Notes

Acting the best minimization of prospective impact of global warming on coast environments.
The rapid circulation of COVID-19 misinformation posed one of the most vexing challenges to health communication scholars and practitioners during the pandemic. Within the communication field, our response to health misinformation has often focused on shoring up public trust in scientific knowledge and amplifying institutional expertise. But this strategy of rebuilding public trust in institutions has a serious weakness it requires the leaders of these institutions to actually behave in ways that merit trust. This essay tells the story of one such moment when the actions of university leaders threatened to undermine public faith in George Mason University's "safe return to campus" plan. The essay then discusses how a mobilized and organized faculty helped counter this threat by demanding that university leaders embrace transparency, decision-maker accountability, and a commitment to truth-telling based on science.As the intersections of social identities and health become increasingly evident, the need for medical schools to center their education on social accountability becomes critical. Medical schools have a responsibility to direct their curriculum to ensure graduates become competent physicians in identifying and intervening for their community's needs. These topics have historically been taught in a didactic fashion, but there lacks adequate translation of this teaching style to clinical and community health advocacy. Active learning strategies must be used to engage students to critically think and act on the inter-relationships of social issues and health. We provide 12 recommendations to optimize medical education to effectively immerse students in social accountability through the use of experiential learning within a spiral curriculum. These recommendations are based on reviews of the literature and an environmental scan of curricular activities across Canadian medical schools.Shoulder injuries are a common problem in handball. One likely cause of such injuries is excessive throwing. However, it is difficult to measure the number of player throws in large cohort studies using existing methods accurately. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop and validate a method for identifying overhead throws using a low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) worn on the wrist. In a two-stage approach, we developed a threshold-based automatic identification method for overhead throws in a laboratory study using the IMU. Subsequently, we validated the suggested thresholds in a field setting by comparing throws identified by the threshold-method to throws identified by video recordings of handball practices. The best set of threshold values resulted in a per-player median sensitivity of 100% (range 84-100%) and a median positive predictive value (PPV) of 96% (range 86-100%) in the development study. In the validation study, the per-player median sensitivity dropped to 78% sensitivity (range 52-91%), while the per-player median PPV dropped to 79% (range 47-90%). The proposed method is a promising method for automatically identifying handball throws in a cheap and feasible way.
To report refractive error findings in Baltimore City schoolchildren who failed school-based vision screenings.

In this cross-sectional analysis, students pre-kindergarten through 8
grade who failed screenings during school years 2016-2019 received an eye examination, including non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity (VA) measurements. Refractive error was identified when there was at least -0.50 diopter (D) spherical equivalent (SE) myopia, +0.50D SE hyperopia, 1.00D astigmatism, or 1.00D anisometropia in either eye. Generalized estimating equation models were used to identify factors associated with clinically significant refractive error, defined as decreased VA and more severe refractive error.

Of 7520 students who failed screening, 6627 (88%) were analyzed. buy Entospletinib Clinically significant refractive error and any refractive error were found in 2352 (35.5%) and 5952 (89.8%) students, respectively. Mild myopia (45%, -0.50 D to <-3.00 D SE) and low astigmatism (47%, 1.00 D to <3.00 D cylinder)astigmatism.This article presents an update of the collaborative statement on clerkship directors (CDs), first published in 2003, from the national undergraduate medical education organizations that comprise the Alliance for Clinical Education (ACE). The clerkship director remains an essential leader in the education of medical students on core clinical rotations, and the role of the CD has and continues to evolve. The selection of a CD should be an explicit contract between the CD, their department, and the medical school, with each party fulfilling their obligations to ensure the success of the students, the clerkship and of the CD. Educational innovations and accreditation requirements have evolved in the last two decades and therefore this article updates the 2003 standards for what is expected of a CD and provides guidelines for the resources and support to be provided.In their roles as CDs, medical student educators engage in several critical activities administration, education/teaching, coaching, advising, and meCDs in the support they are provided. This work has been endorsed by each of the eight ACE member organizations.
Oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes named glycyrrhetinic acids (GAs) featuring a C-30 carboxylic acid group, are extracted from the licorice (
). Numerous biological properties of GA have been reported and have attracted researchers from all over the world in recent years due to the peculiar GA scaffold-based semisynthetic cytotoxic effects.

This review represents the applications of semisynthetic derivatives of GA for the development of future cancer treatments. Included in the review are important structural features of the semisynthetic GAs crucial for cytotoxic effects.

Numerous semisynthetic GA derivatives illustrated excellent cytotoxic effects toward various cancer cells. Notably the C-
(OH) at ring A along with C
CO
H at ring E as vital structural features, make GA very appealing as a lead scaffold for medicinal chemistry, since these two groups permit the creation of further chemical diversity geared toward improved cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, numerous GA derivatives have been synthesized and indicate that compounds featuring cyanoenone moieties in ring A, or compounds having the amino group or nitrogen comprising heterocycles and hybrids thereof, illustrate more potent cytotoxicity.
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