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Conclusions FoP is an important factor facilitating the limitation of anti-health behaviors such as alcohol and anti-health products intake. Symptoms of colorectal cancer have negative influence on physical activity and intake of pro-health products.Objectives In this paper, we assessed interdependent associations between food-related psychosocial traits and diet quality (ie, healthy and ultra-processed food consumption) among parent-adolescent dyads. selleck Methods This secondary analysis used data from the Family, Life, Activity, Sun and Health (FLASHE) study, which measured diet and other health behaviors in American parent-adolescent dyads (N = 1646). Actor-Partner Interdependence Models were used to apply a dyadic extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Determination Theory constructs (motivation, attitudes and self-efficacy) in relation to healthy and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption. Results Parent (b = 0.46, p less then .01) and adolescent motivation (b = 0.42, p less then .01) had positive actor effects on healthy food consumption. Parental attitudes had a negative actor effect (b = -0.20, p less then .01) and adolescent attitudes had a positive actor effect (b = 0.34, p less then .01) on healthy food consumption. Parent (b = -0.18, p less then .01) and adolescent motivation (b = -0.14, p less then .01) had negative actor effects on UPF consumption. No significant partner effects were found. Conclusions Food-related psychosocial traits are associated with parent and adolescent diet quality. Interventions and guidelines that aim to strengthen an individual's ability to make healthful dietary choices, particularly those focused on reducing UPF consumption, are warranted, and may benefit from drawing on behavioral theories, especially those focused on motivational traits.Objectives In this study, we aimed to find the influential factors in determining individuals' use and non-use of fitness and diet apps on smartphones. To this end, we focused on diverse groups of predictors that would significantly affect people's use and non-use of these apps. Methods Overall, we considered 105 factors as potential predictors and included them in further analyses using a machine learning algorithm, XGBoost. The main reason for selecting this particular algorithm was that it had been known as one of the most accurate and popular algorithms for predicting consumer behaviors. Results We found the accuracy score of those factors for predicting people's use and non-use of fitness and diet apps was approximately 71.3%. In particular, the most influential predictors were mainly related to social influence, media use, overeating, social support, health management, and attitudes toward exercise. Conclusion These findings contribute to helping scholars and practitioners to develop more practical strategies of the implementation of fitness and diet apps.Objectives In this paper, we examine if serious psychological distress (SPD), binge drinking, and self-rated health predict dual-use of tobacco cigarette and e-cigarette compared with no use or the use of only one product among Hispanics/Latinos (H/L). By increasing our understanding of determinants of dual-use, we can identify the most vulnerable groups and intervention targets. Methods We used data from H/L who were current tobacco/nicotine users in the Houston Health Survey 2018 (N = 188; representing 158,369 individuals). We conducted descriptive, bi-variate, and multinomial logistic regression analyses, and moderation by age and sex. Results H/L with SPD were more likely to be dual-users than non-users (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.97), cigarette users (OR = 1.12), or e-cigarette users (OR = 2.44). Individuals who binge drank were more likely to be dual-users than non-users (OR = 2.66) or e-cigarette users (OR = 9.30), but more likely to be cigarette users compared to dual-users (OR = 2.05). Poorer self-rated health predicted an increased likelihood of being a non-user (OR = 1.19), cigarette user (OR = 1.36), and e-cigarette user compared to a dual-user (OR = 1.04). Conclusions Behavioral health and self-rated health are important predictors of tobacco cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual-use among H/L. These relationships differ by age and sex.Objectives Salient belief elicitations (SBEs), informed by the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA), are used to identify 3 sets of beliefs - behavioral, control, and normative - that influence attitudes toward a health behavior. SBEs ask participants about their own beliefs through open-ended questions. We adapted a SBE by focusing on abortion, which is infrequently examined through SBEs; we also included a survey version that asked participants their views on what a hypothetical woman would do if contemplating an abortion. Given these deviations from traditional SBEs, the purpose of this study was to assess if the adapted SBE was understood by participants in English and Spanish through cognitive interviewing. Methods We examined participants' interpretations of SBE items about abortion to determine if they aligned with the corresponding RAA construct. We administered SBE surveys and conducted cognitive interviews with US adults in both English and Spanish. Results Participants comprehended the SBE questions as intended. Participants' interpretations of most questions were also in line with the respective RAA construct. Conclusions SBE survey questions were comprehended well by participants. We discuss areas in which SBE questions can be modified to improve alignment with the underlying RAA construct to assess abortion beliefs.Objective The aim of this study was to identify the effects of menopausal and body composition statuses on measures of total and regional body composition and dyslipidemia in women. Methods Sedentary, non-smoking women (N = 212), not currently treated for dyslipidemia were grouped based on 2 categories (1) menstrual status premenopausal or postmenopausal and (2) body composition status normal weight (NW; BMI 36%), to determine differences in total and regional body composition and measures of lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations. Results Overall, a greater prevalence of NWO was observed in postmenopausal versus premenopausal women. Being postmenopausal was associated with higher TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, HDL-C, and HDL₃-C. Premenopausal NWO women had elevated LDL-C and VLDL-C comparable to obese women. Postmenopausal NWO women had elevated Tg and VLDL-C and lower HDL-C similar to obese women. Conclusions Menopausal status was not associated with differences in fat distribution, however, the age-related differences in lipids and lipoproteins appear to be due to a difference in menopausal status exacerbated in women who are NWO.
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