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Rotaing nutritional elementary proteins amounts improve N storage involving lower legs by influencing urea-N these recycling and also nitrogen metabolic process regarding rumen germs along with epithelium.
It is revealed that the addition of nano-metallic-oxide fillers into the polymeric matrix significantly improved the overall properties of SMPCs. The tensile test confirmed that SMPC-CuFe 2 O 4 possesses a high tensile modulus and is found to be very rigid when compared to other SMPCs. The shape fixing property is found in the increasing order as follows SMPC-CuO > SMPC-Fe 2 O 3 > SMP > SMPC-CuFe 2 O 4 . The better thermal, mechanical, and shape-memory performances were shown by the SMPC-Fe 2 O 3 composite, and thus, it can be considered as the better shape-memory polymer nanocomposite among all others. An optimum storage modulus was attained by SMPC-Fe 2 O 3 among the SMPCs. More interestingly, we have developed a microvalve actuator system using SMPC-Fe 2 O 3 , which could be useful for promising microsystem applications.A flame-retardant composite was synthesized through a simple graphene oxide functionalization route with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and p-phenylenediamine. Flame experiments conducted on the synthesized composite proved its importance as tremendously resistant to fire. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows clearly that the functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) exhibits an enhanced thermal stability and better temperature resistance. A thermoset epoxy resin was prepared by incorporating different percentages (2, 5, and 10%) of FGO to diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The flame-retardant properties, thermal degradation behavior, and combustion of the DGEBA thermosets cured by m-phenylenediamine were investigated using a Bunsen burner flame approaching the flame temperature of a fire and TGA. The chemical structure of FGO was characterized with spectroscopic and imaging techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, TGA, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental mapping, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to its high flame-retardant capabilities, such a composite could promise potential applications in the manufacture of inflammable materials for different uses.This work dealt with a potential and effective method to reuse modified alginate beads after the removal of Cu(II) ions for efficient adsorption of tetracycline (TC) from aqueous solutions. The modified alginate beads were fabricated by a polyacrylamide (PAM) network interpenetrated in alginate-Ca2+ network (PAM/CA) decorated with polyethylene glycol as a pore-forming agent. The porous PAM/CA was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, adsorption stability, and reusability studies of the adsorbent toward Cu(II) ions were scrutinized. The column performance of porous PAM/CA was tested with Cu(II)-containing electroplating wastewater. After Cu(II) adsorption, the Cu(II)-adsorbed PAM/CA (PAM/CA@Cu) was applied to remove TC from aqueous solutions without any regeneration process. The effects of pH, initial TC concentration, ionic strength, and coexisting ions on the adsorption were also discussed in detail. Compared with many reported adsorbents, the PAM/CA@Cu exhibited an excellent adsorption performance toward TC with a maximum adsorption capacity of 356.57 mg/g predicted by the Langmuir model at pH 5.0 and 30 °C with the absence of coexisting ions. The possible adsorption mechanism of TC onto the PAM/CA@Cu was revealed.Drilling fluid and filtrates invasion often alter the near-wellbore flow properties during overbalanced drilling. The utilization of polymeric gels to prevent drilling fluid loss reduces the risk of formation damage caused by this alteration. In this study, the internal and external filter cake evolution by polyacrylamide (PAM) cross-linked with polyethylenimine (PEI) was investigated. The analysis conducted in this study showed that the cross-linked polymer activates and forms a mature gel inside the formation's pores. Gel also formed a dense uniform structure on the rock's surface, preventing further fluid loss. A high sealing pressure of up to 1000 psi was achieved, allowing drilling to continue without the need for additional casing string to prevent lost circulation. Moreover, the PAM/PEI formula showed less invasion of filtrate and evolution of a thin shallow internal filter cake that penetrated less than half of the filter disk thickness. In comparison to the full invasion and particle depositions that occurred with the water-based mud (WBM), the PAM/PEI formula is expected to reduce the impact of lost circulation materials (LCMs) on formation damage.In the present paper, the formation and development of cavitation inside the nozzle of an atomizer with different geometrical characteristics have been studied numerically. Different shapes of inlet nozzles and different nozzle-length-to-diameter ratios have been investigated. The developed model has been built as a three-dimensional (3D) one, where the turbulence is modeled considering large eddy simulation. The obtained computational results showed good agreement with the reported experimental results. It has been found that the occurrence of cavitation depends on the amount of energy needed to overcome the viscosity and friction between the liquid layers. The mass flowing through the nozzle decreases with increasing cavitation. The intensity of cavitation depends on the nozzle entrance shape. Sharp edges cause cavitation to occur early in the nozzle, followed by an inclined shape, and then the curved entrance. The dissipative energy in the cavitation and bubble collapse result in an increase in the turbulent kinetic energy of the issuing liquid. This causes more liquid disintegration, leading to larger spray volume and smaller droplet size. The obtained