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Execution as well as evaluation of travel and leisure business: Evidentiary example regarding night time market boost Taiwan.
The Korean government collects and releases sociodemographic information about people infected with COVID-19, their travel histories, and whether or not the patients wore masks. Korean mothers then upload this information on the boards of online groups called "mom cafes." Based upon a digital ethnography of 15 "mom cafes," we examine how Korean mothers understand the travel histories of virus patients and explore the relationships between morality and materiality in the context of infectious disease surveillance. The main findings reveal that mom cafe mothers form moral personhood based on information gathered about artifacts, places, and the mobility of patients. They tie patients' travel histories inextricably to moral identities. Non-maleficence is central to Korean mothers' morality. This morality appears through the material discourses of artifacts, places, and mobility. A face mask becomes one such hallmark of morality. It is a requisite for moral persons. Those who visit crowded places, such as churches, clubs, and room salons, become immoral because they can be easily infected and spread the virus to their families and communities. To mom cafe mothers, mobile patients, such as clubbers, appear less moral than those who self-quarantine due to the high infection rate of COVID-19. We conclude that morality in this context involves the materiality of artifacts, a sense of place, and the spatial mobility of people.Diarrhea is a major cause of death in calves and this is linked directly to economic loss in the cattle industry. Fermented milk replacer (FMR) has been used widely in clinical settings for calf feeding to improve its health and growth. However, the protective efficacy of FMR on calf diarrhea remains unclear. In this study, we verified the preventive effects of FMR feeding on calf diarrhea using an experimental infection model of bovine rotavirus (BRV) in newborn calves and a field study in dairy farms with calf diarrhea. In addition, we evaluated the protective efficacy of lactic acid bacteria-supplemented milk replacer (LAB-MR) in an experimental infection model. In the experimental infection, calves fed FMR or high-concentrated LAB-MR had diarrhea, but the water content of feces was lower and more stable than that of calves fed normal milk replacer. The amount of milk intake also decreased temporarily, but recovered immediately in the FMR- and LAB-MR-fed calves. As compared with the control calves, FMR- or LAB-MR-fed calves showed less severe or reduced histopathological lesions of enteritis in the intestinal mucosa. In a field study using dairy calves, FMR feeding significantly reduced the incidence of enteritis, mortality from enteritis, duration of a series of treatment for enteritis, number of consultations, and cost of medical care for the disease. These results suggest that feeding milk replacer-based probiotics to calves reduces the severity of diarrhea and tissue damage to the intestinal tract caused by BRV infection and provides significant clinical benefits to the prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea.Ensuring that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is green and low-carbon is crucial to tackling climate change while simultaneously promoting a win-win outcome of BRI countries. In recent years, China has altered its BRI Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) portfolio by reducing investment in carbon-intensive sectors and increasing it in non-carbon-intensive sectors. Therefore, it is particularly important to assess the potential of these two types of sectors in attracting China's FDI, and to identify the major determinants of investment. In our study, the results of a stochastic frontier gravity model and inefficiency model on 2008-2017 data covering 132 countries, including 98 BRI countries, show that the potential for China's FDI in non-carbon-intensive sectors is higher than that in carbon-intensive sectors. Furthermore, the determinants of China's FDI in these two types of sectors are significantly different. The study's results can be used to inform China's investment policy, and render positive contributions to the green BRI based on location and sector information.This study investigated the engine performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel blends with combined Graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GNPs) and 10% v/v dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as fuel additives as well as analysed the tribological characteristics of those blends. 10% by volume DMC was mixed with 30% palm oil biodiesel blends with diesel. Three different concentrations (40, 80 and 120 ppm) of GNPs were added to these blends via the ultrasonication process to prepare the nanofuels. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) surfactant was added to improve the stability of these blends. GNPs were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), while the viscosity of nanofuels was investigated by rheometer. UV-spectrometry was used to determine the stability of these nanoplatelets. A ratio of 14 GNP SDS was found to produce maximum stability in biodiesel. Performance and emissions characteristics of these nanofuels have been investigated in a four-stroke compression ignition engine. The maximum reduction in BSFC of 5.05% and the maximum BTE of 22.80% was for B30GNP40DMC10 compared to all other tested blends. A reduction in HC (25%) and CO (4.41%) were observed for B30DMC10, while a reduction in NOx of 3.65% was observed for B30GNP40DMC10. The diesel-biodiesel fuel blends with the addition of GNP exhibited a promising reduction in the average coefficient of friction 15.05%, 8.68% and 3.61% for 120, 80 and 40 ppm concentrations compared to B30. Thus, combined GNP and DMC showed excellent potential for utilisation in diesel engine operation.This paper investigated the performance of non-aerated microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) process in municipal wastewater treatment at different temperatures. Results showed that the 70.5%, 81.9% and 86.1% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) could be removed at 15, 22 and 30 °C, respectively, indicating that a high temperature favored removal of organics due to promoted biomass growth. selleckchem It was found that most of ammonia-N was removed via microbial assimilation by microalgae and bacteria in granules, with bacterial assimilation being dominant at the lower temperature. The phosphorus removal efficiency of 90.1% was achieved at 22 °C, with the presence of abundant Leptolyngbyales, a potential phosphorus accumulating alga. Chlorophyta grew much faster than Leptolyngbyales at 30 °C in microalgal-bacterial granules. It can be concluded that the contributions of microalgal and bacterial assimilations toward COD, ammonia and P removal appeared to be temperature-dependent, i.e. temperature could alter the symbiotic relationship between microalgae and bacteria. This study would contribute to the application of non-aerated MBGS process in municipal wastewater treatment with seasonal variation of temperature.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship of nutrient density and diet cost with anemia and iron deficiency (ID) in children.

