Notes

Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A possible Evaluate for the Impact of Sleep Treatment on Mental faculties Characteristics associated with People together with Sleeplessness.
However, remaining hypotheses were not supported, as changes in FSS and POS were not significantly associated with job insecurity, and heightened FSS was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Our study reinforces prior findings by showing that employees generally benefit when working for supportive supervisors and organizations, while also suggesting that episodic changes in FSS and POS may have limited impacts on workers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Altruistic behavior is understood to largely stem from adaptations for kin altruism, contingent on degree of relatedness, and/or reciprocal altruism, contingent on degree of benefits conferred in exchange for help. Because kin qualify for both kin and reciprocal altruism, they should receive greater support than friends, as has been demonstrated in prior research. Here, we tested this prediction with regard to willingness to punish on another's behalf, comparing inclinations to aggress against transgressors when the victim was framed as an acquaintance, close friend, cousin, sibling, or oneself. Participants endorsed comparably greater direct aggression on behalf of the self, kin, or friends relative to acquaintances, despite reporting substantially greater emotional closeness to friends, consistent with what has been termed a kinship premium. Kin engendered greater aid than is explicable by affiliative emotion. Participants also reported less anger-yet trends toward greater disgust-when victims were acquaintances relative to all other conditions, replicating prior work distinguishing the social functions of anger and disgust. These results are discussed as they inform both the kinship premium hypothesis and sociofunctional accounts of moral emotion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Sensory valuation is a fundamental aspect of cognition. It involves assigning hedonic value to a stimulus based on its sensory information considering personal and contextual factors. Hedonic values (e.g., liking) can be deemed affective states that motivate behavior, but the relations between hedonic and affective judgments have yet to be established. To fill this gap, we investigated the relations between stimulus features, perceived affect, and liking across domains and with potentially relevant individual traits. Fifty-eight participants untrained in music and visual art rated their liking and perceived valence and arousal for visual designs and short melodies varying in balance, contour, symmetry, or complexity and filled out several questionnaires. First, we examined group-level relations between perceived affect and liking across domains. Second, we inspected the relations between the individual use of musical and visual properties in judgments of liking and perceived affect-that is, between aesthetic and perceived-affect sensitivities. Third, we inquired into the influence of information-related (need for cognition, or NFC) and affect-related (need for emotion) traits on individual sensitivities. We found domain-specific effects of the stimulus features on liking, a linear association between valence and liking, the inverted-U model of arousal and liking, a binary profile of musical aesthetic sensitivities, and a modulatory effect of NFC on how people use stimulus properties in their hedonic and affective judgments. In summary, the results suggest that hedonic value is primarily computed from domain-specific sensory information partially moderated by NFC. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).In this foundational study, we test display rules for a set of 24 theoretically derived emotions to discover the key emotional dimensions underlying this important construct. Participants (Sample 1 [exploratory factor analysis, EFA] N = 339, 18-77 years; Sample 2 [confirmatory factor analysis, CFA] N = 477, 20-81 years) rated how important it was to control expressions of each emotion for them personally (self-rules). Sample 1 also gave ratings for other people (men-rules and women-rules). EFA revealed a three-dimensional (3D) structure, comprising emotions that have harmonious/affiliative (e.g., happiness, sympathy), vulnerable (e.g., sadness, shame), and disharmonious/dominant (e.g., anger, contempt) social implications. CFA confirmed the 3D model fit the data well, and demonstrated invariance between the two samples; men and women; different stages of the adult life span; and the three rule-types. The model also demonstrated good internal consistency and external validity via associations with individual differences in emotion regulation, emotion beliefs, and social anxiety. We then used the model to investigate theorized gender differences in display rules. Men's and women's self-rules did not differ, aligning with several previous studies. However, significant within-gender differences emerged across the three rule-types Men believed it was more important for them and other men to control their expressivity than for women to, while women believed it was more important for them personally to control their expressivity than for everyone else to, including other women. Hesperadin manufacturer Overall, our findings establish a novel model that highlights the social motivations underlying emotional display rules, paving the way for new understanding across contexts, cultural groups, and individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Although insomnia symptoms and chronic pain are associated, less is known about the temporal nature of the associations between these variables or the impact of internalizing symptoms on the associations. Concurrent and longitudinal associations were examined among insomnia symptoms, internalizing symptoms, and pain in youth with chronic pain in this retrospective analysis of clinical records. We hypothesized the following (a) pain, insomnia symptoms, and internalizing symptoms would be significantly interrelated at all waves, (b) insomnia symptoms would more strongly predict future pain than the reverse, and (c) internalizing symptoms would mediate the longitudinal association between insomnia symptoms and pain.

