Notes

Electron-driven proton shift alleviates excited-state antiaromaticity throughout photoexcited Genetics base sets.
A search for heavy neutral Higgs bosons is performed using the LHC Run 2 data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb^-1 of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. The search for heavy resonances is performed over the mass range 0.2-2.5 TeV for the τ^+τ^- decay with at least one τ-lepton decaying into final states with hadrons. The data are in good agreement with the background prediction of the standard model. In the M_h^125 scenario of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, values of tanβ>8 and tanβ>21 are excluded at the 95% confidence level for neutral Higgs boson masses of 1.0 and 1.5 TeV, respectively, where tanβ is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs doublets.Certain anomalies in the CMB bring out a tension between the six-parameter flat ΛCDM model and the CMB data. We revisit the PLANCK analysis with loop quantum cosmology (LQC) predictions and show that LQC alleviates both the large-scale power anomaly and the tension in the lensing amplitude. These differences arise because, in LQC, the primordial power spectrum is scale dependent for small k, with a specific power suppression. We conclude with a prediction of larger optical depth and power suppression in the B-mode polarization power spectrum on large scales.A first-order quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition (PT) may take place in the protocompact star (PCS) produced by a core-collapse supernova (CCSN). In this work, we study the consequences of such a PT in a nonrotating CCSN with axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the PT leads to the collapse of the PCS and results in a loud burst of gravitational waves (GWs). The amplitude of this GW burst is ∼30 times larger than the postbounce GW signal normally found for nonrotating CCSN. It shows a broad peak at high frequencies (∼2500-4000  Hz) in the spectrum, has a duration of ≲5  ms, and carries ∼3 orders of magnitude more energy than the other episodes. Also, the peak frequency of the PCS oscillation increases dramatically after the PT-induced collapse. In addition to a second neutrino burst, the GW signal, if detected by the ground-based GW detectors, is decisive evidence of the first-order QCD PT inside CCSNe and provides key information about the structure and dynamics of the PCS.We demonstrate coherent control over internal conversion during strong-field molecular ionization with shaped, few-cycle laser pulses. The control is driven by interference in different neutral states, which are coupled via non-Born-Oppenheimer terms in the molecular Hamiltonian. Our measurements highlight the preservation of electronic coherence in nonadiabatic transitions between electronic states.We report the electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) cooling of a large trapped ^171Yb^+ ion chain to the quantum ground state. Unlike conventional EIT cooling, we engage a four-level tripod structure and achieve fast sub-Doppler cooling over all motional modes. We observe simultaneous ground-state cooling across the complete transverse mode spectrum of up to 40 ions, occupying a bandwidth of over 3 MHz. The cooling time is observed to be less than 300  μs, independent of the number of ions. Such efficient cooling across the entire spectrum is essential for high-fidelity quantum operations using trapped ion crystals for quantum simulators or quantum computers.We provide the most accurate results for the QCD transition line so far. We optimize the definition of the crossover temperature T_c, allowing for its very precise determination, and extrapolate from imaginary chemical potential up to real μ_B≈300  MeV. The definition of T_c adopted in this work is based on the observation that the chiral susceptibility as a function of the condensate is an almost universal curve at zero and imaginary μ_B. We obtain the parameters κ_2=0.0153(18) and κ_4=0.00032(67) as a continuum extrapolation based on N_t=10, 12, 16 lattices with physical quark masses. We also extrapolate the peak value of the chiral susceptibility and the width of the chiral transition along the crossover line. In fact, both of these are consistent with a constant function of μ_B. We see no sign of criticality in the explored range.We highlight that the anomalous orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and an excess in microlensing events in the 5-year Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment data set can be simultaneously explained by a new population of astrophysical bodies with mass several times that of the Earth (M_⊕). selleck products We take these objects to be primordial black holes (PBHs) and point out the orbits of TNOs would be altered if one of these PBHs was captured by the Solar System, inline with the Planet 9 hypothesis. Capture of a free floating planet is a leading explanation for the origin of Planet 9, and we show that the probability of capturing a PBH instead is comparable. The observational constraints on a PBH in the outer Solar System significantly differ from the case of a new ninth planet. This scenario could be confirmed through annihilation signals from the dark matter microhalo around the PBH.From 1310.6×10^6  J/ψ and 448.1×10^6  ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII experiment, we report the first observation of Σ^+ and Σ[over ¯]^- spin polarization in e^+e^-→J/ψ[ψ(3686)]→Σ^+Σ[over ¯]^- decays. The relative phases of the form factors ΔΦ have been measured to be (-15.5±0.7±0.5)° and (21.7±4.0±0.8)° with J/ψ and ψ(3686) data, respectively. The nonzero value of ΔΦ allows for a direct and simultaneous measurement of the decay asymmetry parameters of Σ^+→pπ^0(α_0=-0.998±0.037±0.009) and Σ[over ¯]^-→p[over ¯]π^0(α[over ¯]_0=0.990±0.037±0.011), the latter value being determined for the first time. The average decay asymmetry, (α_0-α[over ¯]_0)/2, is calculated to be -0.994±0.004±0.002. The CP asymmetry A_CP,Σ=(α_0+α[over ¯]_0)/(α_0-α[over ¯]_0)=-0.004±0.037±0.010 is extracted for the first time, and is found to be consistent with CP conservation.
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