompromised patients ofture), and also they are rapid in giving the results. Thus, nested PCR for fungus can be used in a cost-effective manner for the early and reliable diagnosis of clinically suspected IFIs.
Subclinical Vitamin B12 deficiency is a very common entity in the Indian subcontinent with devastating clinical and socio-economic consequences. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportion of vitamin B12 deficient children and to evaluate their clinical profile.

This prospective analytical study was conducted in a tertiary level care institute in Northern India.

Children with clinical pallor, were included in this study. Detailed history, height, weight percentiles and characteristic features of vitamin B12 deficiency were recorded and complete blood counts, mean corpuscular volume and vitamin B12 levels were done.

For Qualitative data was analyzed using Pearson Chi square tests and quantitative data was analyzed using two sided independent samples t tests.

A total of 111 children were included. 64.8% (
= 72) had vitamin B12 deficiency. Lethargy (63.9%) and weight loss (62.1%), Knuckle pigmentation were common features. One-fourth of the children were on vegetarian diet. Neurologicavitamin B12 levels forms an essential component while evaluating children with anemia, despite mixed dietary habits and normal MCV.
Nutrition is one of the most important factors that affect a child's health. It plays a vital role in the prevention and control of disease morbidity and mortality. It is a major public health problem in a developing country like India.

To assess undernutrition in under-five children and various sociodemographic factors affecting it.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children of rural and urban Rishikesh. A total sample size of 400 under-five children was taken. Multistage sampling was done to select the areas and systematic random sampling was done for selection of households.

A predesigned, pretested, and semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information on the sociodemographic characteristics and status of undernutrition in study participants.

Data was entered into excel sheets and analyzed using SPSS version 23 utilizing appropriate statistical methods.

The prevalence of underweight was 37.3%, stunting 43.3% and wasting 24.5%. Underweight (40.5% v/s 35.0%), stunting (46.5% v/s 40.0%), and wasting (27.0% v/s 22.0%) was more prevalent in urban areas as compared to rural areas. Deferiprone Sociodemographic factors such as religion, caste, parental education, father's occupation, and family size emerged as significant predictors of under nutrition.

Undernutrition in under-five children was quite high. Since childhood malnutrition is multifactorial, there is no single cause big enough to blame but a multifaceted approach is required to combat malnutrition.
Undernutrition in under-five children was quite high. Since childhood malnutrition is multifactorial, there is no single cause big enough to blame but a multifaceted approach is required to combat malnutrition.
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