Notes

Mechanical properties and biomedical program features associated with degradable polylactic acid-Mg-Ca3(PO4)2 three-phase composite.
5 predictions associated with the use of imputed AOD values, although it was not as high as the uncertainty from the machine learning algorithms used in PM2.5 prediction models. We concluded that the quantification of uncertainties for both AOD imputation and its propagation to AOD-based PM2.5 prediction is necessary for accurate and reliable PM2.5 predictions.Understanding the arsenic (As) aging process is important for predicting the environmental behavior of exogenous As in paddy soils. In this work, samples of sixteen paddy soils with various soil properties were spiked with two concentrations (30 and 100 mg kg-1) of arsenate and subjected to a 360 day-long incubation under continuous flooding condition. Soil available As extracted by 0.05 M NH4H2PO4 was monitored through the aging process. Results showed that the available As%, the percentage of remaining available As in aged soils to added total As, fell from 44.2% to 41.9% on the 1st day to 22.0% and 23.0% on the 115th day for the low and high As spiked soils, respectively, then it remained basically unchanged after the 115th day. The pseudo-second order equation could adequately describe the aging kinetics of exogenous As in paddy soils. There was no significant difference in As aging parameters between the two spiked concentrations. Contents of soil free Al and Mn oxides, clay and cation exchange capacity strongly affected the aging rate of exogenous As. An empirical model, incorporating soil pH, cation exchange capacity, Olsen-P and flooding time, was developed to predict well the change of soil available As% during aging process (R2 = 0.711). buy LY364947 The model could be potentially utilized to manage As-contaminated paddy fields and normalize ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation datasets in attempt to derive more widely applicable soil environmental quality criteria for As.The rural domestic waste (RDW) compost has been widely used in agriculture and horticulture, but little is known about microplastics (MPs) in RDW composting. The current work deals with the abundance and characteristics of MPs in RDW composting, and the effects of composting processes on the composition of MPs. Compost samples from two RDW treatment stations were investigated, and a lab-scale experiment was carried out to verify the possible release of MPs from macroplastics (>25 mm) contained in the RDW during composting. MPs were identified using stereo-microscope and μ-FTIR. The average abundance of MPs (0.05-5 mm) in the RDW compost products was 2400 ± 358 items/kg (dry weight), and the main MPs shapes were fibers and films. Polyester, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) were the most common polymer types. MPs having a size less then 1 mm accounted for more than 50% of the total quantity. With the progress of composting, the proportion of MPs having size less then 1 mm increased, and more foam MPs were observed in the late stage of composting. Under the influence of mechanical force, oxidation and biodegradation, a piece of expanded polystyrene (EPS), PP and PE macroplastic could release 4-63 MPs particles during the composting. Thus, the RDW compost was a significant source of MPs in soils, and the MPs in compost products were closely related to the quantity and type of plastic waste present in RDW, which helped to suggest better MPs control strategies.It is well known that antibiotic residuals affect the composition and structure of microbial communities. However, the consequences of these biological changes in terms of ecosystem function remain poorly understood, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we investigated the impacts of norfloxacin (NOR, 0, 0.5, and 8 mg L-1), a widely used antibiotic, on the microbial community structure on leaf surfaces of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans, and the corresponding variations in litter decomposition, litter nutrient release, and water properties. link2 Results showed that after 40 days of exposure, bacterial richness consistently decreased with increasing NOR concentration, and that richness of fungi was significantly lower in treatments adding NOR than in the control treatment. Moreover, NOR shifted the community toward NOR resistant phyla and genera, especially in the bacteria community. These community shifts resulted in the inhibition of litter decomposition and nutrient release from leaf litter to system water, accompanied by increases in dissolved oxygen concentration and pH of system water. Our results indicate that, by affecting microbial communities, NOR had significant effects on litter decomposition, litter nutrient release, and water properties, highlighting the potential harmful effects of NOR on aquatic ecosystem function.The study aimed to assess the effects of melatonin, a plant growth regulator, on the degradation of phenanthrene (Phe) and pyrene (Py), in the rhizosphere of the Festuca grass. The experiments were divided into the following groups 1) soil contaminated with Phe and Py, without the Festuca, 2) contaminated soil + Festuca, 3-5), contaminated soil + Festuca + the application of melatonin in three separate doses 10, 50, or 100 μM. After 90 days, the effects of melatonin supplementation on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by evaluating the rate of PAHs degradation, the expression of genes encoding salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase (SDH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzymes in Pseudomonas putida, as well as by measuring the total activity of dehydrogenase and peroxidase enzymes. Our results have shown that in soil contaminated by 300 mg kg-1 