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To achieve a high performance synchronized motion trajectory tracking of the hydraulic press slider-leveling electrohydraulic control system, an adaptive robust cross-coupling control strategy that incorporates the cross-coupling approach into adaptive robust control (ARC) architecture has been proposed. The primary objective of this study was describe that the nonlinear ARC controller together with a cross-coupling control (CCC) controller was integrated to solve the slider-leveling synchronization control system using four axes. A discontinuous projection-based ARC controller was constructed. A robust control method with dynamic compensation type fast adaptation was introduced to attenuate the effects of parameter estimation errors, unmodeled dynamics and disturbances, and improved the transient tracking performance of the system. The stability of the controller was proven by Lyapunov theory and the trajectory tracking error asymptotically convergences to zero. The simulation of a desired reference trajectory was included. The max tracking error of the proposed ARC controller of single axis was kept within-0.06 mm. The trajectory tracking error asymptotically converges to zero, which guaranteed the system would possess good transient behavior and confirmed the stability performance of the control system. The four axes synchronous errors of reference trajectory with cross-coupling controller indicated the maximum synchronization error of the proposed ARC + CCC controller between axis was within ±0.1 mm. The ARC together with a CCC controller for four hydraulic cylinders used parameter adaptation to obtain estimates of model parameters for reducing the extent of parametric uncertainties, and used a robust control law to attenuate the effects of parameter estimation errors, unmodeled dynamics, and disturbances. This study result shows that the proposed cross-coupling synchronization control scheme, together with the ARC law, provides excellent synchronization motion performance in a control system with four axes.
Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, many ESCC patients relapsed after receiving radiotherapy due to the inherent resistance. The function of miR-34a and SIRT1, as well as the correlation between miR-34a and SIRT1 has been widely claimed in multiple types of malignant tumors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-34a on radiation resistance against ESCC and the underlying mechanism.

In this study, CCK8, flow cytometry, wounding healing assays, and cell clone formation assay were used to determine the invitro anti-tumor effects of radiation on radiation-resistant ESCC cell line (rECA-109). The luciferase activity and Western Blot assays were used to investigate the relationship among miR-34a, SIRT1, and the anti-radiation resistant effects. The xenograft experiments were used to verify the important function of miR-34a and SIRT1 in radiation resistance against ESCC. The apoptosis state of tumor tissues was evaluated by TUNEL assay.

The introduction of miR-34a significantly induced the cell death and apoptosis of rECA-109 and inhibit the migration of rECA-109 treated by radiation. The anti-tumor effect was accompanied by the downregulation of SIRT1 and the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. The radiation resistance on rECA-109 cells was reversed by silencing SIRT1, accompanied by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway inhibited. In vivo experiments revealed that the radiation resistance on ESCC was reversed by the introduction of miR-34a, the effect of which was promoted by the activation of SIRT1.

Our results showed that miR-34a could reverse the radiation resistance on rECA-109 cells by downregulating the expression of SIRT1through inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway.
Our results showed that miR-34a could reverse the radiation resistance on rECA-109 cells by downregulating the expression of SIRT1through inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway.Daily fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) particle matter (PM) samples collected at Parque O'Higgins station in downtown Santiago de Chile have been studied to find the trends in concentration from 1998 to 2018. Elemental concentration was obtained using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Regression models from previous studies indicate that the PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 fractions have had a continuous decrease since 1988 mostly due to several policy control measures carried out over several decades. PM2.5 has decreased from 68.3 in 1988 to 27.6 μg/m3 in 2018 (60.4%). However, if only the last 8 years are considered (2011-2018), a leveling off can be observed in PM10-2.5 and PM2.5, which points to a change in the tendency. Cluster analysis of the elements in the fine and coarse fractions were identified to evaluate trends in the contributing sources. In the fine fraction, the mass contribution of crustal elements (Si, Al, Ca, and Fe) has remained stable in the last 8 years, and mass contribution of elements (Pb, Br, and Cl) ans indicating that the mass contribution of crustal elements (Ca, Al, Si, Fe) to the fine fraction has remained stable. This phenomenon can be ascribed to decreased rainfall during the last 8 years that have promoted soil dryness and resuspension of dust facilitated by wind or vehicular traffic. The crustal elements in the coarse fraction have also remained stable.Scaphoid and lunate mobility has been suggested to be minimal during the dart-throwing motion in studies based on serial computed tomography (CT) scans and cadaver studies. This study analyzes the direct motion between the scaphoid and the lunate during the dart-throwing motion in vivo. read more We examined nine individuals with standard CT scans of the wrist in radial extension and ulnar flexion. The paired CT scans were analyzed with a volume registration technique. The lunate was registered as fixed and the scaphoid as the mobile element. The motion of the scaphoid relative the lunate between the positions of radial extension and ulnar flexion was measured. There was considerable motion between the scaphoid and the lunate with both a distal to proximal translation and rotation during the dart-throwing motion, regardless of whether the scapholunate ligament was intact or not. These results suggest that aggressive dart-throwing exercises should not be implemented early on during rehabilitation following scapholunate repair.
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