Notes

3 challenges on the complementarity from the common sense along with the pragmatics of research.
To assess whether a FiASP-and-pramlintide closed-loop system has the potential to replace carbohydrate counting with a simple meal announcement (SMA) strategy (meal priming bolus without carbohydrate counting) without degrading glycaemic control compared with a FiASP closed-loop system.

We conducted a 24-hour feasibility study comparing a FiASP system with full carbohydrate counting (FCC) with a FiASP-and-pramlintide system with SMA. We conducted a subsequent 12-day outpatient pilot study comparing a FiASP-and-placebo system with FCC, a FiASP-and-pramlintide system with SMA, and a FiASP-and-placebo system with SMA. Basal-bolus FiASP-and-pramlintide were delivered at a fixed ratio (1 U10 μg). Glycaemic outcomes were measured, surveys evaluated gastrointestinal symptoms and diabetes distress, and participant interviews helped establish a preliminary coding framework to assess user experience.

Seven participants were included in the feasibility analysis. Time spent in 3.9-10 mmol/L was similar between both interventions (81%-84%). Four participants were included in the pilot analysis. Time spent in 3.9-10 mmol/L was similar between the FiASP-and-placebo with FCC and FiASP-and-pramlintide with SMA interventions (70%), but was lower in the FiASP-and-placebo with SMA intervention (60%). Time less than 3.9 mmol/L and gastrointestinal symptoms were similar across all interventions. Emotional distress was moderate at baseline, after the FiASP-and-placebo with FCC and SMA interventions, and fell after the FiASP-and-pramlintide with SMA intervention. SMA reportedly afforded participants flexibility and reduced mealtime concerns.

The FiASP-and-pramlintide system has the potential to substitute carbohydrate counting with SMA without degrading glucose control.
The FiASP-and-pramlintide system has the potential to substitute carbohydrate counting with SMA without degrading glucose control.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic progressive disease with complex pathogenesis of which the bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota are involved. PTC596 cost Soyasaponins (SS) exhibits many health-promoting effects including hepatoprotection, but its prevention against NASH is unclear. This study aims to investigate the preventive bioactivities of SS monomer (SS-A
) against NASH and further clarify its mechanism by targeting the BAs and gut microbiota.

The methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-fed male C57BL/6 mice were intervened with obeticholic acid or SS-A
for 16 weeks. Hepatic pathology is assessed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. BAs in serum, liver, and colon are measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQMS). Gut microbiota in caecum are determined by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. In the MCD diet-induced NASH mice, SS-A
significantly reduces hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS) scores, and fibrosis, decreases Erysipelotrichaceae (Faecalibaculum) and Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus) and increases Desulfovibrionaceae (Desulfovibrio). Moreover, SS-A
reduces serum BAs accumulation and promotes fecal BAs excretion. SS-A
changes the BAs profiles in both liver and serum and specifically increases the taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) level. Faecalibaculum is negatively correlated with serum THDCA.

SS-A
alleviates steatohepatitis possibly through regulating BAs and gut microbiota in the MCD diet-induced NASH mice.
SS-A2 alleviates steatohepatitis possibly through regulating BAs and gut microbiota in the MCD diet-induced NASH mice.
To study whether serum estradiol (E2) levels prior to progesterone administration in the artificial endometrial preparation (AEP) of frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer affect the live birth rate.

Retrospective cohort study.

Tertiary-care academic medical centre.

A total of 3857 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles were divided into three groups <200pg/ml (n=1676); 200-399pg/ml (n=1296); and ≥400pg/ml (n=885), based on the 25th (182.3pg/ml) and 75th percentile (390.2pg/ml) of serum E2 level prior to progesterone administration.

Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed.

The primary outcome of the study was the live birth rate and the secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss rate, neonatal birthweight, Z-score, and small for gestational age (SGA).

Compared with the reference group, accounting for major covariates, the live birth rate significantly decreased in the '≥400pg/ml' group (adjusted OR0.71, 95%CI 0.59-0.85). Compared with the reference group, there was an association between the E2 level in the '≥400pg/ml' group and a decrease in the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted OR0.74, 95%CI 0.61-0.89). Compared with the reference group, the pregnancy loss rate significantly increased in the '≥400pg/ml' group (adjusted OR1.45, 95%CI 1.08-1.93). The E2 levels did not affect neonatal birthweight, Z-score, and SGA among singletons.

High serum E2 levels prior to progesterone administration in AEP are associated with a decreased live birth rate after frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer.

High serum E2 levels prior to progesterone administration in artificial FET are associated with a decreased live birth rate after frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer.
High serum E2 levels prior to progesterone administration in artificial FET are associated with a decreased live birth rate after frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer.
To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing excision of polypropylene urogynaecological mesh for pain, mesh exposure or both.

Prospective, longitudinal cohort.

Academic tertiary referral centre.

Women undergoing complete vaginal mesh excision for mesh exposure and/or pain.

Clinical and patient-reported outcomes assessing pain (visual analog scale, VAS), bother (Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory, PFDI) and functional impact (Pelvic Functional Impact Questionnaire, PFIQ) were collected at baseline, 6, 12 and 24months after complete mesh excision. Outcomes were compared by mesh type (sling, prolapse [transvaginal or sacrocolpopexy mesh], both) and complication (pain, exposure, both).

'Much better' or 'Very much better' on Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) up to 2years after removal.

Of 173 women, 48 underwent removal for pain, 27 for exposure and 98 for exposure plus pain. 'Moderate to severe' baseline symptoms were reported by 75%; the most prevalent and severe symptom was dyspareunia.
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