PAHs, application of melatonin (10, 50, 100 μM), resulted in the following increase in the dehydrogenase and peroxidase activity in all three applied doses (19% and 5.7%), (45.3% and 34.3%), (40.9% and 14.3%), respectively in comparison to the control group. The experiment showed that soil supplementation with melatonin at 50 μM, resulted in the highest removal rate of PAHs. According to our results, melatonin demonstrated a potentially favorable role in enhancing plant biomass, as well as an increase in soil bacterial population, and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in P. putida, causing all tested parameters of the soil and the expression of desired genes to be advantageously altered for the degradation of the chosen PAHs.Plastic waste are introduced into the environment inevitably and their exposure in the environment causes deterioration in mechanical and physicochemical properties and leads to the formation of plastic fragments, which are considered as microplastics when their size is less then 5 mm. In recent years, microplastic pollution has been reported in all kinds of environments worldwide and is considered a potential threat to the health of ecosystems and humans. However, knowledge on the environmental degradation of plastics and the formation of microplastics is still limited. In this review, potential hotspots for the accumulation of plastic waste were identified, major mechanisms and characterization methods of plastic degradation were summarized, and studies on the environmental degradation of plastics were evaluated. Future research works should further identify the key environmental parameters and properties of plastics affecting the degradation in order to predict the fate of plastics in different environments and facilitate the development of technologies for reducing plastic pollution. Formation and degradation of microplastics, including nanoplastics, should receive more research attention to assess their fate and ecological risks in the environment more comprehensively.Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment (THP) is an effective sludge treatment method which provides several advantages such as enhanced biogas formation and fertilizer production. The main limitation to THP-AD is that hazardous odors, including NH3 and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), are emitted during the sludge treatment process. In order to develop strategies to eliminate odors, it is necessary to identify the key odors and emissions sites. link3 This study identified production of NH3 (741.60 g·dry sludge t-1) and VSCs (277.27 g·dry sludge t-1) during sludge AD after THP, and measured emissions in each of the THP-AD sludge treatment sites. Odor intensity, odor active values, permissible concentration-time weighted average, and non-carcinogenic risks were also assessed in order to determine the sensory impact, odor contribution, and health impacts of NH3 and VSCs. The results revealed that odor pollution existed in all of the test sites, particularly in the sludge pump room and pre-dehydration workshop. NH3, H2S, and methyl mercaptan caused very strong odors, and levels of NH3 and H2S were enough to impact the health of on-site employees.Sediment trapping as a tool to monitor microplastic influx was tested in an urban boreal lake basin. The one-year-long trap monitoring consisted of 5-month and 7-month periods representing growing season and winter season (including the spring flood event), respectively. Sediment accumulation rate (SAR), and organic content were determined, highest SAR - 14.5 g/m2/d - was measured during the winter period. Microplastics were extracted from the sediment applying heavy-liquid density separation method and collected under a microscope for further identification with FTIR spectroscopy. PE was identified as the most abundant synthetic polymer type, while PP and PET are also present. The annual microplastic flux rate is 32 400 pieces/m2/year, and highest accumulation does not coincide with the highest SAR, but occurs during the growing season. Changes in the microplastic accumulation rates are related to seasonal conditions. Highest microplastic concentration with respect to dry sediment weight (10 200 pieces/kg) was observed in a growing season sample, while highest concentration with respect to sediment volume (1800 pieces/l) was observed during winter. This finding underlines the problems related to reporting microplastic concentrations in various units. The results highlight that sediment trap monitoring is an efficient tool for monitoring microplastic accumulation rate in aquatic environments and provides an opportunity to better understand and define processes controlling microplastic accumulation.
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose psychological consequences severely affect patient's quality of life.

To identify candidate genes of rosacea for potential development of new target therapies.

Gene Expression Omnibus datasets were retrieved to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between rosacea patients and healthy controls. Gene ontology (GO) analyses were used to identify functions of candidate genes. Related signaling pathways of DEGs were analyzed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were applied using search tools for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins and modulations involving PPI networks were evaluated with use of the MCODE app.

Samples from 19 rosacea patients and 10 healthy controls of dataset GSE65914 were enrolled. A total of 215 DEGs, 115 GO terms and 6 KEGG pathways were identified. A total of 182 nodes and 456 edges were enriched in PPI networks. Maximal clusters showed 15 central nodes and 96 edges.
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