Notes

Throughout disease and in wellness.
The aim of this study was to examine and compare decision-making preferences on end-of-life care for older people in Japan, the Hong Kong SAR and South Korea.

Cultural values and beliefs influence decision-making on end-of-life care.

A cross-sectional design was adopted.

Community-dwelling people aged ≥65 with additional requirements were recruited in 2016-2017 in the three regions. Their decision-making preferences on end-of-life care were assessed using Pang et al.'s questionnaire. These preferences and their sociodemographic and personal experience variables were compared and analysed using univariate and multiple logistic regressions. The STROBE checklist was followed.

This study involved 415 participants. In all three regions, the most preferred decision maker and person with whom to discuss end-of-life care issues was a family member. Participants in the Hong Kong SAR were less likely to select a family member as their preferred decision maker than those in Japan (adjusted odds ratio=0.129). K older people to determine their preferred care. Helping families to understand and support the planned care and advance directives is a strategy for maximising family compliance with the care. Continuous efforts should be made to promote advance care planning and advance directives.Inherited arrhythmia conditions (IAC) can lead to sudden cardiac death at any age, and relatives of an affected person have up to a 50% chance of inheriting the condition and are at risk for developing features. PR-957 solubility dmso Cascade testing is a stepwise approach for identifying relatives at risk for IACs through clinical screening and genetic testing. Early detection can reduce morbidity and mortality for affected individuals and determine potential risk mitigation strategies for relatives. However, cardiovascular genetic studies have reported an incomplete uptake of cascade testing in at-risk relatives. We explored patient perspectives on cascade testing for IACs and alternative approaches to family communication. Twelve semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with probands of the British Columbia Inherited Arrhythmia Program confirmed to carry a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in a gene associated with an IAC. Thematic analysis of transcripts through an iterative coding process revealed five main themes (a) a stepwise approach is followed in disclosing risk to relatives, (b) relatives' autonomy in cascade testing is supported, (c) lived experience with the condition influences disclosure and uptake of cascade testing, (d) collaborative approach to informing relatives reduces negative impact of disclosure, and (e) direct contact from a healthcare provider is viewed as acceptable. The findings highlight this patient cohort's experiences and opinions with approaches to disclosure and demonstrate their understanding and acceptance of their relatives' approaches to cascade testing. In addition, while the notion of direct contact was generally accepted, a collaborative approach to contacting relatives between the proband and provider may be most effective.The potential for preventive medicine to lead to more equitable health outcomes exists with the inclusion of genetic testing in medicine. Because of the medical implications of genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes and the financial cost attached to recommended management, ensuring equitable access to cancer screening and prevention must be made a priority. For patients with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome, the benefits of early detection and prevention are clear, significant, and create the opportunity to provide more equitable, personalized, preventive healthcare. Thus, for genetics providers who offer testing access for their patients, it is important to reflect on the ethical responsibility of advocating for access to appropriate management. Cancer genetic counselors can advocate for health equity by providing thorough pre-test genetic counseling, collaborating with other disciplines to coordinate care, lobbying state, and national representatives to pass legislation promoting health equity, and developing a management clinic that helps to ensure follow-up. Equitable access to and benefit from hereditary cancer risk management must be achieved in the pursuit of personalized preventive medicine.Methamphetamine (MA) use among individuals who experience homelessness has tripled in recent years. This is a problematic trend given the harmful impacts of this substance on health and social well-being. While there is a large body of literature on the relationship between substance use and trauma, little is known about the scope of existing empirical literature exploring this topic related to MA use. Anecdotally, MA is frequently associated with violence and victimisation, which may be related to stigma associated with using MA. However, little is known about the scope of empirical literature exploring violence and victimisation in the lives of individuals who experience homelessness and use MA. We conducted a scoping review to fill this gap in existing literature using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. Our search was conducted between January 2021 and March 2021 and was deployed in seven databases Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Nursing and Allied Health and AMED. Two independent raters screened 700 titles and abstracts after the removal of duplicates. A total of 54 articles were subjected to a full-text review and 20 articles met the inclusion criteria. We generated two themes methamphetamine and victimisation and challenging behaviours. Six (30%) of the included articles explored MA use in relation to violence, while 18 (90%) explored experiences of victimisation among persons experiencing homelessness. Our findings highlight that individual who experience homelessness and use MA are particularly vulnerable to experiences of trauma. Though existing literature does acknowledge the challenging behaviour associated with MA use, only three existing studies demonstrated a relationship between MA use and physical violence. Research exploring the impacts of MA use on victimisation among persons who experience homelessness, and the development of interventions for managing challenging behaviours associated with MA use are needed.
The coronary cusps (CCs) are utilized as an alternative vantage point for radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of left ventricularsummit ventricular arrhythmias but are sometimes a challenge despite favorable activation timing and pace mapping.

