Notes

Epigenetic Regulating Glycosylation.
The 5-year OS, DSS, and LFP of patients undergoing TLM were 88.4%, 89.9%, and 83.5%, respectively, and the oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing TLM, VPL, and CHEP were not statistically different.

Glottic carcinoma patients with early stage treated with TLM experience satisfactory oncologic outcomes. No compelling difference in oncologic outcomes among three treatments of TLM, VPL and CHEP, as well as VPL and CHEP can be alternatives to patients who are not suitable for receiving TLM.
Glottic carcinoma patients with early stage treated with TLM experience satisfactory oncologic outcomes. No compelling difference in oncologic outcomes among three treatments of TLM, VPL and CHEP, as well as VPL and CHEP can be alternatives to patients who are not suitable for receiving TLM.
Palatal surgery remains a major option for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We sought to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of the palatopharyngeal muscle suspension suture technique (PSST) as a novel palatal surgery for patients with OSA.

Of the 816 patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) from February 1, 2017, to June 30, 2020, 30 patients with OSA who underwent PSST were retrospectively reviewed. The medical records of the patients were also recorded. Among the 30 patients with OSA, nine who underwent preoperative and postoperative PSG were analyzed.

Of the 30 patients with OSA, 28 (93.3%) were male. The mean (SD, standard deviation) age was 43.3 (12.7) years, and the mean (SD) body mass index was 27.3 (3.2). As objective parameters, the mean (SD) apnea-hypopnea index was significantly decreased from 45.9 (21.20) to 29.03 (21.62) (p<0.05) and the mean (SD) lowest oxygen saturation improved significantly from 77.6% (7.14%) to 84.6 (5.17%) (p<0.05). As a subjective parameter, the mean (SD) Epworth Sleepiness Scale score decreased significantly from 10 (4.95) to 6.9 (4.57) (p<0.05), and the mean (SD) visual analog scale score for snoring decreased significantly from 6.3 (1.8) to 3.1 (1.9) (p<0.001). No complications, such as upper airway obstruction, intractable postoperative bleeding, or velopharyngeal insufficiency, were observed in any of the patients postoperatively.

A novel palatal surgery, PSST, has numerous advantages as a useful surgical option for patients with OSA. It is minimally invasive, easy, time-saving, and relatively reversible.
A novel palatal surgery, PSST, has numerous advantages as a useful surgical option for patients with OSA. It is minimally invasive, easy, time-saving, and relatively reversible.
Actinomycosis is a granulomatous infection that rarely involves the larynx or pharynx. Three cases of actinomycosis of the larynx or pharynx from our institution were reviewed and a systematic literature review was performed to better define surgical management, antibiotic therapy, risk factors, and incidence of recurrence or complications.

PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched on November 30, 2021 using the terms "laryngeal actinomycosis", "pharyngeal actinomycosis", "actinomycosis AND larynx", and "actinomycosis AND pharynx." Articles which did not describe appropriate sites or were non-English were excluded. Results were collected for demographic information, site(s) of infection, comorbidities, lesion characteristics and treatments.

Along with three cases reported from our institution, 40 unique cases were reviewed from 37 studies for a total of 43 patients (Table 1). 34 (81.0%) of the patients were male with the highest incidence of infection in the seventh decade (54.8y and generally do not require aggressive surgical management.
We routinely apply external nasal splints after closed nasal reduction or rhinoplasty and secure the splint by transnasal suturing. We seek to describe our technique and review our experience.

A retrospective chart review was performed to review patients who had an external nasal splint secured by transnasal suturing. The technique consists of steristrips applied across the dorsum and nasal bones. The Aquaplast is molded to the nose and a 2-0 polypropylene suture on a straightened tapered needle or a Keith needle is passed through the splint, the nasal sidewalls and septum, through the splint on the contralateral side, and back again in a horizontal mattress fashion. The suture is tied down to maintain the desired shape of the splint. The splint is removed in the first postoperative followup (10-14days).

Mean patient age was 31.5years, 82 male and 18 female patients were reviewed, 67% of splints were placed for closed reduction of acute nasal trauma, and 33% placed after elective rhinoplasty for late correction of functional and cosmetic traumatic deformity. No splints were inadvertently removed by patients prior to followup. Splints were removed an average of 12days postoperatively, and mean followup was 27weeks. There were no complications related to transnasal suturing of the splint, such as skin ulceration, pressure necrosis, identifiable scarring related to the suture entry points or breathing difficulty attributable to internal nasal valve narrowing.

