Notes

A manuscript never-ending loop neurorrhaphy strategy to sustain decrease lips sensate in mandibular remodeling using an innervated vascularized iliac bone flap.
wever the antidiarrheal effects of plant were negligible. In the current study, the traditional use of the plant as a source of medicine has been validated.Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient required to enhance crop growth and yield. In the arid - semiarid region, Zn deficiency is expected due to alkaline calcareous soil. Contrarily, Zn toxicity is also becoming an environmental concern due to increasing anthropogenic activities (metal smelting, copper industry, etc.). Therefore, balanced Zn application is necessary to save resources and achieve optimum crop growth and yield. Most scientists suggest biological approaches to overcome the problem of Zn toxicity and deficiency. These biological approaches are mostly environment-friendly and cost-effective. In these biological approaches, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) symbiosis is becoming popular. It can provide tolerance to the host plant against Zn-induced stress. Inoculation of AMF helps in balance uptake of Zn and enhances the growth and yield of crops. On the other hand, maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop due to its multifarious uses. As maize is an effective host for mycorrhizae symbiosis, that's why this review was written to elaborate on the beneficial role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The review aimed to glance at the recent advances in the use of AMF to enhance nutrient uptake, especially Zn. It was also aimed to discuss the mechanism of AMF to overcome the toxic effect of Zn. We have also discussed the detailed mechanism and physiological improvement in the maize plant. In conclusion, AMF can play an imperative role in improving maize growth, yield, and balance uptake of Zn by alleviating Zn stress and mitigating its toxicity.This study was carried out in a demonstrated field in El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during the winter of season 2020 to evaluate the leverage of four post-emergence herbicides i.e., tribenuron-methyl, clodinafop- propargyl, pyroxsulam and pinoxaden compared to control on total protein and amino acid contents in three wheat cultivars (Shandwel 1, Giza 171, and Sakha 95). Generally, the use of foliar herbicides led to a significant decrease in essential, non-essential amino acids and protein contents. However, tribenuran-methyl herbicide signifcantly increased the levels of proline, glycine, arginine, and histidine, but cystine and threonine not affected as compared to control. On the other hand, foliar herbicide application was significantly increased physiological , biochemical parameters and yield of Shandweel cultivar as compared to the other varieties. The physiological and biochemical models of dual-herbicide-tolerant wheat cultivars add to our understanding of the crop. In recent agricultural systems, herbicide tolerant plants are important for long-term weed management. Therefore, the study recommended the safely usage of Tribenuran-methyl as foliar herbicide in weed managment.E. coli is one of the major significant pathogens causing mastitis, the most complex and costly diseases in the dairy industry worldwide. DT-061 PP2A activator Present study was undertaken to isolate, detect the virulence factors, phylogroup, antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli from cows with clinical mastitis. A total of 68 milk samples comprising 53 from clinical mastitis and 15 from apparently healthy cattle were collected from four different established dairy farms in Bangladesh. E. coli was isolated from the milk samples and identified by PCR targeting malB gene and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. E. coli isolates were screened by PCR for the detection of major virulence genes (stx, eae and cdt) of diarrheagenic E. coli followed by phylogenetic grouping. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the E. coli isolates was determined by disk diffusion test and E. coli showing resistance was further screened for the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. E. coli was isolated from 35.8% of the mastitt of antibiotic resistance in human.Macrobrachium lamarrei (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837) is a well-known freshwater prawn species of Bangladesh. The aim of the research is to explore various reproductive aspects (size at sexual maturity, reproductive period and fecundity) of M. lamarrei in the Ganges River, Bangladesh through October 2012 to September 2013. We also study the environmental parameters and their impact on reproduction of M. lamarrei. A total 391 (ovigerous = 141, non-ovigerous = 250) female specimens were collected using Drag net. The TL50 (the TL at which 50% of individuals become mature) was calculated by a logistic equation as 5.20 cm. Based on the availability of ovigerous females the spawning season was February-November with the peak June-July. Further, 50% and 90% ovigerous females were observed when Fulton's condition factor (KF ) was 0.85 and 1.03, respectively. The total fecundity (FT ) was ranged from 65 to 370 where TL was 4.20-6.40 cm and BW was 0.84-2.50 g. Fecundity was found to be highly correlated with TL (r2 ≥ 0.96, rs = 0.96, p less then 0.0001) and BW (r2 ≥ 0.88, rs = 0.93, p less then 0.0001). Temperature (rp = 0.82, p = 0.009), dissolved oxygen (DO) (rp = -0.83, p = 0.0007), pH (rp = 0.80, p = 0.0014) and total alkalinity (rp = -0.87, p = 0.0002), were highly correlated with ovigerous females. The average temperature on peak spawning season was 32 °C. Also, the spawning period connected with the peak rainfall and showed a notable relation between rainfall and ovigerous females. In addition, exploration of long data series pointed that yearly average air temperature is rising by 0.029 °C yr-1, whereas yearly average rainfall is falling by 2.96 mm yr-1. Therefore, the result will be helpful for the sustainable management and conservation of M. lamarrei through fixed permissible mesh size and establishment of a ban period in the Ganges River, Bangladesh and adjoining ecosystems.Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) are enzymes involved in editing adenosine to inosine in the dsRNAs of cells associated with cancer development. The p150 isoform of ADAR1 is the only isoform containing the Zα domain that binds to both Z-DNA and Z-RNA. The Zα domain is suggested to modulate the immune response and could be a suitable target for antiviral treatment and cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we aimed to identify potential inhibitors for ADAR1 protein that bind the Zα domain using molecular docking and simulation tools. Virtual docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches were used to screen the potential activity of 2115 FDA-approved compounds on the Zα domain of ADAR1 and filtered for to obtain the top-scoring hits. The top three compounds with the best XP Gscore-namely alendronate (-7.045), etidronate (-6.923), and zoledronate (-6.77)-were subjected to 50 ns simulations to characterize complex stability and identify the fundamental interactions that contribute to inhibition of the ADAR1 Zα domain. The three compounds were shown to interact with Lys169, Lys170, Asn173, and Tyr177 of the Zα domain-like helical backbone of Z-RNA. The study provides a comprehensive and novel insights of repurposes drugs for the inhibition of ADAR1 function.According Global Cancer Statistics 2020 GLOBOCAN estimates female breast cancer was found as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), and the fourth leading cause (6.9%) of cancer death among women worldwide. Identification of new diagnostic marker sharply characterize the tumor feature is intensive need. The present work was performed to investigate the involvement of the INF-γ + 874 T/A gene polymorphism in different breast cancer prognostic factors. Polymorphism detection analysis was performed on 163 subjects from breast cancer patients, 79 with inflamed cells of breast patients and 144 controls. The gene polymorphism was detected using the amplification refractory mutation system- polymerase chain reaction method (ARMS-PCR). The distribution of INF-γ T + 874A gene polymorphism shows strong significant association between INF-γ + 874 T/A genotypes TT in BC patients (ORTT 6.41 [95% CI = 2.72-15.1] P less then 0.0001) as well as strong significant association red as risk factors for BC pathogenesis. It may be used as practical biomarker to guide the BC carcinogenesis and risk process.Cestoda is a class of parasitic worms in the flatworm phylum (Platyhelminthes). Most of the species-and the best-known-are those in the subclass Eucestoda; they are ribbon-like worms as adults, known as tapeworms. The results reported that about 9.94% of selected sheep were infected with tape worms in native breed. Concerning the seasonal incidence of tape worms among sheep, the results revealed that the highest percentage was recorded during winter season (11.3%), while the lowest percentage was recorded during the spring (7.72%). The species of tape worms recorded were Moniezea expansa, Moniezea benedene, Avitellina centripunctata, Thysaniezia giardia and Stilesia hepatic. Molecular characterization of Al Taif Moniezia species cox1 gene records four different species Me Taif1, Me Taif2, Me Taif3 and Me Taif4, that have identity ranged from 90 to 99% to species in Senegal and Ethiopia (Me13, Me14 and Me22). In vitro treatment of Monizia spp. with different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 50 μglml) of Spirulina platensis extract (Blue-green Algae) affects the morphological architecture of tape worms by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that Spirulina platensis extract treatment, especially for higher doses 30 and 50 μglml, caused the sucker opening to narrow as a result of scolex swelling more than usual, deformation of the proglottids occurred with circular areas of declare swelling along their margins and microtriches covering the whole tegument appears in several directions. In conclusion, as per of our knowledge it is the first time to record new species of Moniezia species in Al Taif governorate and the anthelmintic potential of Spirulina platensis.This study aimed to compare the changes in the salivary cariogenic bacteria levels using qPCR and oral hygiene status after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances during the retention phase concerning the patient and treatment variables. In this study, saliva samples were collected from 35 patients before debonding (T0) and after five weeks of debonding on retention (T1). The saliva samples were collected to extract the genomic DNA, and using specific probes and primers using real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the changes in S. mutants, S. sobrinus, L. Casei after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Additionally, OHI levels were also measured. The current study confirms the statistical association between T0 and T1 groups of S. mutants (p = 0.028) and S. sobrinus (p = 0.049). However, a lack of association was observed with L. Casei (p > 0.05). The number of bacteria was decreased from the T0 group and increased in the T1 group in Streptococcus mutants (S. mutants) and Streptococcus Sobrinus (S. sobrinus) while in Lactobacillus Casei (L. Casei) it was vice versa between T0 and T1 groups. The Oral Hygiene Levels (OHI) levels were also found to be statistically associated (p = 0.003). This study concludes that comparing the salivary cariogenic bacterial levels at T0 (before debonding of fixed orthodontic appliances), with T1 (Five weeks after the debonding), and despite better oral hygiene, there was increase in salivary S mutants and S sobrinus levels. The current study suggested that orthodontic patients need careful hygienic procedures during the retention period. Future studies are recommended with additional follow-up and a large sample size.
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