Ex vivo experiments were performed in 12 intact porcine hearts submerged in a 37°C saline bath. Radiofrequency (RF) applications were delivered with an irrigated contact force sensing catheter oriented 45° to the endocardial left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) surface and nadir of the CCs using different dosing parameters. Sections were stained in 2% triphenyltetrazolium chloride and lesion dimensions were measured. Thermal infrared imaging analysis was used to compare time-to-lethal tissue temperature and depth/area of lethal isotherms.

A total of 60 RF applications were performed under different dosing parameters for (1) 30, 40, and 50  Watts (W) × 30 s and (2) 40 W × 30, 45, and 60 s. Lesion depth was greater with RFCA from LVOT than from the CCs (maximumf 58°C was longer in the CC group than in the LVOT group (4.7 vs. 11.3 s; p = .02) CONCLUSIONS RFCA from the CC led comparatively to shallower lesion depth than from the LVOT. Longer RF duration led to an increase in lesion volume during ablation from CCs.
Regular dental attendance is important in order to receive preventive care, maintain good oral health and identify oral and dental disease at an early stage; however, many people do not visit their dentist regularly. Barriers to regular attendance have been studied in small patient groups but not in the wider general population.

To outline concerns about visiting the dentist and suggestions about how dentists could help using a general population sample.

A survey was constructed using Qualtrics XM software and circulated. Respondents completed questionnaires about dental anxiety and about their concerns and suggestions around dental appointments including the option for free-text answers.

One hundred and fifty-four people completed the survey. Common concerns were the unknown element (62.58%) and worries about 'bad teeth' (60.54%). The most popular request for change was for dentists to inform patients of the condition of all their teeth including those in good health (86.30%). A thematic analysis of qualitative responses identified themes of control, shame, discomfort, long-term impact and cost. Several concerns and suggestions for improvement were expressed.

Although the pain associated with dental treatment was identified as important, concerns about the unknown and feeling vulnerable were seen as a higher priority. People in the general population want dentists to help them to feel informed and in control at dental appointments and to be involved in discussions about how they are feeling and what is important to them.
Although the pain associated with dental treatment was identified as important, concerns about the unknown and feeling vulnerable were seen as a higher priority. People in the general population want dentists to help them to feel informed and in control at dental appointments and to be involved in discussions about how they are feeling and what is important to them.In this work, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) is for the first time employed as electron-deficient core (A') to construct an A-D-A'-D-A type nonfused-ring electron acceptor (NFREA) for polymer solar cells (PSCs). Among, cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) and fluorinated dicyanoindanone (DFIC) are involved as electron-donating (D) bridges and terminal A groups, respectively. Bearing with the steric BODIPY core, tMBCIC exhibits twisted configuration with dihedral angles >45° between BODIPY and CPDT bridges. Thus, compared with the BODIPY-free planar A-D-D-A structured bCIC, reduced aggregation, weakened intramolecular D-A interactions with up-shifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital by 0.4 eV as well as blueshifted absorption by up to 150 nm is observed in tMBCIC. Moreover, owing to the intrinsic large molar extinction coefficient from BODIPY, promoted light-harvest ability is achieved for tMBCIC, particularly in its blend films. Therefore, PSCs by using PBDB-T as donor, tMBCIC as NFREA afford superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.22% and higher open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 0.954 V compared to 4.47% and 0.739 V from bCIC-devices. Moreover, compared to other BODIPY-flanked electron acceptors ( less then 5%) reported so far, BODIPY-cored tMBCIC realizes a remarkable progress in PCE.
The dual upregulation of TOP2A and EZH2 gene expression has been proposed as a biomarker for recurrence in prostate cancer patients to be treated with radical prostatectomy. A low tissue level of the metabolite citrate has additionally been connected to aggressive disease and recurrence in this patient group. However, for radiotherapy prostate cancer patients, few prognostic biomarkers have been suggested. The main aim of this study was to use an integrated tissue analysis to evaluate metabolites and expression of TOP2A and EZH2 as predictors for recurrence among radiotherapy patients.

From 90 prostate cancer patients (56 received neoadjuvant hormonal treatment), 172 transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsies were collected prior to radiotherapy. Metabolic profiles were acquired from fresh frozen TRUS biopsies using high resolution-magic angle spinning MRS. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry staining for TOP2A and EZH2 were performed on TRUS biopsies containing cancer cells (n = 65) from 46 patients, where 24 of these patients (n = 31 samples) received hormonal treatment.
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