Youth (
= 132; age
= 15.34 years,
= 1.86 years) were assessed at their initial and two subsequent appointments (time between appointments
= 6.48 months,
= 4.43 months). At each appointment, youth reported their pain severity, insomnia symptoms, and internalizing symptoms. Confirmatoh with chronic pain should prioritize concurrent or early treatment of comorbid insomnia symptoms to maximize response to pain treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Early life stress may be linked to adult obesity. Alternatively, social support can buffer the effects of stress. The study's objective was to examine in a nationally representative sample, whether adolescent interpersonal and financial stress predict later obesity in adulthood and whether social support and social cohesion might buffer this effect.

The sample includes 6,504 participants across four waves in the Add Health dataset. Researchers created a structural equation model whereby latent measures of interpersonal stress and financial stress during adolescence were used to predict obesity (Body Mass Index, BMI ≥ 30) at Wave 4, 14 years later. Latent measures of social support and social cohesion were added to observe whether they buffered the effect of stress on adult BMI. Covariates included race/ethnicity, gender, self-rated health, smoking status, and age.

In an initial model of interpersonal and financial stressors and covariates predicting BMI, interpersonal stress (
< .001) but not finan22 APA, all rights reserved).
The COVID-19 pandemic spotlighted Black Americans' inequitable health care experiences. Across two studies, we tested the associations between health care experiences, historical knowledge of medical mistreatment, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans. We hypothesized that Black Americans' worse current health care experiences (rather than historical knowledge) and lower medical trust would be associated with lower COVID-19 vaccination intention (Study 1) and that feeling less cared for by their personal physician would be associated with Black Americans' lower medical trust (Study 2).

In convenience (Study 1, December 2020) and nationally representative samples (Study 2, March-April 2021), participants completed online surveys.

In Study 1 (
= 297), Black (relative to White) Americans reported lower vaccination intention (Cohen's
= -.55,
< .001) and lower medical trust (Cohen's
= -.72,
< .001). Additionally, less positive health care experiences among Black participants (Cohen's
= -.33,
= .022) were associated with less medical trust and in turn lower vaccination intention. Tuskegee Study knowledge was not associated with vaccination intention or medical trust. Study 2 (
= 12,757) data revealed no statistically significant racial differences in COVID-19 vaccination receipt or intention. Black (relative to White) Americans reported feeling less cared for by their personal physician (Cohen's
= -.44,
< .001), which was associated with lower medical trust (Cohen's
= -.51,
< .001).

Findings highlight factors that may contribute to Black Americans' vaccination hesitancy and medical trust. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Findings highlight factors that may contribute to Black Americans' vaccination hesitancy and medical trust. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Adult vaccination rates in the United States fall short of national goals, and rates are particularly low for Black Americans. We tested a provider-focused vaccination uptake intervention a modified electronic health record clinical reminder that bundled together three adult vaccination reminders, presented patient vaccination history, and included talking points for providers to address vaccine hesitancy.

Primary care teams at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, who saw 28,941 patients during this period, were randomly assigned to receive either the modified clinical reminder (
= 44 teams) or the status quo (
= 40 teams).

Uptake of influenza and other adult vaccinations was 1.6 percentage points higher in the intervention group, which was not statistically significant (confidence interval, CI [-1.3, 4.4],
= .28). The intervention had similar effects on Black and White patients and did not reduce the disparity in vaccination rates between these groups.

Provider-focused interventions are a promising way to address vaccine hesitancy, but they may need to be more intensive than a modified clinical reminder to have appreciable effects on vaccination uptake. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Provider-focused interventions are a promising way to address vaccine hesitancy, but they may need to be more intensive than a modified clinical reminder to have appreciable effects on vaccination uptake. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).A leader's expressed humility has a favorable influence on subordinates' job satisfaction, creativity, and performance. However, we know little about how humility affects one's same-level coworkers. Shifting focus away from leader's humility, we suggest that coworker humility can also produce positive effects but has a relationship-specific component. Some coworker relationships are characterized by greater expression of humility than others. Specifically, we hypothesize that when a coworker expresses a uniquely high degree of humility to another coworker (i.e., relationship-specific humility), the latter coworker experiences a uniquely high level of psychological safety (i.e., relationship-specific psychological safety), which in turn leads that coworker to perform better (i.e., relationship-specific performance). Pilot Study 1 (N = 155, in 32 teams, yielding 823 relationship-specific ratings) showed that humility has a substantial relationship-specific variance component, even in unacquainted teams. Pilot Study 2 (N = 180, in 39 teams, yielding 854 relationship-specific ratings) built on these results in a sample of moderately acquainted teams and showed that relationship-specific humility is associated with relationship-specific perceptions of performance.
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