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Morphological appearance of the epididymal tubules encountered at the time of microsurgical vasoepididymal anastomosis (VEA) is quite variable. They are the indicators of underlying etiology as well as guide further course of management. We present three cases of obstructive azoospermia with three different morphologies encountered during the microsurgical VEA. As the etiologies encountered in our setup are different from that of the western world, this report highlights the morphological variation of tubules encountered in our subpopulation. This also helps us in deciding the customization of microsurgical VEA accordingly.Isolated Fallopian tube torsion (IFTT) is a rare entity with utmost important gynecological emergency with difficult preoperative diagnosis. Our aim is to analyze the clinical presentation, risk factors, and management of IFTT. We retrospectively analyzed all patients with intraoperative diagnosis of IFTT in our endogynecological department over a time period of 3 years and 6 months (January 2015-June 2018) in a tertiary level laparoscopic center. The clinical profile of the patients was analyzed and the results formulated. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS system, Version 15.00 (SPSS Inc., Chicago). A total 17 cases were diagnosed with IFTT with or without pathology. The mean age was 28.07 ± 11.3 years. Lower abdominal pain was the most common symptom (88%). About 47% had a history of tubal ligation. Salpingectomy was done in the majority of the patients (82.3%). Detorsion and preservation of the tube was possible in 17.6% of the cases. High index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this rare cause of acute abdomen. Hence, an early intervention can enhance the salvageability of the affected tubes which has a positive impact on the fertility status of the patients. Tubal preservation is the preferred procedure of choice whenever feasible.
The primary objective is to compare live birth rates (LBRs) following frozen embryo transfer (FET) of euploid day 5 with day 6 blastocysts. We also compared LBRs following FET of untested blastocysts vitrified on day 5 and day 6 in self-oocyte and ovum donation (OD) cycles.

This was a retrospective observational study.

Nova IVF Fertility, Ahmedabad.

Ninety-seven FET using self-oocytes following preimplantation genetic testing A (PGT-A), 464 FET following OD, and 907 FET using self-oocytes without PGT-A testing between January 2016 and December 2017 were included in this study.

LBR following FET in day 5 versus day 6 blastocysts in euploid embryos using self-oocytes and in untested embryos using both self and donor oocytes.

In PGT-A cycles, no statistically significant difference was observed in LBRs following transfer of euploid blastocysts developed on day 5 or day 6 (D5 53%; D640%,
= 0.83). However, the LBRs with day 5 blastocysts were higher compared with day 6 group in untested group using both self and donor oocytes (self D5 52.7%; D6 38.2%;
= 0.001 and OD D5 44.7%; D6 29.8%;
= 0.001). Miscarriage rates were comparable in both the groups.

The present study demonstrated comparable pregnancy outcomes following FET of euploid embryos vitrified on day 5 and day 6. L-NAME inhibitor However, higher LBRs were reported in day 5 group in untested embryos.
The present study demonstrated comparable pregnancy outcomes following FET of euploid embryos vitrified on day 5 and day 6. However, higher LBRs were reported in day 5 group in untested embryos.
This study aims to study the effect of follicular flushing at oocyte retrieval on Assisted Reproductive Technique (ART) outcomes in poor responders undergoing
fertilization.

A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in the ART center of our hospital.

A total of 71 patients who responded poorly during controlled ovarian stimulation were recruited. Patients were randomized to follicular flushing or to direct aspiration group. The primary outcomes of the study were the total number of oocytes retrieved and the number of metaphase (M II) oocytes retrieved. Secondary outcomes were anesthesia time, procedure time, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, total number of embryos, number of embryos transferred, number of Grade 1 embryos, failed oocyte recovery, failed fertilization, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate.

Chi-square test and Student's
-test.

The total number of oocytes retrieved, number of M II oocytes, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, total number of embryos, number of Grade 1 embryos, failed oocyte recovery, failed fertilization, implantation rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate were comparable between the two groups. The anesthesia and procedure time was significantly higher in the flushing group.

Follicular flushing does not result in a significant improvement in the ART outcomes despite increasing procedure and anesthesia times.Trial registration number CTRI/2017/07/009062.
Follicular flushing does not result in a significant improvement in the ART outcomes despite increasing procedure and anesthesia times.Trial registration number CTRI/2017/07/009062.
Use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is generally considered redundant in cases of normozoospermia, or mild male factor cases of infertility and conventional method of insemination is advocated. However, there is a risk of low fertilization or total fertilization failure (TFF) and to avoid this, split
fertilization (IVF)-ICSI method of insemination is advised. In our study, we have shown that not only TFF is avoided with split method of insemination, but also cancellation of embryo transfer (ET) can be avoided in a significant number of IVF cycles.

