Notes

Visual acuity correlates along with multimodal imaging-based kinds of core serous chorioretinopathy.
The surgical approach for excision of caudal thigh intermuscular lipomas (IML) in dogs is described with relevant anatomy and short-term outcomes reported. Medical records were reviewed to identify dogs that underwent IML excision between 2015 to 2019. Signalment, location of the lipoma, pre-operative diagnostic tests, histopathology results, use of a closed-suction drain, and follow-up information including drain and suture removal were recorded. Mean age of patients in this study was 8.7 years. Multiple breeds were affected and there was no predilection for either left or right hind limb. Pre-operative diagnostic tests included fine-needle aspirate, radiography, peripheral ultrasonography, and/or computed tomography scan. In 45% (5/11) of the cases, a closed suction drain was placed. All masses removed were deemed grossly consistent with a lipoma by the attending clinician and 5 were confirmed by histopathology. No complications were noted in any case. Removal of caudal thigh IML requires careful identification of and dissection around the sciatic nerve, which is easily achieved with appropriate knowledge of the relevant anatomy and surgical approach.In Canada, piglets receive analgesia to control pain after surgical castration. There is interest in examining the potential to mix non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with iron dextran prior to injection to minimize piglet handling and labor. The objective of this study was to compare pharmacokinetics and the relative bioavailability of ketoprofen given alone (3.0 mg/kg IM) versus the same dose of ketoprofen mixed with iron dextran (52.8 mg/kg IM) (ketoprofen + iron dextran) before injection in piglets. Piglets 8 to 11 d old were allocated into 2 treatment groups (n = 8/group). Pentetic Acid order Plasma drug concentrations were measured using mass spectrometry at 13 time points after injection. No significant differences were detected between the 2 groups when examining pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g., Cmax, Tmax, AUC) or relative bioavailability for either S- or R-ketoprofen enantiomers (P > 0.05). However, pain control efficacy and food safety studies of these formulations are required to further examine this practice.The objectives of this study were to validate the 2.0 mm Endo GIA stapler for lung lobectomies and to compare procedural time and air leakage incidence with suture ligation. Sixteen canine cadavers, 18 to 27 kg, were randomly assigned to undergo lung lobectomy of the right middle lung lobe through intercostal thoracotomy, after which suture ligation or the 2.0 mm Endo GIA stapler was used. Procedural time was recorded. Following the lobectomy, the thoracic cavity was filled with fluid. Positive pressure ventilation was used to hold pressure at 20 cm H2O for 5 minutes. The bronchus was assessed for air leakage as evidenced by visualization of gas bubbles and the ability to maintain positive pressure. Procedural time and air leakage incidence were compared between groups. By these assessments, the 2.0 mm Endo GIA stapler was successful for lung lobectomies in all cadavers. There was no significant difference (t = -0.856, P = 0.407) in body weight by procedure assignment. Procedural time was significantly shorter (P less then 0.0001) using the Endo GIA stapler compared to suture ligation. There was no significant correlation (r = 0.044, P = 0.873) between body weight and procedural time. There were no incidents of air leakage in either group. The 2.0 mm Endo GIA stapler may be used as an alternative device for lung lobectomies in canine cadavers. Smaller staples may provide more complete compression of hilar vessels and bronchi, resulting in reduced hemorrhage, air leakage, and thoracic contamination in cases with infection or neoplasia.Tetanus can lead to respiratory complications, and the outcome of dogs affected by this disease is still largely unknown. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the frequency and outcome of 53 dogs with tetanus and respiratory complications between February 2006 and January 2019. Medical records from dogs diagnosed with tetanus admitted to a referral teaching hospital were reviewed. Fifty-three dogs were diagnosed with tetanus and respiratory complications were observed in 26.4% (14/53) of dogs; 8 developed aspiration pneumonia (AP), 5 developed upper airway obstruction (UAO) and 1 dog developed both. A total of 5 AP dogs were mechanically ventilated. Three dogs with UAO had tracheostomy tubes placed. Dogs with respiratory complications had a poorer outcome, with only 14.3% (2/14) surviving to discharge, compared to 94.8% (37/39) for dogs with no respiratory complications. Respiratory complications such as AP and UAO were common in dogs with tetanus, and this was associated with a poorer outcome.The veterinary profession, from acceptance to veterinary college to retirement, has experienced extensive organizational change in the past 3 decades. This paper is an attempt to understand the context and complexity of national workforce planning in veterinary medicine in Canada. It identifies the obvious practical and ethical considerations, exposing inherent problems in guiding the future of the profession. The discourse concludes there is a structural deficiency in veterinary education program capacity in Canada (practical fact) and Canadian youth may have increasingly difficult access to tertiary education (ethical concern). Adaptation, rather than planning, characterizes current practices in which migration of foreign-trained veterinarians mitigates the structural deficiency in training capacity. Due to the pervasive adoption of neo-liberal marketing principles in tertiary education, a nationally self-sufficient Canadian veterinary college infrastructure is an unlikely future possibility. Our current system, reliant on migration of internationally trained professionals, raises questions of global justice and individual rights. Strategic solutions require reflection on veterinary professional identity, broad discussion, and a commitment to a rigorous concept of professional responsibilities, global citizenship, and the public good.A 3-year-old Quarter Horse gelding was evaluated for chronic weight loss, diarrhea, and pruritus. Physical examination revealed several ulcerative lesions on the skin and mucosal membranes. Diagnostic imaging findings were consistent with enteritis, typhlitis, and colitis. Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED) was diagnosed upon necropsy. This disease may be considered a form of equine inflammatory bowel disease complex which can be challenging to diagnose, requiring histological assessment, and in some cases, the use of immunohistochemical markers. Key clinical message Multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease is challenging to diagnose but should be considered in horses with chronic weight loss that fail to respond to conventional treatment for concurrent diarrhea and skin lesions.A 13-year-old, male Pomeranian dog was presented for scleral rupture with intraocular hemorrhage and retinal detachment in the right eye. After intrascleral silicone ball prosthesis, recurrent swelling and granulomatous blepharitis were observed for 140 d and finally melting keratitis developed. Although an intraorbital prosthesis was implanted, recurrent, serious, erosive, and ulcerative blepharitis developed with high plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. Since the blepharitis could not be controlled, the silicone ball was removed and the affected orbit was debrided. The blepharitis resolved rapidly, and the orbit healed routinely. Positive allergic reactions to silicone were discovered through a patch test. Key clinical message To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on silicone allergy in a dog with positive allergic reactions to silicone in the patch test.A 7-month-old castrated French bulldog was presented with a left-sided mandibular tumor. The initial tumor biopsy diagnosis was ameloblastoma. The owner brought this dog the Kitasato University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for more detailed examination and treatment. Computed tomography revealed a tumor on the left lateral mandibular gingiva from the caudal third of the incisor tooth to the right canine tooth, associated with severe amorphous osteolysis of the mandibular bone. The tumor was surgically excised and diagnosed as papillary squamous cell carcinoma. link2 Currently, 2514 d (6.9 y) since the operation, the dog is healthy, without recurrence. Key clinical message Although papillary squamous cell carcinoma is rare, many cases have been reported in the oral cavity of medium-to large-sized dogs. Based on this report, papillary squamous cell carcinoma can occur in small dogs such as young French bulldogs and a good prognosis can be achieved with proper resection.A 13-year-old spayed female dog was referred for a history of tachypnea and dyspnea. Severe pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed based on tricuspid regurgitation velocities and 2-dimensional echocardiography. Left atrial size was normal at the time of this diagnosis. However, following treatment with a selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, echocardiography revealed unmasking of left heart dilation. Key clinical message If phosphodiesterase inhibition therapy is deemed appropriate in patients with hemodynamically important myxomatous mitral valvular disease, using the lowest effective dosage and careful monitoring with echocardiography ± thoracic radiographs should be considered.
COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have put into great difficulty health professionals, and the general population, fostering the emergence of various psychological and psychiatric disorders. Medical and psychological emergency units' mission is the medical and psychological emergency care of people impacted during a traumatic event. Given their expertise in crisis management, they set up an important medical and psychological support system adapted to the health crisis' characteristics. The unusual modalities of intervention, the specific clinic that these professionals faced in this context of great tension may have unsettled workers and generate a psychological impact. This study aims to assess the existence of such repercussions among medical and psychological emergency unit professionals involved in this new system.

In all, 313 medical and psychological emergency unit professionals agreed to participate at the online survey. They filled surveys and visual analog scales assessing the difficulties tective effect on the participants.Various environmental stressors, such as extreme temperatures (hot and cold), pathogens, predators and insufficient food, can threaten life. Remarkable progress has recently been made in understanding the central circuit mechanisms of physiological responses to such stressors. A hypothalamomedullary neural pathway from the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) to the rostral medullary raphe region (rMR) regulates sympathetic outflows to effector organs for homeostasis. link3 Thermal and infection stress inputs to the preoptic area dynamically alter the DMH → rMR transmission to elicit thermoregulatory, febrile and cardiovascular responses. Psychological stress signalling from a ventromedial prefrontal cortical area to the DMH drives sympathetic and behavioural responses for stress coping, representing a psychosomatic connection from the corticolimbic emotion circuit to the autonomic and somatic motor systems. Under starvation stress, medullary reticular neurons activated by hunger signalling from the hypothalamus suppress thermogenic drive from the rMR for energy saving and prime mastication to promote food intake.
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