Notes

Output of n-caproate utilizing foodstuff waste by way of thermophilic fermentation with out inclusion of exterior electron donors.
Positive changes were found through observations of interviews, workbooks, and emotional change checklists that were recorded in each session.

We observed positive changes in the prisoners' health conditions measured before and after participating in the HT program. The prisoners who participated in the HT program showed decreased depression (-2.6), and increased self-esteem (+1.2) and life satisfaction (+4.0).

The prisoner rehabilitation HT program was associated with improvements in the participants' psychological health. Future efforts will be required to investigate the effects of an HT program with a larger sample size to perform statistical analysis for providing convincing evidence.
The prisoner rehabilitation HT program was associated with improvements in the participants' psychological health. Future efforts will be required to investigate the effects of an HT program with a larger sample size to perform statistical analysis for providing convincing evidence.
Huanglian-jie-du (HJD) granule, which is composed of representative "heat-clearing" herbs has been used for
.
is a culture-bound syndrome in Korea, characterized by distinct somatic symptoms such as chest congestion and heat sensation resulting from suppressed anger. We investigated the effect of HJD in patients with
.

Forty-four patients with
were recruited, and HJD or placebo granules were administered orally three times daily for seven days. The two primary outcomes were somatic symptoms, which were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15), and insomnia, which was measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at post-treatment.

Between July 10 and October 31, 2017, 44 patients with
(mean age 36.68 years; and 38 female) were randomly assigned to HJD (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) group. After administration of HJD or placebo granule for seven days, ISI score was lower in the HJD group compared to placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -2.56 [95% CI -4.72 to -0.39], p = 0.0208). Meanwhile, there was no difference in PHQ-15 score between HJD group and placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -0.50 [95% CI -3.02-4.02], p = 0.7812).

Our results suggest that the administration of HJD granule has a potential to improve insomnia in
patients. Effect of HJD granule for general somatic symptoms in
byung patients is unclear, and further researches are needed.

Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0002379.
Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0002379.Toxoplasma gondii infects most warm-blooded animals, including humans. Felids can serve as both intermediate and definitive hosts for T. gondii. However, there is no direct evidence to prove the caracal (Caracal caracal) is an intermediate host for T. gondii. Here, we report T. gondii infection in two caracals in a zoo from China. Antibodies against T. gondii were found in both caracals by modified agglutination test (MAT) (cut-off titer 125). Tissue cysts were observed in the leg and tongue muscles of caracal case# 1. These cysts were confirmed as T. gondii by immunohistochemical staining and T. gondii was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Viable T. gondii strain was isolated from the striated muscles of caracal case# 2 and designated as TgCaracalCHn1. DNA from tachyzoites obtained from cell cultures was characterized by RFLP-PCR using ten markers (SAG1, SAG3, SAG2, BTUB, c22-8, GRA6, c29-2, PK1, L358, and Apico) and the virulence genes (ROP5 and ROP18). The results indicate that this isolate belongs to ToxoDB genotye #2 (Type III). The virulence of this isolate was evaluated in BALB/c mice. A dose of 104 TgCaracalCHn1 tachyzoites was non-lethal to mice. Tissue cysts were found in brain tissues of infected mice. This result confirmed that the TgCaracalCHn1 is non-virulent to mice. Current study documents first isolation of viable T. gondii strain from caracal and also indicates that caracal can act as new intermediate host for T. gondii.Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an obligate intracellular parasite and the most common pathogen of microsporidiosis in humans and animals. In this study, a total of 198 fecal samples were collected from 11 captive populations of Rhesus macaque in Chinese zoos, to investigate the prevalence and analyze the zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi by genotype of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene on the rRNA of E. bieneusi via nested PCR. Results showed that the average infection rate of E. bieneusi in the 11 populations was 13.6%, and the highest infection rate was 56.5% in the population of Xinjiang Tianshan Zoo. Seven genotypes were identified including 2 known genotypes (D and CM1) and 5 novel genotypes (Mul1, Mul2, Mul3, Mul4 and Mul5). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the novel genotypes Mul2, Mul3, Mul4 and Mul5 belonged to Group 1 showed the zoonotic potential．These findings extend the distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes and provide baseline data for controlling E. bieneusi infection.Onboard aircraft medical emergencies are on the rise as commercial air traffic is increasing. However, thoracic injury secondary to air travel is extremely rare and, most reported injuries are cases of pneumothoraces. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium have been barely reported in the medical literature as a complication of air travel. We are reporting a case of spontaneous pneumopericardium and pneumomediastinum in a patient with Gardner's Syndrome after a flight from Central America to New York City. The patient presented with chest discomfort. He was managed conservatively with oxygen therapy as he was hemodynamically stable throughout his stay in the hospital. A thorough work up in hospital including and esophagogram and a CT scan of the chest were none revealing of the cause. However, the patient was noted to have metastatic rectal cancer with lung involvement. The patient was discharged with instructions to avoid air travel.Differentiating multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) from lung metastasis is important, and the pathology and gene mutations may be different between the tumors. A lung biopsy to differentiate lesions should be considered, especially when the response of different tumors to treatment is distinct.
Chickenpox is a common viral infection caused by Varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Pneumonia is an infrequent complication of chickenpox infection. Rarely, multiple calcified pulmonary nodules can be the sequela of healed VZV pneumonia.