Dietary intake data of 5- to 12-y-old children (n=578) from three independent studies in low-income communities were pooled. Nutrient densities were calculated using the Nutrient Rich Foods index and Nutrient Rich Diet index, with higher scores indicating more nutrient-dense foods and diets. Food prices and food intake data were used to calculate ratios of nutrient density to price for foods and diets. Descriptive and correlation analyses examined associations of nutrient density and diet cost with anemia and ID.

Most children (>50%) consumed starchy staples (100%), vegetables that are not vitamin A rich (63.9%), and legumes (58.1%), with mean NRF9.3 scores ranging from 31.9 to 56.3. Cheese, eggs, organ meat, fish, dark-green leafy vegetables, and vitamin A-rich vegetables and fruits had mean NRF9.3 scores ranging from 112.6 to 184.7, but each was consumed by less than a third of the children. Children with anemia or ID had lower NRD9.3 scores than children without (P < 0.001 and P=0.039, respectively). Diet cost did not differ according to anemia and iron status, but nutrient-density-to-price ratio was lower in children with anemia than without (P=0.001).

Careful selection of nutrient-dense foods as substitutes for foods with lower nutrient density could make it possible for children to consume a diet richer in specific nutrients and help prevent anemia and ID without affecting diet cost.
Careful selection of nutrient-dense foods as substitutes for foods with lower nutrient density could make it possible for children to consume a diet richer in specific nutrients and help prevent anemia and ID without affecting diet cost.Aggressive nutrition therapy is essential to improve nutrition and function in patients with malnutrition and sarcopenia. Malnutrition and sarcopenia negatively affect functional recovery and activities of daily living. Nutrition improvement is associated with better functional recovery. Target energy intake in aggressive nutrition therapy is defined as total energy expenditure (TEE) plus the amount of energy accumulated. The amount of energy accumulation per 1 kg of body weight is generally 7500 kcal. If the goal is to gain 1 kg of weight over 30 d, TEE + 250 kcal is the target daily energy intake. Aggressive nutrition therapy is implemented using a rehabilitation nutrition care process, which consists of five steps assessment and diagnostic reasoning, diagnosis, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring. Aggressive nutrition therapy sets clear goals using the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound principles. The application and effect of aggressive nutrition therapy differs depending on the etiology and condition of malnutrition. Precachexia, short bowel syndrome, and older people with mild to moderate dementia are indications for aggressive nutrition therapy. Nevertheless, aggressive nutrition therapy is usually contraindicated in cases of refractory cachexia, acute disease or injury with severe inflammation, and bedridden patients with severe dementia and reduced activity. Aggressive nutrition therapy should be combined with aggressive exercise and rehabilitation. Enhanced nutritional therapy combined with rehabilitation in patients with cerebrovascular disease, hip fracture, or acute disease is recommended in the 2018 clinical practice guidelines for rehabilitation nutrition. Further evidence for aggressive nutrition therapy is however required.
Malnutrition is frequently developed and outcome-related in patients with lung cancer (LC). Making a rapid and accurate diagnosis of malnutrition is the major concern for dietitians and clinicians.

We performed a multicenter, observational cohort study including 1219 patients with LC. Malnutrition was diagnosed using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria, and the study population was randomly divided into a training group (n=914) and a validation group (n=305). A nomogram (to diagnose malnutrition) and two decision trees (to diagnose and grade malnutrition, respectively) were independently developed and tested. A random forest algorithm was used to calculate relative variable importance.

The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria identified 292 patients with malnutrition (24%). Sex, body mass index, weight loss within 6 mo, weight loss beyond 6 mo, calf circumference, and handgrip strength to weight ratio were screened for model development. The nomogram showed good discrimination with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.
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