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Look at subclinical alterations in retinal tiers as well as microvascular structures together with April and also OCTA in healthy small short-term people who smoke.
This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio (MPR) for coronary plaque features in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 275 STEMI patients undergoing preintervention optical coherence tomography examination were included, with 142 categorized as plaque rupture (PR) and 133 as plaque erosion (PE). Multivariable logistic regression showed higher MPR was an independent predictor of PR (tertile 3 vs tertile 1, odds ratio 6.257, 95% confidence interval 1.586-24.686, P = 0.009). MPR showed better diagnostic performance than other platelet indices. The optimal MPR threshold for diagnosing PR was 0.0473 (sensitivity 0.721, specificity 0.647). When added to models of established risk factors, MPR significantly improved the predictive accuracy of PR (area under the curve 0.767 vs 0.722, P difference = 0.004). In conclusion, for STEMI patients, MPR was an independent predictor of PR and improved diagnostic performance for PR.Angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) have an unfavorable prognosis, possibly due to diffuse myocardial fibrosis (DMF). In DMF the proteoglycans biglycan and versican are actively remodeled by matrix metalloproteinase. We investigated biglycan and versican in females with angina and possible DMF assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Seventy-one females with angina and no obstructive CAD were included. Asymptomatic females served as controls. Versican and biglycan were measured and CMR was performed measuring extracellular volume. Biglycan and versican levels were higher in symptomatic females compared with controls; 31.4 ng/mL vs. 16.4 ng/mL (p less then 0.001) and 2.1 ng/mL vs. 1.8 ng/mL (p less then 0.001) and moderately correlated to extracellular volume (r2 = 0.38, p less then 0.001 and r2 = 0.26, p = 0.015). Turnover of biglycan and versican was increased in angina females compared with controls and associated with extracellular volume, supporting a link between angina with no obstructive CAD and fibrotic remodeling.The continuous rise in relapse rate and mortality for multiple myeloma (MM) demands an effective treatment option. The microRNAs are emerging nowadays for their promising therapeutic potential. Earlier, we reported involvement of Versican (VCAN) in myeloma pathogenesis which could be inhibited by miR-144 and miR-199 in stroma. However, there is dearth of literature showcasing the direct effect of these miRs in association with VCAN in MM. Expression of miR-144 and miR-199 was determined in myeloma cell lines (RPMI8226 & U266). These miRs were inhibited by small oligos to elucidate changes in expression of VCAN along with variation in parameters such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in vitro. Selleck H-151 Moreover, effect on certain downstream signaling cascades was also evaluated. Lastly, interaction of miRs with VCAN was assessed by reporter luciferase assay. microRNAs expression were found significantly elevated in myeloma cells in comparison to stromal levels reported previously. The antagomirs-mediated inhibition of miR-144 and miR-199 significantly induced VCAN expression in myeloma cells along with alteration in myeloma-associated parameters in favor of myeloma pathogenesis with downstream activation of FAK/STAT3 signaling. Interestingly, miR-144 found to have direct binding with VCAN 3' UTR while miR-199 possess different mechanism. The inhibition of miR-144 and miR-199 contributed in myeloma progression via upregulation of VCAN in vitro affirming the translational significance of VCAN and associated microRNAs in MM. These miRs, hence might be employed for targeting VCAN and might emerge as an effective therapy for the better outcome of MM in clinical settings in future.LncRNAs have been proposed to be associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). LncRNA HLA complex group 22 (HCG22) was reported to be lowly expressed and associated with poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the biological role and related mechanism of HCG22 in OSCC have not been characterized. HCG22 expression in OSCC cells was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated by Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) proliferation assay, Transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), E-cadherin, Vimentin, Bcl-2, Bax, protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), and β-catenin were detected by western blot. Cell growth evaluation was performed using in vitro colony formation assay and in vivo tumor xenograft assay. We found that HCG22 was weakly expressed in OSCC cells. HCG22 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and invasion and induced apoptosis in OSCC cells. The levels of PCNA, Vimentin, and Bcl-2 were decreased and E-cadherin and Bax expression was elevated in OSCC cells after HCG22 overexpression. Additionally, HCG22 overexpression inhibited the Akt, mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Activation of Akt, mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways attenuated the anti-tumor property of HCG22 in OSCC cells. Furthermore, HCG22 overexpression inhibited the growth of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, HCG22 exerted anti-tumor property in OSCC by inhibiting the Akt, mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.We assessed the short-term viability and recovery of zooplankton communities after exposure to glyphosate (active ingredient-a.i.). We conducted a hatching experiment in two steps Step 1-natural lake sediments containing resting egg banks were placed into individual trays and exposed to a solution medium of glyphosate at three different treatments (LD = Values below the detection limits, LD  less then  0.05, 0.44, and 0.89 mg a.i./L) for 14 days; and Step 2-we replaced the exposure solution of glyphosate with distilled freshwater, keeping them all trays under freshwater conditions for another 14 day. The results from Step 1 showed significant effects of glyphosate on the emergence patterns of resting eggs, with a reduction in hatching of rotifers, mainly at concentrations of 0.44 and 0.89 mg a.i./L. On the other hand, the results from Step 2 showed an increase in the emergence of viable eggs for rotifers after restoration of freshwater conditions in all treatments; there was no effect for total zooplankton and microcrustaceans. These findings suggest that (i) glyphosate may, effectively, impair zooplankton hatching from resting egg banks; (ii) the magnitude of the negative effects depends on the the zooplanktonic group considered; and (iii) the restoration of freshwater conditions may, in some way, allow the recovery of the zooplankton community from viable egg banks. Our results can be useful in predicting the influence of glyphosate on the distribution patterns of freshwater zooplankton, which can represent vital information for environmental managers.
Germline genetic mutation plays a significant role in breast cancer susceptibility. The strength of such predisposition varies among ethnic groups across the globe, and clinical data from Asian population to develop a strategic approach to who should undergo a genetic test are lacking.

