Notes

Really does age-dynamic motion quicken facial age effect? Perception of age group via facial motion: Studies associated with Japoneses females.
or MTM interventions to allow further insights regarding the sustainability of deprescribing efforts in older adults. DISCLOSURES The original trial was supported by a pilot study award from the University of Kentucky Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1TR000117). Additional support for this study was provided by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (R01 AG054130). Jicha reports contract research for Esai, Biohaven, Alltech, Suven, Novartis, and Lilly. The other authors have nothing to disclose.No funding contributed to the writing of this commentary. Brandsema reports consulting for Alexion, Audentes, AveXis, Biogen, Cytokinetics, PTC Therapeutics, Sarepta, and WaVe and has received research funding as a site investigator from Alexion, AveXis, Biogen, CSL Behring, Cytokinetics, Fibrogen, Pfizer, PTC Therapeutics, Sarepta, Summit, and WaVe.This study received unrestricted funding from the Pharmaceutical Research Manufacturers of America. The authors also do consulting, personally or through their employment, with numerous pharmaceutical manufacturers, payers, and other stakeholders with a general interest in this subject matter.No funding was received for the writing of this reflection. MF-438 ic50 Avey is a member of the AMCP Foundation and has recently retired from MedImpact Health Systems, where he served as Vice President of Specialty Clinical Solutions.Funding for this summary was contributed by Arnold Ventures, Commonwealth Fund, California Health Care Foundation, National Institute for Health Care Management (NIHCM), New England States Consortium Systems Organization, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, and Partners HealthCare to the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER), an independent organization that evaluates the evidence on the value of health care interventions. ICER's annual policy summit is supported by dues from Aetna, America's Health Insurance Plans, Anthem, Allergan, Alnylam, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Blue Shield of CA, Cambia Health Services, CVS, Editas, Express Scripts, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Harvard Pilgrim, Health Care Service Corporation, Health Partners, Johnson & Johnson (Janssen), Kaiser Permanente, LEO Pharma, Mallinckrodt, Merck, Novartis, National Pharmaceutical Council, Premera, Prime Therapeutics, Regeneron, Sanofi, Spark Therapeutics, and United Healthcare. Agboola, Fluetsch, Rind, and Pearson are employed by ICER. Lin reports support from ICER during work on this economic model and grants from Mount Zion Health Fund, National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute), and the Tobacco-Related Diseases Research Program, unrelated to this work. Walton reports support from ICER for work on this economic model and unrelated consulting fees from Baxter.BACKGROUND Medication adherence is frequently suboptimal in adults with chronic diseases, resulting in negative consequences. Traditional interventions to improve adherence are complex and not widely effective. Mobile applications may be a scalable means to support medication adherence. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of mobile apps on medication adherence in adults with chronic diseases. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of any mobile application (app) intervention directed at patients with chronic disease to improve medication adherence in comparison with usual care. A random-effects model was used to pool the outcome data. Risk of bias and quality of study were assessed per Cochrane guidelines. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review involving 1,785 participants, 940 of whom were randomized to a mobile app intervention group and 845 ≤ 0.95). App acceptability was reported by participants in the intervention group in 8 studies 144 of 156 participants (91.7%) were satisfied with all aspects of the apps. CONCLUSIONS Compared with conventional care, mobile apps are effective interventions to help improve medication adherence in adults with chronic diseases. Although promising, these results should be interpreted with caution given the low level of evidence and short intervention duration. Future research will not only need to identify ideal app features and the costs to providers but also need to improve the apps to make them user friendly, secure, and effective based on patient-centered theory. DISCLOSURES Funding for this study was provided by Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau (No. cstc2017shmsA130115). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.BACKGROUND Prostaglandin analogs are the most effective treatment for glaucoma, a common condition among older adults. Despite the availability of generic drugs, the costs associated with these prescription drugs are rising. OBJECTIVE To characterize Medicare prescription drug plan (PDP) formulary coverage and beneficiary out-of-pocket cost for prostaglandin analogs from 2009 to 2017 and Medicare spending on prostaglandin analogs from 2013 to 2017. METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis. We used 2009, 2013, and 2017 Medicare PDP formulary, beneficiary cost, and pricing files to determine beneficiary first-prescription out-of-pocket costs and plan coverage (unrestricted, restricted, or not covered) of branded latanoprost 0.005%, travoprost 0.004%, bimatoprost 0.03% and 0.01%, and tafluprost 0.0015% and of generic latanoprost 0.005% and generic bimatoprost 0.03%. We