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Predicting bacterial characteristics along with phylogenies.
Our results provide examples for the unexpected implication of DNA binding proteins and gene transcription in the regulation of mRNA stability in chloroplasts blurring the boundaries between DNA and RNA metabolism in this organelle. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The need to find new pharmacological targets for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been an extensive effort in alcohol research. Changes in immune function due to AUD may represent an exploitable target for developing new medications to treat AUD, since the cytotoxic effect of alcohol has shown to alter the expression of inflammatory mediators in the periphery and in the central nervous system (CNS). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Anxiety disorder is a common mental health disorder. However, there are few safe and fast-acting anxiolytic drugs available that can treat anxiety disorder. We previously demonstrated that the interaction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) with its carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand (CAPON) is involved in regulating anxiety-related behaviours. Here, we further investigated the anxiolytic effects of nNOS-CAPON disruptors in chronic stress-induced anxiety in animals. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were intravenously treated with nNOS-CAPON disruptors, ZLc-002 or Tat-CAPON12C, at the last week of chronic mild stress (CMS) exposure. Moreover, we also infused corticosterone (CORT) into the hippocampus of mice to model anxiety behaviours, and delivered ZLc-002 or Tat-CAPON12C into the hippocampus on the last week of chronic CORT treatment via pre-implanted cannula. Anxiety-related behaviours were examined using elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field (OF), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) and light-dd.The "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2) has spread over the four continents, causing the respiratory manifestations of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and satisfying the epidemiological criteria for a pandemic [1]. As of April 1, 2020, more than one million COVID-19 positive cases have been identified and more than 54,000 deaths have occurred worldwide [2]. In Italy, 110,574 positive cases, 49,285 hospitalized patients and 13,155 deaths out of a population of 60,359,546 inhabitants, have been reported, respectively [3]. The highest number of deaths occurred in the northern Italian regions, i.e. Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto and Piedmont [3]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PURPOSE Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is a technique that utilizes the acoustic signals induced by magnetic stimulation to reconstruct the electrical impedance distribution in biological tissues. Most algorithms ignored the fact that acoustic properties in human tissues are heterogeneous, which lead to distortion and blurring of small reconstructed objects. In this study, a novel algorithm is proposed for exactly reconstructing of the sound source distribution in acoustic heterogeneous tissues. METHODS Based on the ring transducer array, we develop an algorithm which combines algebraic reconstruction technique (ART) and time reversal method. Different to existing reconstruction methods, the ultrasonic transmission tomography (UTT) and the MAT-MI can be completed in same system, which decreases the system complexity. The sound velocity distribution is reconstructed with the ART so that the propagation time of the magnetoacoustic signals in the heterogeneous tissue is corrected. MK-0991 And then, the sound source image is reconstructed based on the time reversal method from new sound pressure data. Both numerical simulations and phantom experiments are established to validate the proposed method. RESULTS Compared with the results without consideration of the variation on acoustic speed, sound sources reconstructed by our method are more consistent with the model in terms of size and shape. CONCLUSIONS The novel algorithm can be used to reconstruct the high accuracy image of MAT-MI sound source in the sound velocity inhomogeneous media. In addition, this method is applicable to scenarios that the prior knowledge of the imaging targets is unknown. The signal acquisition time of MAT-MI in acoustically heterogeneity media is greatly reduced due to the introduction of ring transducer array into imaging system. Therefore, our method will promote the application of MAT-MI in noninvasive early diagnosis of tumor for preclinical study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVES Phosphorylation-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (phosSNPs) are missense SNPs that may influence protein phosphorylation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosSNPs on lipid levels and RA. METHODS We examined the association of phosSNPs with lipid levels and RA in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and performed random sampling and fgwas analyses to determine whether the phosSNPs associated with lipid levels and RA were significantly enriched. Furthermore, we performed QTL analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis to obtain additional evidence to be associated with the identified phosSNPs and genes. RESULTS We found 483 phosSNPs for lipid levels and 243 phosSNPs for RA in the GWAS loci (P less then 1.0 × 10-5). SNPs associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Total cholesterol (TC) and RA were significantly enriched with phosSNPs. Almost all of the identified phosSNPs showed expression quantitative trait lrd University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email [email protected] brainstem contains several neuronal populations, heterogeneous in term of neurotransmitter/neuropeptide content, which are important for controlling various aspects of the REM phase of sleep. Among these populations are the Calbindin (Calb)-immunoreactive NPCalb neurons, located in the Nucleus papilio, within the dorsal paragigantocellular nucleus (DPGi), and recently shown to control eye movement during the REM phase of sleep. We performed in depth data-mining of the in-situ hybridization data collected at the Allen Brain Atlas, in order to identify potentially interesting genes expressed in this brainstem nucleus. Our attention focused on genes encoding neuropeptides, including Cart (Cocaine and Amphetamine Regulated Transcripts) and Nesfatin1. While Nesfatin1 appeared ubiquitously expressed in this Calb-positive neuronal population, Cart was co-expressed in only a subset of these glutamatergic NPCalb neurons. Furthermore, a REM sleep deprivation and rebound assay performed with mice revealed that the Cart-positive neuronal population within the DPGi was activated during REM sleep (as measured by c-fos immunoreactivity), suggesting a role of this neuropeptide in regulating some aspects of REM sleep.
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