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Neurogranin as being a Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker for Synaptic Decrease of Pointing to Alzheimer Disease.
Four tumors with the highest p53 expression harbored likely pathogenic or pathogenic mutations. High levels of p53 expression suggest the likelihood of pathogenic TP53 alterations and, together with LVI status, could enhance early prognostication of prostate cancer progression.Polynucleotide Kinase-Phosphatase (PNKP) is a bifunctional enzyme that possesses both DNA 3'-phosphatase and DNA 5'-kinase activities, which are required for processing termini of single- and double-strand breaks generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), ionizing radiation and topoisomerase I poisons. Even though PNKP is central to DNA repair, there have been no reports linking PNKP mutations in a Microcephaly, Seizures, and Developmental Delay (MSCZ) patient to cancer. Here, we characterized the biochemical significance of 2 germ-line point mutations in the PNKP gene of a 3-year old male with MSCZ who presented with a high-grade brain tumor (glioblastoma multiforme) within the cerebellum. Functional and biochemical studies demonstrated these PNKP mutations significantly diminished DNA kinase/phosphatase activities, altered its cellular distribution, caused defective repair of DNA single/double stranded breaks, and were associated with a higher propensity for oncogenic transformation. Our findings indicate that specific PNKP mutations may contribute to tumor initiation within susceptible cells in the CNS by limiting DNA damage repair and increasing rates of spontaneous mutations resulting in pediatric glioma associated driver mutations such as ATRX and TP53.We investigate spin thermoelectric properties of a hybrid system consisting of a single-level quantum dot attached to magnetic insulator and metal electrodes. Magnetic insulator is assumed to be of ferromagnetic type and is a source of magnons, whereas metallic lead is reservoir of electrons. The temperature gradient set between the magnetic insulator and metallic electrodes induces the spin current flowing through the system. The generated spin current of magnonic (electric) type is converted to electric (magnonic) spin current by means of quantum dot. Expanding spin and heat currents flowing through the system, up to linear order, we introduce basic spin thermoelectric coefficients including spin conductance, spin Seebeck and spin Peltier coefficients and heat conductance. We analyse the spin thermoelectric properties of the system in two cases in the large ondot Coulomb repulsion limit and when these interactions are finite.The standardized precipitation index (SPI), one of the most commonly used drought indicators, is widely used in the research areas of drought analysis and drought prediction in different fields such as meteorology, agriculture, and hydrology. However, its main disadvantage is the relatively coarse time resolution of one month. To improve the time resolution of SPI to identify flash droughts, we have refined the traditional SPI calculation method and developed a new multi-scale daily SPI dataset based on data from 484 meteorological stations in mainland China from 1961 to 2018. SPI data from three different sites (located in Henan, Yunnan, and Fujian Provinces) at the three-month timescale were analyzed by comparing with historically recorded drought events. We found that the new multi-scale daily SPI can effectively capture drought events in different periods and locations and identify the specific start and end times of drought events. In short, our SPI dataset appears reasonable and capable of facilitating drought research in different fields.The role of aerobic exercise in preventing and improving non-alcoholic fatty liver has been widely established. SRA is a long non-coding RNA, which has received increasing attention due to its important role in lipid metabolism. However, it is unclear whether aerobic exercise can prevent and treat hepatic lipid accumulation via SRA. The mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows, normal control group, normal aerobic exercise group, high-fat diet group (HFD), and high-fat diet plus aerobic exercise (8 weeks, 6 days/week, 18 m/min for 50 min, 6% slope) group (HAE). After 8 weeks, the mice in the HAE group showed significant improvement in hepatic steatosis. Body weight as well as blood TC, LDL-C, and liver TG levels were significantly lower in the HAE group than in the HFD group. Compared with the HFD group, the expression of SRA was markedly suppressed and the expression of ATGL was significantly increased in the HAE group. Additionally, the JNK/P38 signaling was inhibited, the pro-inflammatory factors were down-regulated, and the anti-inflammatory factor was increased. In addition to this, the same results were shown in experiments with overexpression of SRA. The results of this study provided new support for aerobic exercise to improve hepatic lipid metabolism via lncRNA.High-quality, standardized urban canopy layer observations are a worldwide necessity for urban climate and air quality research and monitoring. The Schools Weather and Air Quality (SWAQ) network was developed and distributed across the Greater Sydney region with a view to establish a citizen-centred network for investigation of the intra-urban heterogeneity and inter-parameter dependency of all major urban climate and air quality metrics. The network comprises a matrix of eleven automatic weather stations, nested with a web of six automatic air quality stations, stretched across 2779 km2, with average spacing of 10.2 km. Six meteorological parameters and six air pollutants are recorded. The network has a focus on Sydney's western suburbs of rapid urbanization, but also extends to many eastern coastal sites where there are gaps in existing regulatory networks. Observations and metadata are available from September 2019 and undergo routine quality control, quality assurance and publication. Metadata, original datasets and quality-controlled