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Connection involving Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as Staphylococcus aureus in paediatric individuals struggling with a fundamental chronic disease.
These results highlight advantages of β-CD relevant to chiral drugs removal and protection of aquatic organisms, which may have a better application for environmental and ecological safety in future.Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a widely used compound, is harmful to the environment and human health. In this study, a facile one pot solvothermal method of integrating BiOCl with Zn-Al hydrotalcite to form spherical-shaped BiOCl/Zn-Al hydrotalcite (B-BHZA) sample is reported. The characteristics and main factors affecting photocatalytic PFOA and photocatalytic mechanism of BiOCl/Zn-Al hydrotalcite (B-BHZA) are systematically investigated. It is found that spherical-shaped B-BHZA possesses abundant defects and a larger surface area of 64.4 m2 g-1. The factors affecting photocatalytic removal PFOA (e.g., time, pH, initial concentration and dosage) are investigated by modeling the 3D surface response. The removal rate of PFOA is over 90 % in 6 h under UV light at an optimal pH of 2, an initial concentration of 500 μg/L and a dose of dosage 0.5 g/L. The main mechanism occurs by photo-generated h+ oxidation and synergistic effects from the photocatalysis process. Though investigating the intermediates of PFOA degradation and F-, a possibility was proposed that h+ initiated the rapidly decarboxylation of PFOA. The unstable perfluoroheptyl group is formatted and further conversed to short chain perfluorocarboxylic acid. This study provides a new insight for the preparation of highly efficient photocatalysts to the treatment of halogenated compounds in UV system.The stackable carbon fiber-based flow-through systems (m(nC + 1A)) were constructed, where the multi-cathode units (nC + 1A) were equipped with multiple cathodes (nC) and a counter anode (1A), and the m was the stackable numbers of the nC + 1A units. The configuration of the m(nC + 1A) systems with m and n values from 1 to 6 was optimized by comparing their disinfection performance toward a model pathogen (Escherichia coli) from the aspects of disinfection ability, energy consumption and HRT. For multi-cathode units (nC + 1A), increasing the cathode numbers (n) promoted the E. coli inactivation by the predominant direct oxidation on the anode. Among the stackable m(nC + 1A) modules, the 3(3C + 1A) module was recommended as the best configuration. In the stackable 3(3C + 1A) module with consecutive reduction-oxidation processes, the E. coli inactivation mechanisms were attributed to the direct oxidation on the anodes and H2O2-induced indirect oxidation on the cathodes. The synergistic effect between the stackable 3C + 1A units promoted the electro-redox of the electrodes and their disinfection ability, which was also accompanied by the enhancement of energy consumption for O2/H2O2 mutual transformation on the electrodes. In turn, the modules with excessive stackable unit numbers (m > 3) over-promoted the competitive reaction of O2/H2O2 mutual transformation, restraining the disinfection performance.Utilization of the coatings with self-healing anti-corrosion activities is one of the most promising routes for the development of advanced anti-corrosion coatings. In the present work, the green/sustainable corrosion inhibitive compounds based on the cerium acetylacetonate (CeA) was loaded into a beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) nano-container (with negligible hazardous impacts) and through combined computer modeling and experimental approaches, the host-guest interactions/desorptions of the inclusion complexes of CeA with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were assessed. The inhibition performance of the β-CD-CeA inclusion complex was investigated by electrochemical and surface experiments in a saline solution (NaCl, 3.5 wt.%). The particles were analyzed by Raman, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopies. Additionally, the thermal properties in the 30-600 °C temperature range were examined by employing TGA/DTG test, and via the ICP analysis, the concentration of the released inorganic compounds in the electrolyte was studied. Achievements demonstrated 24 ppm Ce element existence after introducing β-CD-CeA inclusion complexes (during 24 h) in NaCl 3.5 wt.% solution. The analysis of Tafel curves proved that the prepared β-CD-CeA inclusion complex could inhibit the metallic substrate corrosion following the mixed cathodic and anodic mechanisms. The EIS investigation disclosed about 82 % inhibition degree after 48 h of metal immersion in the solution containing β-CD-CeA extract. The EIS analysis clarified that the silane coating (SC) resistance was enhanced noticeably by introducing the β-CD-CeA particles into the SC matrix. Using detailed-level (i.e., electronic and atomic) computer modeling techniques applying density functional theory (DFT), Mote Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD), the active sites, and the adsorption propensity of CeA complexes over the steel-based metallic adsorbents were explored. These modelings evidenced the CeA complexes interfacial adsorption on the steel.Invisible mercury ion is an incredibly toxic pollutant to the atmosphere. Thus a quick and sensitive detection method is of considerable importance for toxicological assessment, environmental protection and human health. A novel electrochemical sensing system has been developed for the detection of mercury (Hg2+) ions in canned tuna fish and tap water. The sensing platform was developed on the cubic copper-metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) based nanoparticles. Cu-MOF has a porous architecture with a large, unique surface area that is favorable for mercury ions adsorption and preconcentration. The electrochemical properties of Cu-MOF nanoparticles modified electrode were investigated. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were applied for the detection of mercury in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PB) at pH 9 under ambient conditions. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for Hg2+ is around 0.0633 nM with a linear range of 0.1-50 nM. Cu-MOF nanoparticles were successfully applied to the analysis of mercury ions in canned tuna fish and tap water. The developed sensor demonstrated satisfactory anti-interference, reproducibility, reliability, repeatability and applicability for the detection of mercury ions. This proof of principle serves as a steppingstone towards promoting ultrasensitive and precise assay for the detection of mercury.A ZnO/PEG (polyethylene glycol) -Co(II)-PbO2 nanocomposite electrode was constructed by using the anodic electrodeposition method and used for the electrocatalytic degradation phenol. The results showed that the electrode surface formed numerous PbO2 nanosphere structures, and the average size of a single nanosphere is approximately 0.4 μm. XRD and EDS results showed the active layer consisted of β-PbO2, and contained small amounts of cobalt and carbon. check details The electrochemical measurements showed that the electrode possessed a lower activation energy (Ea = 17.517 kJ∙mol-1) and charge transfer resistance (Rct = 7.564 Ω cm2) and a larger exchange current density (i°=1.476 × 10-4 mA cm-2). The phenol degradation process was controlled by the adsorption process and kinetic parameters were obtained with an initial concentration of 100 mg L-1. The electrode possessed a shorter half-life, larger reaction rate constant, and degradation efficiency (RE = 91.1 %) after 180 min. Reaction order was also calculated, and the degradation followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. HPLC results showed that the degradation pathway is as follows firstly, phenol is gradually decomposed into o-diphenol, p-diphenol and benzoquinone under hydroxyl radicals attack. Then, benzoquinone is broken into maleic acid and fumaric acid. Finally, these acidic compounds are broken into oxalic acid, which is eventually mineralized.This study investigated the concealed interaction between applied velocity gradient (G value) and ballast specific gravity (SG) in ballasted flocculation (BF). The objective was to unravel the participation of applied surface concentration (SC 0.005 m2L-1-0.02 m2L-1) of high specific gravity ballasts (SG 2.9-5.57) in BF aggregation phenomenon at varied velocity gradients (G value 750s-1-1250s-1). Static mixer was used to perform the BF experiments, and aggregated flocs were characterized using charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The results revealed that conventionally adopted velocity gradient (G value 150s-1 - 300s-1) in BF studies was insufficient for efficient floc development due to inadequate suspension of denser ballasts during mixing. This resulted in poor turbidity removal ( less then 40 %) and immature slow settling flocs ( less then 25 mh-1) despite higher ballast consumption. However, appropriate optimization of G value (1250s-1) corresponding to high specific gravity ballast (SG 5.57) resulted in 99.5 % turbidity removal (residual turbidity 1NTU) achieved in a shorter settling interval of 30 s consuming significantly less ballast concentration. This expeditious settling phenomenon was also evident in CCD camera observations of the ballasted flocs achieving superficial settling velocity (105mh-1). Therefore, it was concluded that appropriate optimization of the G value corresponding to the pertinent concentration of denser ballasts can exhibit rapid elimination of micropollutants, and superficial sedimentation with efficient material and energy use. This can lead to efficient BF design with a short HRT, compact footprint, and ability to handle highly turbid influent.We focus on a comparison of the geochemistry and mineralogy patterns found in coal, deposited dust (DD), respirable deposited dust (RDD) and inhalable suspended dust (PM10) from a number of underground mines located in China, with an emphasis on potential occupational health relevance. After obtaining the RDD from DD, a toxicological analysis (oxidative potential, OP) was carried out and compared with their geochemical patterns. The results demonstrate i) a dependence of RDD/DD on the moisture content for high rank coals that does not exist for low rank coals; ii) RDD enrichment in a number of minerals and/or elements related to the parent coal, the wear on mining machinery, lime gunited walls and acid mine drainage; and iii) the geochemical patterns of RDD obtained from DD can be compared with PM10 with relatively good agreement, demonstrating that the characterization of DD and RDD can be used as a proxy to help evaluate the geochemical patterns of suspended PM10. With regards to the toxicological properties of RDD, the Fe content and other by-products of pyrite oxidation, as well as that of anatase, along with Si, Mn and Ba, and particle size (among others), were highly correlated with Ascorbic Acid and/or Glutathione OP.The MYB TF family is an immensely large and functionally diverse class of proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle, cell morphogenesis to stress signaling mechanism. The present study deciphered the hormonal cross-talk of wound inducible and stress-responsive OsMYB-R1 transcription factor in combating abiotic [Cr(VI) and drought/PEG] as well as biotic (Rhizoctonia solani) stress. OsMYB-R1 over-expressing rice transgenics exhibit a significant increase in lateral roots, which may be associated with increased tolerance under Cr(VI) and drought exposure. In contrast, its loss-of-function reduces stress tolerance. Higher auxin accumulation in the OsMYB-R1 over-expressed lines further strengthens the protective role of lateral roots under stress conditions. RNA-seq. data reveals over-representation of salicylic acid signaling molecule calcium-dependent protein kinases, which probably activate the stress-responsive downstream genes (Peroxidases, Glutathione S-transferases, Osmotins, Heat Shock Proteins, Pathogenesis Related-Proteins).
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