Notes

Association associated with Weed Use-Related Predictor Variables and also Self-Reported Psychotic Issues: Ough.Utes. Older people, 2001-2002 and 2012-2013.
hysicians' burnout can be prevented.
Working in pandemic units and facing difficulty in accessing PPE are identified as the most important risk factors for burnout. Hence, we can say that working with PPE, and with the managers' discretion and support, the physicians' burnout can be prevented.
Movies are among the most widely used media for advertising, promotional, and sponsorship activities of the tobacco industry, and the industry has been making huge investments in this sector for many years. In this study, the effects of movie scenes depicting the use of tobacco products, and the possible effects of the laws governing such scenes, were examined.

The sample of the study consisted of 50 films, the first 2 of which were the most watched each year, between the years 1992 and 2016, according to the data of the Center for Turkish Cinema Studies and the boxofficeturkiye.com websites. The scenes depicting the use of tobacco products were analyzed using the data collection form developed by the researchers. Each movie was evaluated separately by 2 researchers.

A tobacco product was used in 82% of the 50 films watched. Men (87%), individuals between the ages of 25 and 64 (78.0%), and leading actors (40%) used more tobacco products, and the most frequently used product was the cigarette (93.1%). The number andduration of scenes containing tobacco was greater by 1.6 times before the first law was passed, and between the passage of the first law and the passage of the second law (P > .05, P > .05). The number and duration of the scenes decreased between the passage of the first and the second laws and after the second law was passed, by 3.6 and 5.3 times, respectively (P < .05, P < .05).

Consistent and comprehensive tobacco control policies have been effective in reducing the number of scenes that contain tobacco in the movies produced in Turkey. A comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is required to overcome the tobacco industry's impact on cinema.
Consistent and comprehensive tobacco control policies have been effective in reducing the number of scenes that contain tobacco in the movies produced in Turkey. A comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is required to overcome the tobacco industry's impact on cinema.
To compare class I/II cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations to class III-V mutations with regards to cystic fibrosis disease severity markers in children.

This study was designed as a cross-sectional study in Antalya province, located on the south coast of Turkey. The study included 38 cystic fibrosis patients aged between 0.6 and 18 years. The CFTR genotype of the patients was categorized into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of class I or class II mutations in any of the alleles. Group I comprised 8 homozygous, 8 with unknown alleles, and 8 compound heterozygous patients, and group II comprised 11 homozygous and 3 compound heterozygous patients. The groups were analyzed in respect of cystic fibrosis disease severity markers, such as spirometry, ShwachmanKulczycki score, body mass index (BMI), sweat chloride concentration, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, annual exacerbation frequency, and severe exacerbations requiring hospitalization during the previous year.

In the comparison of group I and group II patients, a significant difference was observed in pancreas insufficiency (83.3% vs. 35.7%; P = .005), chronic P. aeruginosa infection (58.3% vs. 7.1%; P = .002), cough severity score (1.7 ± 1.1 vs. 0.9 ± 1.5; P = .029), number of severe exacerbations requiring hospitalization during the previous year (0.9 ± 1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.8; P = .03), and sweat chloride levels (76.7 ± 15.2 vs. 61 ± 22.3; P = .02). All these values were higher in group I patients. The mean BMI values (15.8 ± 2.2 vs. 17.6 ± 2.8; P = .03) were lower in group I patients.

There seems to be a difference between class I/II CFTR mutations and class III-V mutations on the severity of the disease in cystic fibrosis patients.
There seems to be a difference between class I/II CFTR mutations and class III-V mutations on the severity of the disease in cystic fibrosis patients.The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is similar to connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases (CTD-ILD) in many aspects. However, patients with CTD-ILD have required particular attention during the pandemic since they are at high risk due to -immunosuppressive treatments. Thus, prompt decisions for diagnosis and treatment initiation have become more important than earlier for these patients during the pandemic. Radiological perspectives have become inevitable for the differential diagnosis of this group ¬during the pandemic, particularly to obtain rapid and accurate results that allow the physicians to start treatment immediately. However, in addition to radiological images, a definitive diagnosis also requires access to extensive information regarding patient history, including characteristics of comorbidities, and clinical and serological findings. Consequently, the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and CTD-ILD can yield accurate treatment regimens that differ greatly between the 2 diseases, and also prevent the spread of the outbreak with COVID-19 patients treated under isolation.
To evaluate the rate of pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Turkey and to investigate and compare features of PP and non-PP CAP patients.

