Notes

Characterisation involving myxozoan wildlife involving traditional western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis (Baird as well as Gerard) (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae), inhabiting new catfish fish ponds throughout Ms, United states of america.
Evidence is limited for pulmonary surveillance.
Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) is not recommended for average-risk women with breast cancer due to lack of evidence for survival benefit, yet recent studies demonstrate increasing CPM rates.

We identified patients with breast cancer treated with unilateral mastectomy (UM) with or without CPM. Rates of malignancy in CPM specimens and factors in CPM rates were assessed.

From 2013 to 2017, 1353 patients had UM and 355 had CPM. Our institution's occult malignancy detection rate was 5.04%. CPM rates decreased from 31.6% to 17.3% (p<0.001) over 5 years. Compared to patients receiving UM only, patients receiving CPMs had significantly higher reconstruction rates (p<0.001), which did not significantly change over time (p=0.551) and tended to be younger (p<0.001).

Patients having UM have low risk of contralateral malignancy. CPM is associated with younger age and breast reconstruction, suggesting factors to identify for patient and provider education.
Patients having UM have low risk of contralateral malignancy. CPM is associated with younger age and breast reconstruction, suggesting factors to identify for patient and provider education.
This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of combined low-dose everolimus and low-dose tacrolimus compared with standard-dose tacrolimus in attenuating left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT).

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) such as tactrolimus are important in preventing cardiac allograft rejection and reducing mortality after OHT. However CNIs are causatively linked to the development of LVH, and are associated with nephrotoxicity and vasculopathy. CNI-sparing agents such as everolimus have been hypothesized to inhibit adverse effects of CNIs.

In this prospective, randomized, open-label study, OHT recipients were randomized at 12weeks after OHT to a combination of low-dose everolimus and tacrolimus (the RADTAC group) or standard-dose tacrolimus (the TAC group), with both groups coadministered mycophenolate and prednisolone. The primary endpoint was LVH indexed as the change in left ventricular mass (ΔLVM) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imag3.1 ± 19.9 μmol/l vs. 9 ± 21.8μmol/l; p=0.31), frequency of rejection episodes (p=0.69), or frequency of infections (p=0.67) between groups.

The combination of low-dose everolimus and tacrolimus compared with standard-dose tacrolimus safely attenuates LVH in the first year after cardiac transplantation with an observed reduction in CMR-measured fibrosisand an improvement in myocardial strain.
The combination of low-dose everolimus and tacrolimus compared with standard-dose tacrolimus safely attenuates LVH in the first year after cardiac transplantation with an observed reduction in CMR-measured fibrosis and an improvement in myocardial strain.
The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Standards 2016 emphasize the incorporation of a co-curriculum in pharmacy education. However, how students perceive the value of these activities is still unclear. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe how students perceive co-curricular involvement, (2) identify barriers that impede student engagement in co-curricular activities, and (3) assess the influence of co-curricular activities on academic performance.

A literature search was conducted using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Academic Search Complete, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest Central databases. Search terms used within each database were "co-curricular" AND "pharmacy learning OR pharmacy education OR pharmacy student." Studies were included in the review if they addressed pharmacy student perceptions of or barriers to co-curricular activity.

Eleven studies met the criteria for inclusion. Student perceptions of co-curricular actiys supported in a didactic curriculum. Incorporating co-curricular activity is justified from the student perspective in the framework of pharmacy student development and maturation.
The purpose of this article is to reflect on the use of journal club exams in an evidence-based health care course for student pharmacists.

Three journal club exams were developed and administered one on a randomized controlled trial, one on an observational study, and one on a meta-analysis. Prior to each exam, students were given about one week to evaluate a study on their own and in collaboration with their peers. The exam consisted of 25 multiple-choice questions that were specific to the study. Students completed the exam on an individual basis, while referring to an unmarked copy of the study. After each exam, a journal club presentation on the study was given by the instructor.

An analysis of the experience provided valuable insights. Journal club exams seemed to promote students' thorough reading of studies, extensive discussion of studies with peers, and active engagement during journal club presentations. However, the exams created some concerns for students and required a high workload for the instructor.

Journal club exams may be a useful tool to teach evaluation of primary literature in an evidence-based health care course for student pharmacists.

Faculty who are interested in this unique approach should carefully consider the advantages and disadvantages that were described in this reflection.
Faculty who are interested in this unique approach should carefully consider the advantages and disadvantages that were described in this reflection.Introduction and leadership framework With the increased expectation that pharmacy education should prepare students to become pharmacy leaders, schools of pharmacy are struggling to find ways to incorporate leadership topics. CQ211 One way to incorporate content is to build co-curricular programs that introduce and practice leadership frameworks. The co-curricular program described in this study introduces leadership content using Kouzes and Posner's Student Leadership Challenge. Educational context and methods Students were offered three workshops developed around the Five Practices framework. Each workshop provided background knowledge before engaging in self-reflection, discussion, and application activities. Students participated in a pre-/post-series assessment of leadership practices, as well as surveys after each workshop assessing achievement of learning outcomes. Findings and discussion Average attendance at the workshops was 68, with participation from all professional years. A total of 43 students participated in the entire series and completed the pre- and post-surveys.
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