Notes

Effectiveness of therapy interventions with regard to injuries inside dancing ballerinas: A systematic evaluation.
To analyze and compare the radiation dose and image quality of different CT scanning modes on head-neck CT angiography.

A total of 180 patients were divided into Group A and Group B. The groups were further subdivided according to different scanning modes subgroups A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, and B3. Subgroups A1 and B1 used conventional CT protocol, subgroups A2 and B2 used the kV-Assist scan mode, and subgroups A3 and B3 used the dual-energy gemstone spectral imaging protocol. The CT dose index and dose-length product were recorded. The objective image quality and subjective image evaluation was conducted by two independent radiologists.

The signal-to-noise ratios, contrast-to-noise ratios, and subjective scores of subgroups A3 and B3 were higher than the other subgroups. In subgroups B1 and B2, the subjective scores of 9 patients and 12 patients were lower than 3, respectively. The subjective scores of subgroups B1 and B2 were lower than the other subgroups. There was no statistically significant difference in signal-to-noise ratios, contrast-to-noise ratios, and subjective scores between subgroups A1 and A2. The effective dose of subgroup A2 was 41.7 and 36.4% lower than that in subgroups A1 and A3, respectively (
< 0.05). In Group B, there were no statistically significant differences in CT dose indexvol, dose-length product, and ED among the subgroups (
> 0.05).

In the head-neck CT angiography, the kV-Assist scan mode is recommended for patients with body mass index between 18.5 and 34.9 kg m
; gemstone spectral imaging scanning mode is recommended for patients with body mass index ≥34.9 kg m
.
In the head-neck CT angiography, the kV-Assist scan mode is recommended for patients with body mass index between 18.5 and 34.9 kg m-2; gemstone spectral imaging scanning mode is recommended for patients with body mass index ≥34.9 kg m-2.Pathologic involvement of the peritoneum can result from a wide variety of conditions, including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities. Neoplastic involvement of the peritoneal ligaments, mesenteries, and spaces from malignant spread of epithelial cancers, termed peritoneal carcinomatosis, is frequently encountered at CT evaluation. However, a host of other more unusual benign and malignant neoplasms can manifest with peritoneal disease, including both primary and secondary peritoneal processes, many of which can closely mimic peritoneal carcinomatosis at CT. In this review, we discuss a wide array of unusual peritoneal-based neoplasms that can resemble the more common peritoneal carcinomatosis. Beyond reviewing the salient features for each of these entities, particular emphasis is placed on any specific clinical and CT imaging clues that may allow the interpreting radiologist to appropriately narrow the differential diagnosis and, in some cases, make an imaging-specific diagnosis.
To compare the two-point Dixon

weighted imaging (

WI) with conventional fat-sat

WI in fat suppression (FS) quality and staging performance for patients with TAO.

We enrolled 37 thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients and 15 healthy controls who underwent both coronal two-point Dixon and fat-sat

WI. Qualitative (overall imaging quality, FS uniformity) and quantitative [signal intensity ratio of extraocular muscle (EOM-SIR)] parameters were assessed between the two-point Dixon

WI and fat-sat

WI. Additionally, water fraction of intraorbital fat (IF-WF) was measured on Dixon image. Dixon-EOM-SIR, Fat-sat-EOM-SIR and Dixon-IF-WF values were compared between active and inactive TAO groups, and the diagnostic efficiency for the active phase were evaluated.

Two-point Dixon

WI showed significantly higher overall image quality score, FS uniformity score as well as EOM-SIR value than fat-sat

WI in both TAO and control groups (all
< 0.05). Active TAOs had significantlyat-sat T2WI. Dixon-EOM-SIR alone demonstrated the highest staging sensitivity. Combining with Dixon-IF-WF showed improved staging efficiency and specificity. Dixon T2WI is suggested to be used to evaluate TAO patients in clinical practice.
To investigate the effect of reducing pixel size on the consistency of radiomic features and the diagnostic performance of the downstream radiomic signatures for the invasiveness for pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) on CTs.

We retrospectively collected the clinical data of 182 patients with GGNs on high resolution CT (HRCT). The CT images of different pixel sizes (0.8mm, 0.4mm, 0.18 mm) were obtained by reconstructing the single HRCT scan using three combinations of field of view and matrix size. For each pixel size setting, radiomic features were extracted for all GGNs and radiomic signatures for the invasiveness of GGNs were built through two modeling pipelines for comparison.

The study finally extracted 788 radiomic features. 87% radiomic features demonstrated inter pixel size variation. By either modeling pipeline, the radiomic signature under small pixel size performed significantly better than those under middle or large pixel sizes in predicting the invasiveness of GGNs (
's value <0.05 by Delong test). With the independent modeling pipeline, the three pixel size bounded radiomic signatures shared almost no common features.

Reducing pixel size could cause inconsistency in most radiomic features and improve the diagnostic performance of the downstream radiomic signatures. Particularly, super HRCTs with small pixel size resulted in more accurate radiomic signatures for the invasiveness of GGNs.