datasets are open-source and available for extended academic and non-academic use.Miniature varifocal lenses are crucial for many applications requiring compact optical systems. Here, utilizing electro-mechanically actuated 0.5-mm aperture infrared Alvarez meta-optics, we demonstrate 3.1 mm (200 diopters) focal length tuning with an actuation voltage below 40 V. This constitutes the largest focal length tuning in any low-power electro-mechanically actuated meta-optic, enabled by the high energy density in comb-drive actuators producing large displacements at relatively low voltage. The demonstrated device is produced by a novel nanofabrication process that accommodates meta-optics with a larger aperture and has improved alignment between meta-optics via flip-chip bonding. The whole fabrication process is CMOS compatible and amenable to high-throughput manufacturing.The measurement of neutrino mass ordering (MO) is a fundamental element for the understanding of leptonic flavour sector of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Its determination relies on the precise measurement of [Formula see text] and [Formula see text] using either neutrino vacuum oscillations, such as the ones studied by medium baseline reactor experiments, or matter effect modified oscillations such as those manifesting in long-baseline neutrino beams (LB[Formula see text]B) or atmospheric neutrino experiments. Despite existing MO indication today, a fully resolved MO measurement ([Formula see text]) is most likely to await for the next generation of neutrino experiments JUNO, whose stand-alone sensitivity is [Formula see text], or LB[Formula see text]B experiments (DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande). Upcoming atmospheric neutrino experiments are also expected to provide precious information. In this work, we study the possible context for the earliest full MO resolution. A firm resolution is possible even before 2028, exploiting mainly vacuum oscillation, upon the combination of JUNO and the current generation of LB[Formula see text]B experiments (NOvA and T2K). This opportunity is possible thanks to a powerful synergy boosting the overall sensitivity where the sub-percent precision of [Formula see text] by LB[Formula see text]B experiments is found to be the leading order term for the MO earliest discovery. We also found that the comparison between matter and vacuum driven oscillation results enables unique discovery potential for physics beyond the Standard Model.We present a dataset of microelectrode array (MEA) recordings from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived and rat embryonic cortical neurons during their in vitro maturation. The data were prepared to assess extracellularly recorded spontaneous activity and to compare the functional development of these neuronal networks. In addition to recordings of spontaneous activity, we provide pharmacological responses of hPSC-derived and rat cortical cultures at their mature stage. Together with the recorded electrode raw data, we share the analysis code to form a comprehensive dataset including spike times, spike waveforms, burst activity and network synchronization metrics calculated with two different connectivity estimators. Moreover, we provide the analysis code that produced the key scientific findings published previously with this dataset. This large dataset enables investigation of the functional aspects of maturing cortical neuronal networks and provides substantial parameters to assess the differences and similarities between hPSC-derived and rat cortical networks in vitro. This publicly available dataset will be beneficial, especially for experimental and computational neuroscientists.Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a relatively recent imaging modality with increased diagnostic accuracy compared to digital mammography (DM). New deep learning (DL) models were developed that have accuracies equal to that of an average radiologist. However, most studies trained the DL models on DM images as no datasets exist for CESM images. We aim to resolve this limitation by releasing a Categorized Digital Database for Low energy and Subtracted Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography images (CDD-CESM) to evaluate decision support systems. The dataset includes 2006 images, with an average resolution of 2355 × 1315, consisting of 310 mass images, 48 architectural distortion images, 222 asymmetry images, 238 calcifications images, 334 mass enhancement images, 184 non-mass enhancement images, 159 postoperative images, 8 post neoadjuvant chemotherapy images, and 751 normal images, with 248 images having more than one finding. This is the first dataset to incorporate data selection, segmentation annotation, medical reports, and pathological diagnosis for all cases. Moreover, we propose and evaluate a DL-based technique to automatically segment abnormal findings in images.Sorghum has been widely used for liquor production and brewing, but how to make efficiently utilize sorghum straw (SS) has become an urgent problem. Meanwhile, the wastewater produced by winemaking is typical organic wastewater with a high ammonium concentration. To solve the problem of resource utilization of SS and remove ammonium from water, SS was used to prepare biochar as an adsorbent for ammonium adsorption. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the influencing factors and adsorption mechanisms of ammonium onto sorghum straw biochar (SSB). The results showed that the adsorption capacity of SSB was much higher than that of SS. The SSB pyrolyzed at 300 °C had the highest adsorption capacity. The favorable pH was 6-10, and the optimal dosage was 2.5 g/L. SNX-5422 concentration The adsorption process and behavior conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm adsorption models. The maximum ammonium adsorption capacity of SSB at 45 °C was 7.09 mg/g, which was equivalent to 7.60 times of SS. The ammonium adsorption of SS and SSB was mainly chemical adsorption.
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