Notes

Using appearing systems to improve the procedure model with regard to spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage.
A series of Magnesium hydrogen phosphate (MgHP) catalysts with different magnesium to phosphorous (Mg/P) mole ratios at varying calcination temperatures has been synthesised, bearing in mind the effectiveness as well as the stability of MgHP to catalyse acrylic acid (AA) production from biorenewable lactic acid (LA), a synthetic process applicable to biomass conversion. The physicochemical properties of the MgHP catalysts have been thoroughly characterised and the formation of Mg(NH₄)PO₄, MgHPO₄ and Mg₂P₂O7 with different structural and acidic properties have been reported. The high catalytic performance of MgHP catalysts with high AA yields (100% conversion and 85% selectivity) at high space velocities (WHSVLA = 3.13 h-1) have been achieved at 360 °C. NH₃-Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and pyridine FTIR have shown that the effectiveness of a catalyst is accounted for not primarily by the actual strength of acidic sites, but is due to the presence of Lewis acidic sites compared to Bronsted sites.At present, nanotechnology field development makes a major role in photocatalysis. CdS-ZnMoO₄ (36.6 wt%) coupled nanophotocatalyst is synthesized using facile hydrothermal method. The CdSZnMoO₄ catalyst shows superior photocatalytic activity in the Naphthol Green B (NGB) dye degradation in UV-A (365 nm) light irradiation. XRD analysis reveals the monoclinic structure of ZnMoO₄, cubic structure of CdS. PL shows lesser the recombination (e--h+) rate of electron-hole pair formation. UV-Vis-DRS reveals an increase in absorption in entire visible region while loading with CdS. SEM images indicate that CdS-ZnMoO₄ has nanofibrous structure. EDS reveal that Cd and S are present on the ZnMoO₄ surface. ECM indicates the division of homogeneity in elements. SAED pattern of HR-TEM images proved high crystalline properties of the catalyst. XPS reveals the different oxidation states and term-symbols of Cd, S, Zn, Mo and O in this catalyst with corresponding binding energies. Isoxazole 9 beta-catenin activator CdS-ZnMoO₄ (18.5 m²g-1) has a higher surface area compared to ZnMoO₄ (10.8 m²g-1). Current densities obtained from CV reveals the higher cyclic movement of electrons (electrochemical activity) of CdS-ZnMoO₄. An effective parameters for photodegradability of NGB dye by CdS-ZnMoO₄ was analyzed.One dimensional Zn doped CuFe₂O₄ spinel ferrite nanofibers were successfully prepared via a facile electrospinning method followed by two different calcination routes. The results showed that the as-prepared nanofibers through two-step calcination exhibited more uniform size distribution in diameter compared with those calcined by one-step method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that with the increase of Zn content the position of diffraction peaks of Zn doped CuFe₂O₄ slightly shift towards lower 2θ angle because the ionic sizes of the Zn2+ (0.74 Å) is larger than that of Cu2+ (0.69 Å). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that with increasing Zn content the position of vibrational band (590 cm-1) shifted towards the smaller wavenumber. Generally, photo-generated carriers increased with the increasing of Zn content. The photo Fenton-like catalytic results revealed that the doping of Zn facilitated the enhancement of degradation efficiency of catalysts. Additionally, 10 at.% Zn doped CuFe₂O₄ exhibited the best photo Fenton-like catalytic activity and the degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B (RhB) could reach 100% in 40 min. Finally, the enhancement of photo Fenton-like catalytic mechanism of the Zn doped CuFe₂O₄ nanofibers was mainly attributed to actived spinel structure lattice by Zn doping, which allows more Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions are involved in the photo Fenton-like catalytic reaction.In this study, graphene oxide (GO) sheets were successfully synthesized using two routes conventional Hummers' (HGO) and modified Hummers' (or Marcano's) (MGO) methods. GO sheets were then assembled with TiO₂ nanoparticles to form nanocomposites (i.e., HGO-TO and MGO-TO). The properties of HGO and MGO and their nanocomposites with TiO₂ were evaluated by Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR), Raman, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) adsorption, and diffuse reflectance (DRS) spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size of MGO, determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation, were 565 m²g-1, 376 cm³ g-1, and 30 nm, respectively; all of these parameters decreased after MGO was combined with TiO₂. In addition, compared with HGO, MGO possessed higher oxidation level and more stable bonding with TiO₂ nanoparticles. The morphology of HGO and MGO, which were characterized by scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopies (TEM), together with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and elemental mapping technique, was determined to consist of TiO₂ nanoparticle-assembled GO sheets. All GO-TiO₂ nanocomposite samples exhibited a very high activity (˜100%) toward rhodamine B (RhB) dye photodegradation under natural sunlight exposure within 60 min. The obtained results for the GO-TiO₂ nanocomposite showed the potential of its application in wastewater purification and other environmental aspects.Carbon-coated lithium vanadium phosphate cathode materials were successfully prepared via an ultra-fast microwave irradiation route in 5 min with using activated carbon as the microwave adsorbent. We aimed to utilize this ultra-fast and facile route to shorten the synthesis procedure for obtaining Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C cathode material with superior rate capability. To characterize the intrinsic crystal structure and exterior architecture morphology of targeted material, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied in experiment. The role of microwave irradiation treatment time in