The dependence of radiomic features on pixel size will affect the performance of the downstream radiomic signatures. The future radiomic studies should consider this effect of pixel size.
The dependence of radiomic features on pixel size will affect the performance of the downstream radiomic signatures. G Protein antagonist The future radiomic studies should consider this effect of pixel size.
This study aimed to develop a predictive risk model for post-ablation hemobilia.

This was a retrospective, multicenter, matched case-control study. The case group comprised patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who developed post-ablation hemobilia (
= 21); the control group (
= 63) comprised patients with hepatocellular carcinoma but no post-ablation hemobilia; for each case, we included three controls matched for age, sex, platelet count, year of ablation therapy, and center. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for hemobilia. A risk score model was developed based on adjusted odds ratios (ORs).

The independent risk factors for occurrence of post-ablation hemobilia were maximum tumor diameter >47 mm [OR = 5.983, 95% CI (1.134-31.551)] and minimum distance from the applicator to the portal trunk ≤8 mm [OR = 4.821, 95% CI (1.225-18.975)]. The risk model was developed using the adjusted ORs; thus a score of 6 was assigned to the former and a score of 5 for the latter. The area under the curve of this risk model was 0.76. Significant hemodynamic instability and inaccurate embolization might increase the risk of recurrence of hemobilia.

Tumor size >47 mm and distance of the applicator from the portal trunk ≤8 mm are independent risk factors for hemobilia. A predictive risk model for post-ablation hemobilia was developed using these risk factors.

This is the first study that developed a risk score model of post-ablation hemobilia. Risk factors of the recurrence of post-ablation hemobilia were also been identified.
This is the first study that developed a risk score model of post-ablation hemobilia. Risk factors of the recurrence of post-ablation hemobilia were also been identified.
Gallium has demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory activity in numerous animal studies, and has also demonstrated direct antiviral activity against the influenza A H1N1 virus and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Gallium maltolate (GaM), a small metal-organic coordination complex, has been tested in several Phase 1 clinical trials, in which no dose-limiting or other serious toxicity was reported, even at high daily oral doses for several months at a time. For these reasons, GaM may be considered a potential candidate to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and can result in severe, sometimes lethal, inflammatory reactions. In this study, we assessed the ability of GaM to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in a culture of Vero E6 cells.

The efficacy of GaM in inhibiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 was determined in a screening assay using cultured Vero E6 cells. The cytotoxicity of GaM in uninfected cells was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) colorimetric assay.

The results showed that GaM inhibits viral replication in a dose-dependent manner, with the concentration that inhibits replication by 50% (EC
) being about 14 µM. No cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations up to at least 200 µM.

The
activity of GaM against SARS-CoV-2, together with GaM's known anti-inflammatory activity, provide justification for testing GaM in COVID-19 patients.
The in vitro activity of GaM against SARS-CoV-2, together with GaM's known anti-inflammatory activity, provide justification for testing GaM in COVID-19 patients.Dietary intake requires attention in the treatment of both eating disorders and type 1 diabetes (T1D) to achieve optimal outcomes. Nutritional management of both conditions involves encouraging a wide variety of healthful foods in the context of usual cultural and family traditions. In recent times, low carbohydrate diets have seen a rise in popularity, both in T1D and in the general population. Low carbohydrate diets involve dietary restriction, although the extent depends on the level of carbohydrate prescription. Although dietary restriction is a known risk factor for eating disorders, there is limited literature on the impact of following a low carbohydrate diet on the development and maintenance of eating disorders in T1D. The aim of this review is to discuss the impact of dietary restriction on the development and treatment of eating disorders and propose considerations to enable optimum health outcomes in individuals with T1D, an at risk group. In order to achieve this, clarity regarding strategies that allow both flexibility in dietary intake and facilitate healthy eating behaviours, whilst achieving glycaemic targets, are required.
Defining the posterior extent of breast cancer prior to surgery has clinical implications. However, there are limited data available to guide the interpretation of breast cancers seen on MRI that abut the pectoralis muscle but lack associated muscle enhancement.

In this retrospective study of breast MRIs performed between May 2008 and July 2019, 43 female patients demonstrated breast cancers abutting the pectoralis muscle without enhancement of the muscle itself. Imaging features of the cancers as well as pathologic and clinical outcomes were recorded. Statistical analyses of associations between imaging findings and clinical outcomes were performed using Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, a Mann-Whitney
test and/or Student's
-test.

The pectoralis major muscle was pathologically invaded by carcinoma in 4/43 (9.3%). There was no significant association between pectoralis muscle invasion and any MR imaging feature of the breast cancer. Tumors causing deformation of the muscle contour by MRI, tumors larger in size, tumors with a larger extent abutting the muscle and tumors in which the imaging feature abutting the muscle was a mass or non-mass enhancement (rather than a spicule) were more commonly seen in patients with muscle invasion, although these did not reach statistical significance (
> 0.
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