A middle-aged female individual was found to have diffuse incidental pulmonary micronodules. By further history inquiry and diagnosis of exclusion, her pulmonary micronodules were determined to be likely associated with prior VZV infection.

VZV infection can cause calcified pulmonary nodules related to granuloma, and gold standard diagnosis is surgical lung biopsy with VZV PCR. However, diagnosis of exclusion is a reasonable approach to reach a presumptive diagnosis. Familiarity with this entity can potentially avoid invasive procedures in selected patients.
VZV infection can cause calcified pulmonary nodules related to granuloma, and gold standard diagnosis is surgical lung biopsy with VZV PCR. However, diagnosis of exclusion is a reasonable approach to reach a presumptive diagnosis. Familiarity with this entity can potentially avoid invasive procedures in selected patients.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a medical emergency caused by persistent and recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage [1]. It is an uncommon presentation of polymyositis. Symptoms of polymyositis include fatigue, muscle pains, proximal muscle weakness, and joint pains [2].

A 44-year-old male presented with new onset shortness of breath and productive cough with white sputum and occasional hemoptysis. The patient was diagnosed with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) via bronchoscopy and discharged initially on prednisone. The patient's laboratory work indicated positive titers of ANA & anti-Jo-1 antibody with low complement levels. These results pointed towards the diagnosis of polymyositis [3]. DAH can also be caused by systemic lupus erythematosus, Goodpasture's syndrome, Sjogren syndrome, anticoagulant therapy, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome [4]. However, the possibility of these potential causes was excluded.

This case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was most likely due to polymyositis.
This case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was most likely due to polymyositis.Nowadays we have novel therapies for advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy has been introduced in the market for several years and until now its administration is mostly based on the programmed death-ligand 1. First line treatment with immunotherapy can be administered alone if programmed death-ligand 1 expression is ≥ 50%. All therapies for advanced stage disease have advantages and disadvantages, immunotherapy until now has presented mild adverse effects when compared to chemotherapy. However; it is known to induce inflammatory response to different tissues within the body. In our case acute pneumothorax was induced after immunotherapy administration.We present a case where we evaluated the effectiveness of nebulized fentanyl in the treatment of refractive dyspnea in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with major complications and comorbidities. Nebulized fentanyl was used to successfully decrease the subjective symptoms of refractory dyspnea in this given patient. Nebulized fentanyl appears to be a cost-effective treatment option in patients that experience episodes of severe shortness of breath (SOB).
To evaluate the cumulative estimates of reliability and conduct reliability generalization meta-analysis of Cronbach's alpha for the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) questionnaire.

Systematic search of four databases from inception to November 30th, 2019 was performed. Studies that reported Cronbach alpha for the C-OIDP were included. Cronbach's alpha for each publication was used for the meta-analysis. I
and Q statistics were calculated to assess heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to derive a pooled estimate of Cronbach's alpha.

Out of 944 publications, data extraction was done from 33 publications after exclusion. The age range among the included publication was from 6 to 19 years. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.53 to 0.9. Majority of the publications (n=21) reported alpha above the benchmark (0.7 and above). Only two publications used condition-specific C-OIDP questionnaires. Twelve publications used self-administered child-OIDP questionnaires. Most of the studies were at a low risk of bias (n=29). learn more The cumulative alpha was higher in publications with a low ROB (α=0.74) than a moderate ROB (α=0.65) The cumulative alpha was 0.73 (SE=0.02) with a high heterogeneity among the included publications (I
=99.28% and Q=2048.68; P<0.001).

Overall, the RG estimate of Cronbach's alpha for C-OIDP was above the widely accepted benchmark.
Overall, the RG estimate of Cronbach's alpha for C-OIDP was above the widely accepted benchmark.
We sought to investigate the efficacy of adoptive transfer of TILs plus anti-PD1 therapy in metastatic osteosarcoma patients.

A total of 30 patients received anti-PD1 therapy (Group 1) while 30 patients were subjected to TILs plus anti-PD1 therapy (Group 2). Progression-free survival time (PFS) and overall survival time (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Potential prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

The ORR in Group 2 is 33.3%, which is significantly higher than Group1 (6.67%). In addition, we found significantly prolonged mPFS (5.4months) and mOS (15.2months) in Group 2 compared to those in Group 1, which recorded mPFS and mOS of 3.8 and 6.6months, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicate that patients with more infusions of TIL numbers and CD8
TILs or less infusions of CD8
PD1
TILs and CD4
FoxP3
TILs show increased PFS and OS. Moreover, PD1
is another good prognostic factor that predict PFS and OS.

Overall, these findings indicated that TILs plus anti-PD1 therapy has significant clinical outcomes in metastatic osteosarcoma patients.
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