affecting the crystalline structure and related lithium-storage electrochemical performance is also investigated in detail. For the optimal Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C material, it delivered a specific discharge capacity of 110.1 mAh g-1 at a 0.2 C charging/discharging rate while hold a superior cycling stability over 50 cycles when tested at a 1 C rate. The ultra-fast synthesis route should pave a new way to save the energy in the preparation of phosphate-based electroactive cathode material.Tin oxide/sponge carbon composite (SnO₂/C) is synthesized by solvothermal reaction. The expected electrode materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectrum. Related electrochemical properties are carried out by battery comprehensive testing system. The composite could remain its specific capacity at 660.5 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles and behaved superior rate performance. The experimental results show that SnO₂/C composite not only owned improved conductivity but also stable frame structure during lithiation/delithiation processes. So SnO₂/C composite behaved higher reversible specific capacity and rate performance than those of pure SnO₂ or SnC₂O₄. Based on its outstanding electrochemical performances, the SnO₂/C anode electrode is a hopeful candidate for future application in lithium ion battery system.We report on the synthesis of 3D mesoporous fullerene/carbon hybrid materials with ordered porous structure and high surface area by mixing the solution of fullerene and sucrose molecules in the nanochannels of 3D mesoporous silica, KIT-6 via nanotemplating approach. The addition of sucrose molecules in the synthesis offers a thin layer of carbon between the fullerene molecules which enhances not only the specific surface area and the specific pore volume but also the conductivity of the hybrid materials. The prepared hybrids exhibit 3D mesoporous structure and show a much higher specific surface area than that of the pure mesoporous fullerene. The hybrids materials are used as the electrodes for supercapacitor and Li-ion battery applications. The optimised hybrid sample shows an excellent rate capability and a high specific capacitance of 254 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g, which is much higher than that of the pure mesoporous fullerene, mesoporous carbon, activated carbon and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. When used as the electrode for Li-ion battery, the sample delivers the largest specific capacity of 1067 mAh/g upon 50 cycles at the current density of 0.1 A/g with stability. These results reveal that the addition of carbon in the mesoporous fullerene with 3D structure makes a significant impact on the electrochemical properties of the hybrid samples, demonstrating their potential for applications in Li-ion battery and supercapacitor devices.We report a novel FeS₂ loaded large SiO₂ sphere (diameter of 3 cm) via double immobilization with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (KH590) as a highly efficient, stable, and tweezers-recoverable heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst (FeS₂/KH590/SiO₂@KH590). link2 Notably, as-prepared composite catalyst exhibits a significant recycling improvement (10 runs) over free FeS₂ powder (3 runs). The outstanding recyclability and stability of FeS₂/KH590/SiO₂@KH590 can be attributed to the passivation of FeS₂ nanoparticles on SiO₂ surface by KH590 and subsequent prevention of Fe2+ leaching. Overall, our work provides a new avenue towards fabricating composite Fenton-like catalyst with high stability, enhanced recyclability and the advantage of easy separation.In this work, a novel N-doped magnetic mesoporous carbon (NMC) composite (Fe₃O₄/NMC) was synthesized by a two-step process. First, NMC was prepared by a template method using a melamine formaldehyde resin as nitrogen and carbon sources, and then, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were loaded into the as-prepared NMC via in-situ coprecipitation process. The morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of Fe₃O₄/NMC were characterized and its adsorption properties were investigated. It can be found that Fe₃O₄/NMC with saturation magnetization of 20 emu · g-1 features a mesoporous structure, and its specific surface area reaches 513 m² · g-1. These two excellent specificities are propitious to the adsorption and separation of Ag(I) from aqueous solution. link3 The adsorption behavior of Fe₃O₄/NMC nanocomposite has been investigated by adsorption kinetics and isotherms adsorption analyses as well. The adsorption isotherm and the adsorption kinetics of Ag(I) onto Fe₃O₄/NMC agrees well with Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. Moreover, the Fe₃O₄/NMC was easily to recovery by applied magnetic field, the adsorption capacity of Fe₃O₄/NMC was about 90.3% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after five continuous uses.A systematic study was carried out to evaluate the uptake and cytotoxicity of methotrexate (MTX) conjugated to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) modified with glycerol phosphate (Glyc) and phosphorylethanolamine (PEA), using MCF-7 cancer cell line as model. The ligand shell composition was controlled in such a way to get SPIONs with nine different surface functionalization and up to three co-conjugated ligands but the very iron oxide core, in order to test and compare uptake and cytotoxicity, and verify possible additive effects. Folic acid (FA), the non-toxic analogue of MTX, was also explored as ligand for SPIONs. Glyc was shown to enhance dramatically the cellular uptake despite the high negative zeta potentials, whereas PEA, FA and MTX was found to have a much lower effect on the cellular uptake. Also, a significant ten times lowering of IC50 was observed for the co-conjugated MTX in the SPION-Glyc/PEA/MTX as compared to the free drug, whereas the analogue SPION-Glyc/PEA/FA nanoparticles exhibited no significant cytotoxicity.
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