also used Medicare Part D spending data to determine aggregate spend in 2013 and 2017. RESULTS In 2009, 92% of plans covered branded latanhave nothing to disclose.BACKGROUND As medication expenditures rise, payers are increasingly demanding evidence of economic value for new medications. The 2015 Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Task Force on Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Alongside Clinical Trials noted that clinical trials are increasingly including health care utilization endpoints to address this rising interest in economic information. OBJECTIVES To (a) describe the prevalence of economic endpoints in clinical trials submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov and (b) examine associations between trial characteristics and the inclusion of economic endpoints. METHODS This retrospective review of ClinicalTrials.gov data extracted the characteristics of clinical trials that were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2004 to December 2018; studied a drug and/or biological; and had a recruitment status of not yet recruiting, recruiting, active but not recruiting, or completed. Studies were classified as containing an economic endpoint bas number of clinical trials are including economic endpoints. This finding may reflect continued industry concerns surrounding the cost and logistical challenges of piggybacking economic data collection alongside clinical trials and/or manufacturers' preferences for modeling for value demonstration. Future research is needed to better understand barriers to the inclusion of economic endpoints as well as the degree to which incorporating health care resource utilization collected during clinical trials into early economic modeling may reduce payer concerns about model transparency and bias. DISCLOSURES No outside funding supported this study. Patterson reports past employment by Indivior, unrelated to this study. Mitchell has nothing to disclose. The research included in this study was presented as a nonreviewed student pharmacist poster at AMCP Nexus 2019; October 30-November 1, 2019; National Harbor, MD.Context Both copper and betanin have been implicated as having significant bioactivity against ischemic damage in a variety of experimental and clinical settings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether betanin and copper have any protective effect on spinal cord in an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model in rats.Design Spraque-Dawley rats were used in four groups Sham group (n = 7), control group (laparotomy and cross-clamping of aorta, n = 7), betanin treatment group (dosage of 100 mg/kg of betanin administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 60 min before laparotomy, n = 7), copper sulfate treatment group (administered copper sulfate i.p. at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day for 7 days before laparotomy, n = 7). Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay was also performed to evaluate apoptosis.Setting Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, Kars, Turkey.Results I/R injury was successfully demonstrated with the surgical model. Betanin and copper treatment significantly decreased MDA levels, MPO activity and the number of apoptotic cells in the spinal cord. Betanin and copper treatment significantly increased GSH levels. Copper treatment significantly increased SOD activity, whereas betanin was not as effective. Apoptotic cells were significantly decreased in both treatment groups.Conclusion I/R injury of the spinal cord can be successfully demonstrated by aortic clamping in this surgical model. Betanin/Copper sulphate has ameliorative effects against operative I/R injury. Low toxicity of those agents makes them ideal targets for clinical research for this purpose.Context Symptomatic post-traumatic syringomyelia can affect the quality of life in patients whose neurologic function has already been impacted by a spinal cord injury.Objective To investigate the radiographic and clinical outcomes following surgery for syringomyelia, we present a literature review along with a case series from a single surgeon's experience.Methods A retrospective review was conducted on patients with post-traumatic syringomyelia who were treated by a single surgeon. Thirty-four patients who underwent surgical treatment consisting of syrinx fenestration, lysis of adhesions, and duraplasty were identified. In addition, a narrative literature review was conducted with a primary focus on diagnosis and management of post-traumatic syringomyelia.Results Literature review suggests that regardless of age, sex, vertebral location, or severity of trauma, patients who experience a spinal cord injury should be closely monitored for post-traumatic syringomyelia. Retrospective review of our 34 patients revealed 24 patients for whom pre- and post- operative MRI was available. The predominant location of the injury was cervical (15). The average syrinx length, measured in spinal segments, was similar when comparing pre- and post-operative MRIs; average syrinx length was 5.5 and 5.4 spinal segments, respectively. In contrast, syrinx axial dimension was decreased in 16 of the patients post-operatively and stable or increased in the other eight. The change in syrinx size did not correlate with clinical outcomes.Conclusion Current surgical treatment of post-traumatic syringomyelia involves restoration of normal CSF flow dynamics; further prospective work is needed to correlate the clinical state, radiographic measures, and efficacy of surgical intervention.
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