Notes

Power cord Treating the word Newborn.
Virtual conferences can offer significant benefits but require considerable planning and creativity to be successful. Here we describe the successes and failures of a hybrid in-person/virtual conference model. The COVID-19 epidemic presents the scientific community with an opportunity to pioneer novel models that effectively engage virtual participants to advance conference goals.
A consensus study of panelists was performed to provide a uniform protocol regarding (contra) indications, procedural parameters, perioperative care, and follow-up of irreversible electroporation (IRE) for the treatment of hepatic malignancies.

Interventional radiologists who had 2 or more publications on IRE, reporting at least 1 patient cohort in the field of hepatobiliary IRE, were recruited. The 8 panelists were asked to anonymously complete 3 iterative rounds of IRE-focused questionnaires to collect data according to a modified Delphi technique. Consensus was defined as having reached 80% or greater agreement.

Panel members' response rates were 88%, 75%, and 88% in rounds 1, 2, and 3, respectively; consensus was reached on 124 of 136 items (91%). Percutaneous or intraoperative hepatic IRE should be considered for unresectable primary and secondary malignancies that are truly unsuitable for thermal ablation because of proximity to critical structures. Absolute contraindications are ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac stimulation devices, and congestive heart failure of New York Heart Association class 3 or higher. A metal stent outside the ablation zone should not be considered a contraindication. For the only commercially available IRE device, the recommended settings are an inter-electrode distance of 10-20 mm and an exposure length of 20 mm. After 10 test pulses, 90 treatment pulses of 1500 V/cm should be delivered continuously, with a pulse length of 70-90 μs. The first post-procedural follow-up should take place 1 month after IRE and thereafter every 3 months, using cross-sectional imaging plus tumor marker assessment.

This article provides recommendations, created by a modified Delphi consensus study, regarding patient selection, workup, procedure, and follow-up of IRE treatment for hepatic malignancies.
This article provides recommendations, created by a modified Delphi consensus study, regarding patient selection, workup, procedure, and follow-up of IRE treatment for hepatic malignancies.
The purpose of this pre-post survey study was to assess the effect of the Patient SafetyNet system (Masimo Corp, Irvine, CA) on postoperative respiratory evaluation by nurses in general wards. Patient SafetyNet is a wireless monitoring system that evaluates respiratory rate and percutaneous oxygen saturation.

Survey of nurses at a single medical center.

Staff nurses (n=75) were queried using a questionnaire asking about methods and problems of postoperative respiratory monitoring, usefulness of this system, and suggestions about suitable cases of this system.

A total of 75 questionnaires were completed and returned. The nurses reported that central/remote (89.3%) or continuous (98.7%) monitoring was useful in the postquestionnaire. Moreover, the average frequency of clinical examination was reduced from 11.0 ± 2.3 to 5.1 ± 1.3. Using the Patient SafetyNet system led to a reported 61.3% reduction in nursing workload related to respiratory assessment postoperatively.

Continuous monitoring of respiratory rate and percutaneous oxygen saturation after general anesthesia is recommended for patients' safety. Moreover, Patient SafetyNet can decrease the number of physical assessments of respiratory status for postoperative patients in the general wards, resulting in reduction of nurse's workload.
Continuous monitoring of respiratory rate and percutaneous oxygen saturation after general anesthesia is recommended for patients' safety. Moreover, Patient SafetyNet can decrease the number of physical assessments of respiratory status for postoperative patients in the general wards, resulting in reduction of nurse's workload.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between the presence of visual problems and academic success, in a population of students aged 15-22 years.

This was a prospective, nonrandomized study involving clinical testing and structured interviews. At recruitment (September 2012 to April 2013), participants were asked to answer a questionnaire consisting of 28 questions aiming to identify symptoms commonly related to visual disorders. Each question was graded from 0 (no symptoms) to 2 (frequent). This questionnaire was followed by a visual screening including binocular function. If a problem was identified, participants were referred to an ophthalmologist for a comprehensive examination and an orthoptic work-up (September 2012 to June 2013). Participants returned in September 2013 for a follow-up. The findings were analyzed regarding academic grades and the scores obtained during national examinations in June 2014.

Many participants in this study had visual disorders and the presence of these disorders was not associated with the expression of visual discomfort 24.3% of participants expressed visual discomfort while 86.5% had visual disorders. More than half of the participants had hyperopia often associated with binocular vision problems, which they were not aware of because both their distance and near visual acuity were good.

Although the results of this study cannot be extrapolated to all young people aged 15-22 years, the study confirms the link between visual problems and academic achievement while emphasizing the high prevalence of such problems in the population studied.
Although the results of this study cannot be extrapolated to all young people aged 15-22 years, the study confirms the link between visual problems and academic achievement while emphasizing the high prevalence of such problems in the population studied.
Globally, there is increased incidence of Parkinson's Disease (PD), which is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease. The currently available PD-therapeutics provide only symptomatic relief. Thus, there is an urgent need to devise an effective and safe treatment strategy for PD. The holistic approach of Ayurveda can be a potential effective strategy for treating PD. The integration of different medicine systems, such as modern bio-medicine and Ayurveda can be an effective strategy for treatment of complex diseases, including PD.