This multicenter, non-interventional, prospective, observational study included adult CAP patients (age ≥ 18 years). Diagnosis of PP was based on the presence of at least 1 positive laboratory test result for Streptococcus pneumoniae (blood culture or sputum culture or urinary antigen test [UAT]) in patients with radiographic findings of pneumonia.

Four hundred sixty-five patients were diagnosed with CAP, of whom 59 (12.7%) had PP. The most common comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (30.1%). The mean age, smoking history, presence of chronic neurological disease, and CURB-65 score were significantly higher in PP patients, when compared to non-PP patients. In PP patients, 84.8% were diagnosed based ony on the UAT. The overall rate of PP patients among CAP was calculated as 22.8% considering the UAT sensitivity ratio of 63% (95% confidence interval 45-81). The rate of intensive care treatment was higher in PP patients (P = .007). While no PP patients were vaccinated for pneumococcus, 3.8% of the non-PP patients were vaccinated (P = .235). Antibiotic use in the preceding 48 hours was higher in the non-PP group than in the PP group (31.8% vs. 11.1%, P = .002). The CURB-65 score and the rate of patients requiring inpatient treatment according to this score were higher in the PP group.

The facts that PP patients were older and required intensive care treatment more frequently as compared to non-PP patients underline the burden of PP.
The facts that PP patients were older and required intensive care treatment more frequently as compared to non-PP patients underline the burden of PP.
Interruption or reduction in airflow and desaturation is a theoretically expected result in bronchiectasis accompanied by excessive secretions in the airways, bronchial wall thickening, and destruction of the wall structure. The same mechanism of interruption or reduction in airflow and desaturation is valid for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, data on the association of bronchiectasis with OSA are scarce. We aimed to investigate the frequency of OSA and related parameters in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB).

All 43 consecutive patients who presented to the outpatient clinic for bronchiectasis follow-up between January 1, 2018 and January 1, 2019 were included. Selleck Fedratinib The polysomnography (PSG) data of the 43 patients were reviewed. Groups of patients with and without OSA, as detected using PSG, were compared in terms of clinical, demographic, and polysomnographic parameters.

The mean age of the 43 patients was 50 ± 15 years; 28 (65.2%) were female. OSA was detected in 24 (55.8%) of 43 patients, of whom 14 (32.6%) had mild, 5 (11.6%) had moderate, and 5 (11.6%) had severe OSA. Three (7.0%) patients were REM-dependent and 7 (16.3%) were position-dependent. When evaluated using logistic regression analysis, REM percentage (16.8% vs. 11.8%, P = .03) and presence of witnessed apnea (33.3% vs. 15.7%, P = .01) were observed to be significantly higher in the patients with OSA. The age factor was found at the significance limit (P = .05).

The frequency of OSA in patients with NCFB is 55.8%. Investigating OSA using PSG is important in patients with NCFB, especially at advanced ages.
The frequency of OSA in patients with NCFB is 55.8%. Investigating OSA using PSG is important in patients with NCFB, especially at advanced ages.
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on periodontal clinical parameters, spirometric indices, and salivary MMP-8 levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with concurrence of chronic periodontitis (CP) compared with systemically healthy CP.

In this prospective clinico-biochemical study, a total of 75 patients belonging to various socioeconomic strata were randomly divided into cases, that is, COPD patients as per the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria with concurrence of CP [at least ≥ 20 teeth with ≥ 2 tooth sites having pocket probing depth (PPD) or clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 4mm and bleeding on probing (BOP)] and controls (systemically healthy CP). Both groups underwent NSPT and were evaluated for plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), PPD, CAL, and BOP and spirometry (FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC)) values at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months and for salivary MMP-8 levels at baseline and 3 m
The present study provided substantial evidence that COPD patients have poorer periodontal health as compared to systemically healthy counterparts. Further, these patients showed improvement in FEV1/FVC, however, with higher salivary MMP-8 levels despite NSPT at the end of the study, indicating a possible role of systemic inflammatory overburden of pulmonary disease.
We aimed to evaluate the perspective of the Turkish Thoracic Society (TTS) members regarding institutional preparedness, in terms of administrative measures and availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), in the first and third months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Turkey.

A 22-item online survey was e-mailed between the first and third months to TTS members, and participants' responses were evaluated.

The number of participants was 295 in the first survey and 141 in the second. In the second survey, the percentage of answers implying availability increased in all 18 control measures, 16 of which were statistically significant. However, there were still less than half of the respondents who reported the availability of psychological and behavioral support and some PPE, including respirators, facial protectors, goggles, and gowns. Statistical significance was observed for provision of a waiting area (P = .008), rooms for aerosol-generating procedures (P = .042), and special wards for patients with suspected or definite COVID-19 (P < .
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