This study aimed to assess whether the IVF-ICSI split insemination method was able to reduce the risk of ET cancellation in couples with normal or mild sperm characteristics.

It is a retrospective study including a total of 107 split insemination cycles done at our center.

The female partner's age was under 37 years, and at least ten oocytes were retrieved in all cycles. Sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to IVF or ICSI. Statistical analysmethod. "Split IVF-ICSI" approach can save a significant number of ART cycles and is found to be cost-effective as it avoids incurring the cost of two ART cycles.
Ca
signaling pathway is suggested to play an essential role in mediating oocyte maturation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate intracellular Ca
of resistant immature oocytes that failed to resume meiosis following subsequent
culture reach metaphase II after calcium ionophore A23187 activation.

This
analytical experimental study was conducted at Animal Science Laboratory of Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Human Reproductive Infertility and Family Planning of IMERI, and Electrophysiology Imaging of Terpadu Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia.

A total of 308 oocytes classed as resistant immature following
culture were randomly allocated to control (
= 113) and treatment groups (
= 195). The oocyte activation group was exposed to A23187 solution for 15 min and then washed extensively. Maturation was evaluated by observing the first polar body extrusion 20‒24 h after A23187 exposure. Ca
imaging was conducted using a confocal laser scanning microscope to identify the dynamic of Ca
response.

SPSS 20, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used in this study.

Activation of resistant immature oocytes with A23187 significantly increased the number of oocyte maturation compared with the control group (
< 0.001). link2 Furthermore, fluorescent intensity measurements exhibited a significant increase in the germinal vesicle stage when activated (
= 0.005), as well as the metaphase I stage, even though differences were not significant (
= 0.146).

Artificial activation of resistant immature oocyte using chemical A23187/calcimycin was adequate to initiate meiosis progress.
Artificial activation of resistant immature oocyte using chemical A23187/calcimycin was adequate to initiate meiosis progress.
In controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles, 15% of oocytes have been proven to be immature. Key factors include failure in signal transmission from the cumulus cell to the oocyte, insufficient level of luteinizing hormone, and internal conditions of the oocyte itself.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the
maturity of partially cumulus-denuded immature oocytes collected after controlled ovarian stimulation for
fertilization (IVF).

This was a prospective, randomized controlled design at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, university hospital.

Infertile women underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist stimulated protocol for IVF with final maturation triggered by hCG, partially cumulus-denuded immature human oocytes were allocated to two groups the first was treated with fertilization medium and the second was treated with fertilization medium and hCG. link3 They were cultured for 24 h. Outcomes measured were the oocylemented medium had a higher quality based on the measured G6PD activity.
Premature ejaculation (PME) can be defined as a lack in the normal voluntary control over ejaculation. It is the most common sexual dysfunction encountered by the male populace. In general, these patients presents with distress. Hence, a novel treatment to eliminate their problem is required. Although the role of SSRI has already been established, the high discontinuation rate and other types of sexual dysfunctions associated with SSRIs reduce their efficacy in controlling this menace. Levosulpiride is a new drug indicated in treatment of PE.

The objective is to study the efficacy of levosulpiride; paroxetine and their comparison in patients of PE.

Index of premature ejaculation (IPE) and intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) were used. A total of 36 patients (18 in each group) were included. The patients were assessed at baseline; at 4 weeks' and at 8 weeks' interval.

On comparison the score of IPE in domains of ejaculation control, sexual satisfaction, and the total score of IPE were statistically significant on all the three visits. However, the distress score of IPE and the IELT score were statistically not significant between the two groups.

No doubt both agents are efficacious in patients of PME but paroxetine is more efficacious than levosulpiride. At the same time, levosulpiride is a lesser studied and used drug hence more research should be done for it.
No doubt both agents are efficacious in patients of PME but paroxetine is more efficacious than levosulpiride. At the same time, levosulpiride is a lesser studied and used drug hence more research should be done for it.
In the last 10 years, assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have offered infertile couples an opportunity to complete their reproductive project. However, the high failure rate could be explained with the complex human reproduction system. In ART, the decrease of the success is due to the conditions far from the natural ones.

The aim of this study is to evaluate deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage of spermatozoa before and after selection procedures, using a new technique able to quantize sperm DNA damage.

They were involved 43 males domiciled permanently in two areas with different Environmental Impact, HEI (high environmental impact) and LEI (Low environmental impact), they are aged between 24 and 31 years with various degrees of dyspermia.

The 43 males were divided into two groups 21 in Group A (EIL) and 22 in Group B (EIH). The samples must be aliquoted into parts of 0.5 mL Group (a) Control, no processing; Group (b) Swim-up (SUP) from semen; Group (c) classic SUP; Group (d) density gradient centrifugation (DGC).
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