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The randomized double-blind placebo-controlled demo associated with dental discomfort for cover involving melanocytic nevi against UV-induced Genetic make-up harm.
To simplify the use of the method, a Python-library HelioK was developed, and it is demonstrated how to work with it in a Jupyter-notebook. To explain the kinematics of heliostats better, a 3D model of heliostat is provided, which was made and animated in an open-source 3D editor Blender. The main highlights of the method•The tracking axes and the facet of heliostat can have an arbitrary orientation, and there can be offsets between them.•The tracking problem is solved both for targets attached to heliostat (local aiming) and for separated targets (global aiming).•The single-axis trackers are included as a limiting case.Understanding the stabilizing protein interactions in protein gels is of high importance for food- and biotechnology. Protein interactions in protein gels can help to predict hardness, deformability and other gel parameters. Currently there are two types methods used. One is to use protein interaction blocking agents and the other is to dissolve the gel in different buffer systems, which cleave the interactions. The first method alters the gelling mechanism, which is why the second method is the preferred one. PFI-3 price However, currently published methods are often only suitable for specific gel systems as for example weakly bound protein gels. In this paper, a method is introduced, which is suitable for highly denatured whey and plant protein.•Suitable for strongly cross-linked whey protein and plant protein gels•Stronger buffer system to ensure cleavage of all protein interactions•More reproducible and simplified crushing of the gel without the introduction of uncontrolled shear stress excessively affecting the analysis of chemical bonds.In this study, a new selective pressurised liquid extraction (SPLE) methodology was optimised for determining about 70 organic pollutants (OPs) including organochlorine (OCPs), organophosphate (OPPs) and pyrethroid (PYRs) pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wild boar liver samples considering the temperature, pressure and time of contact between the solvent and the matrix as influential variables. Clean-up of extracts was performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using EZ-POP cartridges. Detection of OPs was carried out by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ-MS/MS). This new approach offers•A new non-time consuming SPLE methodology for determining about 70 OPs in wild boar.•Recoveries achieved ranged between 74 to 119 % with RSD less than 20 %.•Detection and quantification limits in the low to mid pg/g range.A suitable optimized digestion method for lipsticks and powders for the analysis of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb by Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (HG-AAS), Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS) was developed using common acid digestion methods enhanced by the use of Triton X-100. The three acid digestion methods used in this study were Method A (nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide), Method B (nitric acid and hydrochloric acid) and Method C (nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide). Triton X-100 was added to each of these and the effects were studied. The acid digestion method that was determined to be the most suitable and efficient for lipsticks and powders was Method A-1 (nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide with 5% Triton X-100 at 95 °C for 3 h). The range of percentage recoveries obtained were; powders (98.50% to 92. 61%) and lipsticks (100.96% to 99.41%) for As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg and Ni. The addition of Triton X-100 significantly improved the efficiency of the method.•Triton X-100 improves the efficiency of acid digestion of fatty hydrophobic samples by dispersing the sample throughout the acid digestant.The electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP) has been widely studied for its clinical value for the evaluation of the surviving auditory nerve (AN) cells. However, many unknowns remain about the temporal firing properties of the AN fibers that underlie the eCAP in CI recipients. These temporal properties may contain valuable information about the condition of the AN. Here, we propose an iterative deconvolution model for estimating the human evoked unitary response (UR) and for extracting the compound discharge latency distribution (CDLD) from eCAP recordings, under the assumption that all AN fibers have the same UR. In this model, an eCAP is modeled by convolving a parameterized UR and a parameterized CDLD model. Both the UR and CDLD are optimized with an iterative deconvolution fitting error minimization routine to minimize the error between the modeled eCAP and the recorded eCAP.•This method first estimates the human UR from eCAP recordings. The human eCAP is unknown at the time of this writing. The UR is subsequently used to extract the underlying temporal neural excitation pattern (the CDLD) that reflects the contributions from individual AN fibers in human eCAPs.