Notes

The European Human Biomonitoring Motivation (HBM4EU): Human being biomonitoring assistance valuations (HBM-GVs) for the aprotic chemicals N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and also N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP).
The identification of LSN3318839, a positive allosteric modulator of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), is described. LSN3318839 increases the potency and efficacy of the weak metabolite GLP-1(9-36)NH2 to become a full agonist at the GLP-1R and modestly potentiates the activity of the highly potent full-length ligand, GLP-1(7-36)NH2. LSN3318839 preferentially enhances G protein-coupled signaling by the GLP-1R over β-arrestin recruitment. Ex vivo experiments show that the combination of GLP-1(9-36)NH2 and LSN3318839 produces glucose-dependent insulin secretion similar to that of GLP-1(7-36)NH2. Under nutrient-stimulated conditions that release GLP-1, LSN3318839 demonstrates robust glucose lowering in animal models alone or in treatment combination with sitagliptin. From a therapeutic perspective, the biological properties of LSN3318839 support the concept that GLP-1R potentiation is sufficient for reducing hyperglycemia.At the end of 2019, the cause of pneumonia outbreaks in Wuhan, China, was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In February 2020, the World Health Organization named the disease cause by SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In response to the pandemic, the Korean Cancer Association formed the COVID-19 task force to develop practice guidelines. This special article introduces the clinical practice guidelines for cancer patients which will help oncologists best manage cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy is an endoscopic technique that enables in vivo histological evaluation using fluorescent pigment. BMS-1 inhibitor solubility dmso The ability to diagnostically differentiate between benign and malignant biliary disease using the "CholangioFlexTM", a dedicated biliary device, has been reported. However, the Miami and Paris classifications, used as diagnostic criteria, mainly evaluate findings in the submucosa, and visualizing the epithelium as the main site of lesions remains difficult. To address this problem, we verified the imaging findings and diagnostic ability of three types of probes CholangioFlexTM, GastroFlexTM, and AlveoFlexTM. With GastroFlexTM, the clear mucosal epithelium was observed, and differential diagnoses as benign/malignant could be made based on epithelial findings. GastroFlexTM may be a good first-choice probe for probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy of biliary diseases, and a new diagnostic classification based on bile duct epithelial findings may provide useful criteria independent of the Miami or Paris classifications.Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for approximately 10.3% of new cancer cases in Thailand and is currently the 3rd most prevalent cancer found among the Thai population. Starting in 2017, the Thai government announced the national CRC screening program as a response to this important issue. Among the 70 million people currently residing in Thailand, 14 million require screening, while there are approximately a total of 1,000 endoscopists available to perform colonoscopy. Due to the limited resources and shortage of endoscopists in Thailand, applying a population-based one-step colonoscopy program as a primary screening method is not feasible. To reduce colonoscopy workload, with the help of others, including village health volunteers, institution-based health personnel, reimbursement coders, pathologists, and patients due for CRC screening, a two-step approach of one-time fecal immunochemical test (FIT), which prioritizes and filters out subjects for colonoscopy, is chosen. Moreover, additional adjustments to the optimal FIT cutoff value and the modified Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening risk score, including body weight, were proposed to stratify the priority of colonoscopy schedule. This article aims to give an overview of the past and current policy developmental strategies and the current status of the Thailand CRC screening program.
Malignant portal vein thrombus (PVT) is found in up to 44% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The nature of the thrombus influences treatment selection. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in determining the nature of PVT in liver cirrhosis and/or HCC.

A prospective study was conducted in 34 patients with liver cirrhosis and/or HCC with PVT. Under EUS guidance, PVT was punctured using a 22 G FNA needle (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN, USA) followed by monitoring of the puncture tract using color Doppler. Patients were followed for adverse events 2 hours after recovery.

Throughout the 30-month study period, 34 patients, including 24 males with a mean age of 59±8 years, were enrolled. There were 8 patients with known HCC and 26 with no liver masses detected by computed tomography (CT). EUS-FNA from PVT was positive for malignancy in 3 patients (8.8%), of which only 1 patient was diagnosed with HCC by CT and 2 patients were newly diagnosed with HCC after EUS-FNA. No major complications were reported.

EUS-FNA is a safe and effective technique for determining the nature of PVT that does not fulfill the malignant criteria via imaging studies in patients with liver cirrhosis and/or HCC.
EUS-FNA is a safe and effective technique for determining the nature of PVT that does not fulfill the malignant criteria via imaging studies in patients with liver cirrhosis and/or HCC.The Editors of JBUON issue an Expression of Concern to 'Anticancer activity of safranal against colon carcinoma is due to induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest mediated by suppression of mTOR/PI3K/Akt pathway', by Yibing Zhang, Yong Zhao, Jianyou Guo, Haifeng Cui, Sha Liu, JBUON 2018;23(3)574-578; PMID30003721. Following the publication of the above article, readers drew to our attention that part of the data was possibly unreliable. We sent emails to the authors with a request to provide the raw data to prove the originality, but received no reply. Therefore, as we continue to work through the issues raised, we advise readers to interpret the information presented in the article with due caution. We thank the readers for bringing this matter to our attention. We apologize for any inconvenience it may cause.
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