This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective mechanism of six Ayurvedic nootropics that are commonly used to treat PD.

Six Ayurvedic herbs, namely Mucuna pruriens (MP), Bacopa monnieri (BM), Withania somnifera (WS), Centella asiatica (CA), Sida cordifolia (SC), and Celastrus paniculatus (CP), were selected after consultation with Ayurvedic scholars and physicians. The mode of action of methanolic herbal extracts was evaluated using the Caenorhabditis elegans BZ555 and NL5901 strains, which can be used to model the two main hallmarks of PD, namely degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and aggregation of α-synuclein protein.

All six herbal extracts exhibited neuroprotective effect. read more The extracts of BM and MP exhibited maximum protection against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+ iodide)-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the BZ555 strain. Furthermore, the herbal extracts, except CA extract, inhibited the aggregation of heterologously expressed human α-synuclein in the NL5901 strain.

Ayurvedic herbs used in the treatment of PD exhibited differential neuroprotective and protein aggregation mitigating effects in C.elegans.
Ayurvedic herbs used in the treatment of PD exhibited differential neuroprotective and protein aggregation mitigating effects in C. elegans.
Honokiol and magnolol are natural components isolated from Magnolia bark that is used in traditional Chinese and Japanese herbal medicine. These two isomers are used as a component of dietary supplements and cosmetic products. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of honokiol and magnolol on pathogens causing oral diseases, their mechanism of action in biofilm formation and drug resistance of oral pathogens, and inflammatory regulation in mammalian cells.

We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of honokiol and magnolol, and their stability at different temperatures and pH. We also evaluated their effect on biofilm formation, antibiotic-resistance gene expression in MRSA, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in mammalian cells.

Honokiol showed better antimicrobial activity than magnolol. Both honokiol and magnolol showed stable bacterial inhibitory activity over a wide range of temperature and pH, reduced biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance in oral pathogens. The biofilm formation- and antibiotic resistance-related gene expression was consistent with the respective phenotypes. Furthermore, these two isomers repressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in RAW264.7cells.

Our study provides evidence of the potential application of honokiol and magnolol in dental medicine to cure or prevent oral diseases.
Our study provides evidence of the potential application of honokiol and magnolol in dental medicine to cure or prevent oral diseases.
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended during treatment with valproic acid (VPA), as is the measurement of free VPA concentration (MfVPA). However, MfVPA is unavailable in many institutions. Based on the highly protein-bound characteristics of VPA, an albumin-adjusted formula has been proposed to predict free VPA concentration (PfVPA). Nevertheless, the factors affecting the accuracy of this formula remain unknown, as does the concordance between MfVPA and PfVPA.

Adult patients receiving VPA and undergoing TDM were enrolled. link2 Free and total serum concentration (TVPA) were categorized as subtherapeutic, therapeutic, or supratherapeutic based on the reference range of 5-15 and 50-100μg/mL, respectively. Concordance was defined as MfVPA and PfVPA, or MfVPA and TVPA, falling within the same category. Multivariate logistic regression with generalized estimating equation was adopted to identify factors affecting concordance, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to determine the cutoff values of predictors.

A total of 98 data points from 51 participants were included for analysis. The concordance of MfVPA and PfVPA, and MfVPA and TVPA, was 72% and 44%, respectively. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (0.97 [0.95-0.99], P=0.01) and TVPA (0.97 [0.95-0.99], P=0.02) had a significant influence on the concordance of MfVPA and PfVPA. The cutoff values of TVPA and BUN for the accuracy of the albumin-adjusted formula were 56.4μg/mL and 51.05mg/dL, respectively.

If MfVPA is not available, the albumin-adjusted formula should be applied before VPA dosage adjustment when TVPA is<56.4μg/mL and BUN is<51.05mg/dL.
If MfVPA is not available, the albumin-adjusted formula should be applied before VPA dosage adjustment when TVPA is less then 56.4 μg/mL and BUN is less then 51.05 mg/dL.
Yttrium-90 radioembolization (Y90-RE) may exert an immunomodulatory effect on the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether the host immune alterations after Y90-RE correlated with outcomes and whether Y90-RE affects viral hepatitis reactivation remains unclear.

Between July 2014 and July 2015, 18 patients undergoing Y90-RE for HCC were prospectively enrolled. link3 Serum levels of virological markers, cytokines and chemokines were measured at baseline, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after Y90-RE. Factors associated with the clinical outcomes were evaluated.

The disease control rate of Y90-RE was 44.4% (8 of 18) at 12 weeks, including 1 case with complete response, 4 cases with partial response, and 3 cases with stable disease. Significant elevation from baseline to week 2 and week 4 were noted in IL-10 level (8.4±33.8, 15.7±31.6, and 16.0±41.7pg/mL, P=0.041 and 0.013, respectively) and IP-10 level (113.5±97.8, 189.1±164.4, and 168.6±150.5pg/mL, P=0.027 and 0.026, respectively). After Y90-RE, transient HBV reactivation occurred in 2 patients, and 1 out of 3 HCV-infected patients exhibited HCV reactivation.
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