results for spray droplet size distribution have been compared with experimental data developed by other researchers, and a good agreement has also been found.The modes of occurrence of elements in coal are important not only because they can provide insights into the sources of mineral matter in coal but also because they are vital in determining the behavior of their environmental and human health impacts. Besides a number of physical and chemical analyses for determining the modes of occurrence in coal, some statistical methods have been commonly adopted to investigate elements in coal. Among many statistical methods, the hierarchy clustering algorithm is the most common method for deducing modes of occurrence of elements in coal. However, different hierarchical clustering algorithms with a number of similarity measures sometimes result in different modes of occurrence of elements in coal, and subsequently in some cases, such results could be confusing. Therefore, which algorithm is more effective in determining the modes of occurrence in coal deserves to be investigated. In this paper, the data sets of coals from the Adaohai coal mine in Inner Mongolia, China, are used for this performance evaluation. From the analytical results with the average linkage hierarchical clustering algorithm on Adaohai coal samples, many instructive and surprising insights can be concluded. For example, selenium, Be, and Tl do not appear to be in agreement with geochemical principles, that is, substituting for P, associated with rare earth elements, and occurring in Fe-sulfides, respectively. In conclusion, the average linkage hierarchical clustering algorithm with correlation similarity is much better in the analysis of the geological processes than the previous statistical method used in Adaohai coal samples, that is, centroid linkage hierarchical clustering algorithm with Pearson correlation similarity.The need to recover the graphene properties in terms of electrical and thermal conductivity calls for the application of reduction processes leading to the removal of oxygen atoms from the graphene oxide sheet surface. The recombination of carbon-carbon double bonds causes a partial recovery of the original graphene properties mainly limited by the presence of residual oxygen atoms and lattice defects. However, the loss of polar oxygen-based functional groups renders the material dispersibility rather complicated. In addition, oxygen-containing functional groups are reaction sites useful to further bind active molecules to engineer the reduced graphene sheets. For these reasons, a variety of chemical processes are described in the literature to reduce the graphene oxide. However, it is greatly important to select a chemical process enabling a thin modulation of the residual oxygen content thus tuning the properties of the final product. In this work, we will present a chemical-processing technique based on the hydroiodic acid to carefully control the degree of residual oxidation. Graphene oxides were reduced using hydroiodic acid with concentrations from 0.06 to 0.95 mol L-1. Their properties were characterized in detail and tested, and the results showed that their oxygen content was finely tuned from 33.6 to 10.7 atom %. This allows carefully tailoring the material properties with respect to the desired application, which is exemplified by the variation of the bulk resistance from 92 Ω to 14.8 MΩ of the film from the obtained rGO.A Schiff base, namely, 4-[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) amino] benzoic acid (L1), has been synthesized by the condensation reaction. It has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , UV-vis spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT/B3LYP calculations. Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that L1 exists in the zwitterionic (N-H···...O) form. selleck The supramolecular interactions were investigated by Hirshfeld surface analysis. In addition, third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of L1 were also investigated. The nonlinear refractive index (n2), nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), and the third-order NLO susceptibility (χ(3)) have been estimated at different concentrations and at different laser powers using close and openaperture Z-scan data. The values of the parameters were found to be varying almost linearly with concentration and power. The present study revealed the utility of the material for various optoelectronic devices such as optical switches, optical data storage devices, and optical sensors. The optical limiting study reveals that this material can also be exploited as an instrument protector from unwanted laser illumination. Furthermore, the NLO behavior of L1 has also been studied by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) results.Delivering therapeutics to the posterior segment of the eye is challenging due to various anatomical and physical barriers. While significant improvements have been realized by introducing direct injections to diseased sites, these approaches come with potential side effects that can range from simple inflammation to severe retinal damage. The topical instillation of drugs remains a safer and preferred alternative for patients' compliance. Here, we report the synthesis of penetratin-complexed, redox-responsive hyaluronic acid-based nanogels for the triggered release and delivery of therapeutics to the posterior part of the eye via topical application. The synthesized nanogels were shown to release their load only when exposed to a reducing environment, similar to the cytoplasm. As a model drug, visual chromophore analog, 9-cis-retinal, was loaded into nanogels and efficiently delivered to the mouse retina's photoreceptors when applied topically. Electroretinogram measurements showed a partial recovery of photoreceptor function in all treated eyes versus untreated controls.
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