•By calculating the CDLD, the synchronicity of AN fibers can be evaluated.Enceladus is a prime candidate in the solar system for in-depth astrobiological studies searching for habitability and life because it has a liquid water ocean with significant organic content and ongoing cryovolcanic activity. The presence of ice plumes that jet up through fissures in the ice crust covering the sub-surface ocean, enables remote sampling and in-situ analysis via a fly-by mission. link2 However, capture and transport of organic materials to organic analyzers presents distinctive challenges as it is unknown whether, and to what extent, organic molecules imbedded in ice particles can be captured and survive hypervelocity impacts. This manuscript provides a fluorescence microscopic method to parametrically determine the amount of an organic fluorescent tracer dye, Pacific Blue™ (PB) deposited on a metallic surface. This method can be used to measure the capture and survival outcomes of terrestrial hypervelocity impact experiments where an ice projectile labeled with Pacific Blue impacts a soft metal surface. This work is an important step in the advancement of instruments like the Enceladus Organic Analyzer for detecting biosignatures in an Enceladus plume fly-by mission. An apparatus consisting of a substrate humidification shroud coupled with an epifluorescence microscope with CCD detector is developed to measure the intensity of quantitatively deposited Pacific Blue droplets under controlled humidity. Calibration curves are produced that relate the integrated fluorescence intensity of humidified PB droplets on metal foils to the number of PB molecules deposited. To demonstrate the utility of this method, our calibrations are used to analyze and quantitate organic capture and survival (up to 11% capture efficiency) following ice particle impacts at a velocity of 1.7 km/s on an aluminum substrate.Analyses of environmental DNA (eDNA) from macroorganisms in aquatic environments have greatly advanced in recent years. In particular, eDNA metabarcoding of fish using universal PCR primers has been reported in various waters. Although pumped deep-sea water was used for eDNA metabarcoding of deep-sea fish, conventional methods only resulted in small amounts of extracted eDNA and subsequent few or no PCR amplicons. link3 To optimize eDNA metabarcoding of deep-sea fish from pumped deep-sea water, we modified conventional procedures of eDNA extraction and PCR amplification. Here, we propose a modified eDNA extraction method, in which a filter used for eDNA sampling was shredded and incubated in microtubes for efficient lysis of eDNA sources. Total eDNA yield extracted using the modified protocol was approximately six-fold higher than that extracted by the conventional protocol. The PCR enzyme Platinum SuperFi II DNA Polymerase successfully amplified a target region of fish universal primers (MiFish) from trace amounts of eDNA extracted from pumped deep-sea water and suppressed nonspecific amplifications more effectively than the enzyme used in conventional methods. Approximately 93% of the sequence reads acquired by next generation sequencing of these amplicons were derived from fish. The improved procedure presented here provided effective eDNA metabarcoding of deep-sea fish.•A modified eDNA extraction protocol, in which a filter was shredded and incubated in microtubes, increased eDNA yields extracted from pumped deep-sea water over the conventional method.•The PCR enzyme Platinum SuperFi II DNA polymerase improved the amplification efficiency of trace amounts of MiFish objectives in eDNA extracted from pumped deep-sea water with suppressing nonspecific amplifications.•The use of Platinum SuperFi II DNA polymerase for eDNA metabarcoding using MiFish primers resulted in the acquisition of abundant sequence reads of deep-sea fish through next generation sequencing.Water quality is one of the most essential factors to influence human daily life and environment health. Risk assessment of water quality has critical significance to sustainable development of human society and natural systems. Set pair analysis (SPA) methods are widely used in risk assessment, especially in water resources. The essence of SPA is to classify assessment samples consider the uncertainties exist in risk assessment system based on the viewpoints of unity, difference, and opposition. The existing SPA methods are classified into two types, including (i) original SPA and (ii) comprehensive SPA. Both the original and comprehensive SPA methods have the following limitations (i) it is need to judge whether the assessment factor belongs to type I or type II; (ii) it is need to judge whether the assessment factor is positive or negative. This method article gives a detailed description of the application of the existing SPA method. The method article is a companion paper with the original article [1]. • Description of SPA methods. • Application of SAP methods in risk assessment of water quality. • Calculate the weights of assessment factors.In this paper, we describe two fabrication methods (well array-based and biopsy punching-based) of gel disks to construct a gel-based point-of-care (POC) diagnosis device for direct colorimetric measurement of human whole blood glucose without any extra blood separation step. The gel disks are made of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) diacrylate (PEG-DA) containing immobilized glucose colorimetric assay reagents. The performances of three types of PEG-DA gel (molecular weight 575, 3,400, and 10,000) based sensors as well as the two fabrication methods were investigated.•The fabricated devices enabled colorimetric whole blood glucose sensing assay without the need for blood cell separation•The biopsy punching-based gel disk fabrication method provided less variation on the fabricated gel disks.Automation can be utilized to relieve humans of difficult and repetitive tasks in many domains, presenting the opportunity for safer and more efficient systems. This increase in automation has led to new supervisory roles for human operators where humans monitor feedback from autonomous systems and provide input when necessary. Optimizing these roles requires tools for evaluation of task complexity and resulting operator cognitive workload. Cognitive task analysis is a process for modeling the cognitive actions required of a human during a task. This work presents an enhanced version of this process Cognitive Task Analysis and Workload Classification (CTAWC). The goal of developing CTAWC was to provide a standardized process to decompose cognitive tasks in enough depth to allow for precise identification of sources of cognitive workload. CTAWC has the following advantages over conventional CTA methodology•Integrates standard terminology from existing taxonomies for task classification to describe expected operator cognitive workload during task performance.
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