We performed a multigene test with next generation sequencing in Thai patients whose clinical history fulfilled NCCN criteria for breast/ovarian cancer genetic assessment, consists of 306 breast cancer patients, 62 ovarian cancer patients, 14 pancreatic cancer patients and 7 prostate cancer patients. Genetic test result and clinical history were then checked with each NCCN criteria to determined detection rate for each indication.

There were 83 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants identified in 104 patients, 44 of these P/LP variants were novel. We reported a high rate of germline P/LP variants in breast cancer (24%), ovarian cancer (37%), pancreatic cancer (14%), and prostate cancer (29%). Germline P/LP variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 accounted for 80% of P/LP variants found in breast cancer and 57% of P/LP variants found in ovarian cancer. The detection rate of patients who fulfilled NCCN 2019 guideline for genetic/familial high-risk assessment of breast and ovarian cancers was 22-40%.

Overall, the data from this study strongly support the consideration of multigene panel test as a diagnostic tool for patients with inherited cancer susceptibility in Thailand and Asian population. Implementation of the NCCN guideline is applicable, some modification may be needed to be more suitable for Asian population.
Overall, the data from this study strongly support the consideration of multigene panel test as a diagnostic tool for patients with inherited cancer susceptibility in Thailand and Asian population. Implementation of the NCCN guideline is applicable, some modification may be needed to be more suitable for Asian population.
This study assessed real-world risk of invasive disease recurrence (IDR) and associated factors in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive (HER2+) early breast cancer (BC) with pathological complete responses (pCR) after neoadjuvant pertuzumab plus trastuzumab (nPT) plus chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant trastuzumab (aT).

Patients with HER2+ BC with pCR after nPT from 2013 to 2015 who received aT were identified in the US Oncology Network and followed until IDR or censoring. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were used to assess invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and correlation between iDFS and patient characteristics.

A total of 217 pCR patients' charts were reviewed; median age was 52years. Most had stage IIA or IIB disease (62%), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≤ 1 (84%), tumor size > 2cm (75%), positive nodes (N+, 62%) and negative estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER- and PR-) expression (52%). Four-year iDFS rates were 90.0% overall (95% CI 84.6%, 93.6%), 86.2% for the N+ cohort and 96.0% for the N- cohort. Cox regression suggested that age, body mass index, ECOG PS, N+ status, stage T3 or T4, and ER+ or PR+ status were risk factors for IDR but were not statistically significant.

Consistent with previous studies, this real-world study observed that patients with HER2+ BC showing pCR with nPT remain at risk for IDR, especially with node-positive disease at diagnosis. Alternatives to adjuvant trastuzumab alone, including combined trastuzumab and pertuzumab, should be considered to improve outcomes for initially N+ patients showing pCR with nPT.
Consistent with previous studies, this real-world study observed that patients with HER2+ BC showing pCR with nPT remain at risk for IDR, especially with node-positive disease at diagnosis. Alternatives to adjuvant trastuzumab alone, including combined trastuzumab and pertuzumab, should be considered to improve outcomes for initially N+ patients showing pCR with nPT.Multiple myeloma (MM) is associated to an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). IMPEDE-VTE score constitutes a valuable risk assessment tool for VTE prediction in first-line MM patients. Nevertheless, refinement of the primary thromboprophylaxis category of this score (which pools aspirin and heparin) seems desirable. To investigate the role of the type of thromboprophylaxis, within IMPEDE-VTE score, for VTE prediction in MM patients. Retrospective analysis of a single-center cohort of 438 MM patients receiving first-line antimyeloma treatment (1991-2020). IMPEDE-VTE score was calculated. Primary thromboprophylaxis was additionally stratified into aspirin- and heparin-based regimen subgroups. VTE risk was analyzed by Cox regression. Median follow-up during first-line antimyeloma treatment was 6.0 months (IQR 4.1-9.0 months). Twenty-three patients developed VTE (5.3%, 95%CI 3.4-7.8%). IMPEDE-VTE score showed a notable predictive value (area under the ROC curve 0.70, 95%CI 0.60-0.80). Cox analysis confirmed that 1-point increase in the score resulted in a 1.
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