Transnasal suturing is a safe and reliable method for fixation of an external nasal splint.
Transnasal suturing is a safe and reliable method for fixation of an external nasal splint.
The purpose of this study was to examine the role intraoperative otolaryngology stretching microbreak (OSMB) has on musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and discomfort in otolaryngologists.

Otolaryngology procedures subject surgeons to significant amounts of pain and strain over their years of training. MSK pain is a serious concern for otolaryngologists' career longevity as well as their general wellbeing.

Participants from two different hospitals and one private practice were recruited to participate in this study. An initial ergonomic survey was obtained to assess baseline MSK pain, and its subjective impact on operative performance. The participants then completed three control days without OSMB exercises, followed by three intervention days with OSMB exercises which were completed at 20-40minute intervals. Preoperative and postoperative pain rating surveys were completed before and after each procedure and at the end of the day to determine changes in pain and/or discomfort.

Ten otolaryngologists (50% men,sts intraoperatively to improve MSK pain and overall well being.Dengue is an endemic disease in more than 100 countries, but there are few studies about the effects of hydroclimatic variability on dengue incidence (DI) in tropical dryland areas. This study investigates the association between hydroclimatic variability and DI (2008-2018) in a large tropical dryland area. The area studied comprehends seven municipalities with populations ranging from 32,879 to 2,545,419 inhabitants. First, the precipitation and temperature impacts on interannual and seasonal DI were investigated. Then, the monthly association between DI and hydroclimatic variables was analyzed using generalized least squares (GLS) regression. The model's capability to reproduce DI given the current hydroclimatic conditions and DI seasonality over the entire time period studied were assessed. No association between the interannual variation of precipitation and DI was found. However, seasonal variation of DI was shaped by precipitation and temperature. February-July was the main dengue season period. A precipitation threshold, usually above 100 mm, triggers the rapid DI rising. Precipitation and minimum air temperature were the main explanatory variables. A two-month-lagged predictor was relevant for modeling, occurring in all regressions, followed by a non-lagged predictor. The climate predictors differed among the regression models, revealing the high spatial DI variability driven by hydroclimatic variability. GLS regressions were able to reproduce the beginning, development, and end of the dengue season, although we found underestimation of DI peaks and overestimation of low DI. These model limitations are not an issue for climate change impact assessment on DI at the municipality scale since historical DI seasonality was well simulated. However, they may not allow seasonal DI forecasting for some municipalities. These findings may help not only public health policies in the studied municipalities but also have the potential to be reproducible for other dryland regions with similar data availability.
Frailty can affect cancer treatment decisions and outcomes. Depression, fatigue, and cognitive impairment often experienced by patients with cancer are expected to be associated with frailty. We aimed to identify frailty and its related factors in older adults with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in a Korean urban tertiary hospital. A structured self-report questionnaire was used including frailty and its related variables and measured heart rate variability (HRV). Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the factors related to frailty.

Data from 124 out of 136 patients with stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers were analyzed. Approximately 90% of the participants were in the pre-frail and frail groups. There were significant differences among the three groups in terms of depression (p=0.006) and HRV (p=0.041). selleck chemical The factor associated with higher frailty levels was depression across groups (pre-frail odds ratio (OR) 1.31, 95% CI 1.14-1.51; frail OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11-1.49). However, only deficits observed or commented on by others were retained as factors significantly associated with higher frailty in the pre-frail group (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.40-4.13). In contrast, increased HRV (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.95) was associated with lower frailty levels in the frail group.

It is important to classify older adult patients with cancer into pre-frail and frail groups so that interventions can be provided on time. Understanding the characteristics associated with frailty in older adult patients with cancer can positively affect their health-related quality of life and treatment outcomes.
It is important to classify older adult patients with cancer into pre-frail and frail groups so that interventions can be provided on time. Understanding the characteristics associated with frailty in older adult patients with cancer can positively affect their health-related quality of life and treatment outcomes.
. Limited evidence suggests that adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) take different information into account as they process sentences as compared to peers with typical language. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how two factors affect sentence processing in adults with DLD online storage costs and lexical expectations created by nouns.

. Forty-three adults, 21 with DLD, listened to complex sentences presented word-by-word, and their listening times were recorded. The sentences included either object relative clauses or sentential complements which differed in online storage demands. The main clause subject nouns differed in co-occurrence frequency with "that" in sentences produced by typical adults. Participants completed a running span task to assess verbal working memory capacity.

. Mixed effects models found differences by sentence region. Participants with DLD processed embedded clause verbs faster than participants with typical language, and poorer language ability was associated with faster processing of conjunctions "that" and "which.
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