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Evaluation of sea salt orthovanadate as being a radioprotective agent below total-body irradiation and partial-body irradiation problems inside mice.
Effects for some intervention remained up to a year beyond facilitated sessions.Amyloid β-peptides (Aβ) are considered as a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that can induce synaptic loss and apoptosis in brain regions, particularly in the cortex and the hippocampus. Evidence suggests that crocin, as the major component of saffron, can exhibit neuromodulatory effects in AD. However, specific data related to their efficacy to attenuate the synaptic loss and neuronal death in animal models of AD are limited. Hence, we investigated the efficacy of crocin in the CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus and also in frontal cortex neurons employing a rat model of AD. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, sham, AD model, crocin, and AD model + crocin groups, with 8 rats per group. AD model was established by injecting Aβ1-42 into the frontal cortex rats, and thereafter the rats were administrated by crocin (30 mg/kg) for a duration of 12-day. The number of live cells, neuronal arborization and apoptosis were measured using a Cresyl violet, Golgi-Cox and TUNEL staining, respectively. Results showed that, the number of live cells in the hippocampus pyramidal neurons in the CA3 and granular cells in the DG regions of the AD rats significantly decreased, which was significantly rescued by crocin. Compared with the control group, the axonal, spine and dendrites arborization in the frontal cortex and CA3 region of the AD model group significantly decreased. The crocin could significantly reverse this arborization loss in the AD rats (P less then 0.05). The apoptotic cell number in the CA3 and DG regions in the AD model group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P less then 0.05), while crocin significantly decreased the apoptotic cell number in the AD group (P less then 0.05). Conclusion. Crocin can improve the synaptic loss and neuronal death of the AD rats possibly by reducing the neuronal apoptosis.Background Asthma affects more than 6.2 million children in the United States and is a major source of chronic disease burden. Concurrent food allergy may be a risk factor for worse asthma outcomes. Objective To estimate the prevalence of food allergy among a cohort of adolescents with persistent asthma and assess whether food allergy is an independent risk factor for asthma morbidity. Methods We included 342 adolescents aged 12 - 16 years with persistent asthma from the Rochester City School District, who were participants in the School Based Asthma Care for Teens (SB-ACT) trial between 2014 and 2018. Multivariable models were used to estimate the association between food allergy and asthma morbidity. Results Overall, 29% of asthmatic adolescents reported having food allergy. While there were no statistically significant differences in daytime asthma symptoms, teens with food allergy had higher FeNO (47.5 vs 33.9 p=0.002) and reported more days with activity limitation due to asthma (3.1 vs 2.3 days/2 weeks, p=0.032) compared to teens without food allergy. Less than half (42%) of adolescents with food allergy had an epinephrine auto-injector. Conclusion Food allergy is common among this cohort of asthmatic adolescents. While food allergy was not related to asthma symptom severity, food allergic adolescents had higher FeNo and more activity limitation, and the majority did not have epinephrine auto-injectors. A history of food allergy and lack of epinephrine autoinjector may increase near fatal outcomes in adolescents with asthma. Preventive measures in addition to standard asthma treatments are warranted for these teens.Due to the cellular entry of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) modulated by angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the ACE2 bearing prostate is therefore hypothesized as a susceptible organ to COVID-19. To delineate whether the pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could be detected in the expressed prostatic secretion (EPS), a total of ten male patients with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. All patients were stratified into two groups one group with positive nasopharyngeal swabbing SARS-CoV-2 within 3 days of the EPS taken day (PNS group, n = 3) and the other group with previously positive nasopharyngeal swabbing SARS-CoV-2 but turned negative before the taken day (PNNS group, n = 7). The COVID-19 patients showed elevated inflammatory indictors, i.e. C-reaction protein (3.28 (1.14, 33.33) mg/L), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (22.50 (8.00, 78.50) mm/h), and interleukin-6 (6.49 (4.96, 21.09) pg/ml). Serum IgM against SARS-CoV-2 was only positive in the PNS group, whereas serum IgG was positive for all patients. Furthermore, our data showed for the first time that none of the COVID-19 patients had positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in EPS. To this end, this study found the negativity of SARS-CoV-2 in EPS and possibly exclude the sexual transmission of COVID-19.The Middle Aortic Syndrome (MAS) is an uncommon clinical expression as a result of isolated stenosis or complete occlusion of the descending thoracic and/or abdominal aorta; Takayasu's Arteritis (TA) is a rare vasculitis and a recognized etiology of MAS. We herein present the case of a 52 year old woman with refractory renovascular hypertension and progressive bilateral lower extremity claudication, she had known history of TA. Olaparib datasheet A Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) demonstrated an aortic occlusive lesion compromising the origin of the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric and bilateral renal arteries. The patient underwent a complex aortic reconstruction with visceral and renal vessels revascularization utilizing a back table hand-crafted four branched Dacron graft through a left thoracoabdominal approach. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day five, and at 36 months from her surgery she remains symptoms-free and without antihypertensive agents.Episodic memories are formed by hippocampal binding of the "what" and "where" features of everyday events. The hippocampus minimizes interference between related similar episodic memories by pattern separation. Stress and psychopathology are associated with lowered pattern separation. While current behavioral paradigms typically use correct rejections of single object or context lures rather than composite stimuli, it is not known if object and context pattern separation differentially associate with mental health. We reasoned that an object-in-context paradigm would be more sensitive to mental health state than current implementations, given increased task demands. We found that non-clinical depression and anxiety symptom severity were associated with reduced lure rejection for both object and context and that only the object domain was associated with a concomitant increase in lure overgeneralization. Therefore, we argue that reduced lure rejection and increased overgeneralization must not be conflated. Although our object-in-context paradigm was not more sensitive to variation in mental health, we show that lure rejection and overgeneralization rate in one domain (e.g. object) was affected by the status of the other domain (e.g. context target versus lure). Finally, as several metrics of pattern separation exist in the literature, we evaluated the association of different metrics with mental health.Background Previous studies have indicated the bidirectionality between autoimmune and mental disorders. However, genetic studies underpinning the co-occurrence of the two disorders have been lacking. In this study, we examined the potential genetic contribution to the association between autoimmune and mental disorders and investigated the genetic basis of overall autoimmune disease. Methods We used diagnostic information from patients with seven autoimmune diseases and six mental disorders from the Danish population-based case-cohort sample (iPSYCH2012). We explored the epidemiological association using survival analysis and modelled the effect of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) on autoimmune and mental diseases. Genetic factors were investigated using GWAS and imputed HLA alleles in the iPSYCH cohort. Results Of 64,039 individuals, a total of 43,902 (68.6%) were diagnosed with mental disorders and 1,383 (2.2%) with autoimmune diseases. There was a significant comorbidity between the two disease classes (P=2.6l mental disorders. A GWAS of a comorbid diagnosis of an autoimmune disease and a mental disorder identified a genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 7 as well (P=1.43×10-8, OR=10.65, 95%CI=3.21-35.36). Conclusions Our findings confirm the overall comorbidity and bidirectionality between autoimmune diseases and mental disorders and identify HLA genes which are significantly associated with overall autoimmune disease. Additionally, we identified several new candidate genes for overall autoimmune disease and ranked them based on their association with the investigated diseases.The applications of viral protein cages have expanded rapidly into the fields of bionanotechnology and materials science. However, the low-cost production of viral capsid proteins (CPs) on a large scale is always a challenge. Herein, we develop a highly efficient expression system by constructing recombinant Pichia pastoris cells as a "factory" for the secretion of soluble cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) CPs. Under optimal induction conditions (0.9 mg/mL of methanol concentration at 30 °C for 96 h), a high yield of approximately 95 mg/L of CCMV CPs was harvested from the fermentation supernatant with CPs purity >90%, which has significantly simplified the rest of the purification process. The resultant CPs are employed to encapsulate Ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) via in-vitro self-assembly to prepare hybrid nanocatalyst, i.e. Ru@virus-like particles (VLPs). The catalytic activity over Ru@VLPs was evaluated by reducing 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The results indicate that, with the protection of protein cages, Ru NPs were highly stabilized during the catalytic reaction. This results in enhanced catalytic activity (reaction rate constant k = 0.14 min-1) in comparison with unsupported citrate-stabilized Ru NPs (Ru-CA) (k = 0.08 min-1). Additionally, comparatively lower activation energy over Ru@VLPs (approximately 32 kJ/mol) than that over Ru-CA (approximately 39 kJ/mol) could be attributed to the synergistic effect between Ru NPs and some functional groups such as amino groups (-NH2) on CPs that weakened the activation barrier of 4-NP reduction. Therefore, enhanced activity and decreased activation energy over Ru@VLPs demonstrated the superiority of Ru@VLPs to unsupported Ru-CA.In the present study, green fluorescence protein (GFP) was used as a candidate protein to test and optimize a robust chemical transformation procedure in P. pastoris. Towards this, it was adjudged that pretreatment of P. pastoris cells with lithium chloride (LiCl) and its optimal concentration is critical for efficient transformation. Using three different methods (M1 100 mM LiCl, 10 min, M2 1 M LiCl, 10 min and M3 1 M LiCl, 1 h), it was found that concentration and incubation time for LiCl treatment significantly affects the transformation efficiency. The transformation efficiency (transformants/μg DNA) was observed to be 1.01 × 102, 5.07 × 103 and 6.52 × 103 using methods M1, M2 and M3, respectively, indicating the superiority of M3. Moreover, presence of the GFP gene in the positive transformants was confirmed using a novel colony PCR method where the colonies were treated with LiCl prior to GFP specific amplification. Also, it was established using fluorescence microscopy and western blot analysis that increasing zeocin concentration as a post transformational vector amplification (PTVA) strategy increased the fluorescence and gene expression, respectively.
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