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Rotavirus as well as adenovirus infections in children through COVID-19 break out throughout Hangzhou, Tiongkok.
727, P less then 0.0001. Consistent with this, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity of LSM diagnosis of liver fibrosis in different stages was significantly higher than APRI, FIB-4 and NFS. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve of LSM was 0.862 and 0.928 for significant liver fibrosis (f ≥ 2), and advanced liver fibrosis (f ≥ 3). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html Conclusion LSM has a good diagnostic exclusion value for NAFLD-induced fibrosis, and its sensitivity and specificity are better than APRI, FIB-4 and NFS.Objective To study the bacterial pathogen, the optimal plan of antibacterial drugs and the prognostic factors in patients with liver cirrhosis combined with bacterial pneumonia. Methods Data of 324 cases with liver cirrhosis from the Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were collected, including 217 cases of bacterial pneumonia. Baseline characteristics of the patients, factors affecting the efficacy of antibacterial treatment and prognosis were compared and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen and predict the antibacterial efficacy indicators and a prediction model was established. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the value of the established model and Child-Turcortte-Pugh, model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease combined with serum sodium concentration predict the therapeutic efficacy. Results Chronic HBV and HCV infections were the main causes of cirrhosis, f, model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease combined with serum sodium. The specificity and sensitivity of the PAA was confirmed to be 94.12% and 93.62%, which was significantly higher than other models. Conclusion The main common pathogenic bacterium of cirrhosis combined with bacterial pneumonia is Klebsiella pneumonia (G-bacilli). In addition, gram positive cocci (Staphylococcus aureus) and other are also visible. The elderly, diabetics and patients using hormones are prone to secondary fungal infections. Age, procalcitonin and serum albumin can accurately predict the antibacterial effect, guide clinical treatment and judge the prognosis of the established PAA model.Artificial liver support system is an important method of treating liver failure, but after artificial liver treatment, secondary infections are usually amalgamated. Additionally, infection is a risk factor that aggravates liver failure, leading to an increased mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, how to prevent and treat occurrence of infection in patients with liver failure is a key factor to improve the efficacy of artificial liver treatment.Patients with severe liver disease are prone to bacterial and fungal infections, and then develop toxic shock. The onset of the disease may be insidious, but the disease progresses rapidly with a high fatality rate. Current research results show that special conditions such as translocation of intestinal flora and immune paralysis in patients with severe liver disease are susceptible factors for infection and toxic shock. Furthermore, it is currently recognized that the treatment of severe liver disease complicated with toxic shock must be treated with antibiotics and maintenance of hemodynamic stability. Other treatments, such as hydrocortisone and strict glycemic control, are quite controversial and may not necessarily reduce mortality. Herein, we summarize the epidemiology, susceptibility factors; diagnosis and management strategies of severe liver disease complicated with toxic shock, highlighting the characteristics of toxic shock under the background of severe liver disease, so as to detect, prevent and treat septic shock in patients with severe liver disease as early as possible to reduce the fatality rate.Fungal infection complicated in patients with severe liver disease is not only an important predisposing factor bringing liver failure in patients, but also one of the important causes for the aggravation of the disease and even death. However, its clinical manifestations are not specific, and thereby easily leading to be undiagnosed. Therefore, early screening, and standardized treatment are very important to improve the prognosis.Patients with end-stage liver disease are more likely to be infected due to the changes in the liver's internal environment, low immune defense capabilities and reduced gut barrier function. Common infections include pneumonia, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, biliary and urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and spontaneous bacteremia, which in severe cases can lead to sepsis and septic shock. Importantly, infections can aggravate and progress to the liver and damage correlated organs, and thus can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis, as well as the use of effective antibacterial agents, and supportive treatment are keys to saving patients' lives.Objective To investigate whether laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPR) is an independent risk factor for vocal fold polyps and to analyze the potential mechanism. Methods Case control survey was designed. Subjects who came to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2018 to December 2019, including 152 cases with vocal fold polyps and 176 cases with normal vocal folds, were selected. All the subjects filled in a questionnaire and were assessed by the reflux symptom index (RSI) and the reflux finding score (RFS) scale. RSI>13 and(or) RFS>7 were classified as LPR. Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results The incidence of LPR and throat clearing in vocal fold polyps group (47.37%, 73.68%) was significantly higher than that in control group (27.27%, 59.09%), with statistically significant difference (P less then 0.001, P=0.005, respectively). The incidence of troublesome cough, indigestion or stomach acid coming up was no difference between the two groups(P=0.672, P=0.099). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that LPR (OR=1.815, 95%CI1.061-3.103), occupational exposure(OR=2.655, 95%CI1.397-5.042), spicy food(OR=1.958, 95%CI1.142-3.355) were risk factors for vocal fold polyps. Conclusion LPR, occupational exposure, spicy food are independent risk factors for vocal fold polyps. Frequent throat clearing caused by LPR may be the main cause of vocal ford polyps. In order to prevent vocal fold polyps, we need to take action to treat laryngopharyngeal reflux disease actively.Objective To evaluate the mental state and quality of life in patients with vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) before and after treatment, and to provide guidance for improving the overall health of VMR patients. Methods Two hundred and twenty VMR patients (VMR group, 118 males, 102 females; aged from 18 to 72 years old), three hundred and twenty allergic rhinitis (AR) patients (AR group, 178 males, 142 females; aged from 18 to 79 years old) from January 2016 to September 2019 were selected in the otolaryngology clinic of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, four hundred and twenty-three healthy people (control group, 243 males, 180 females; aged from 19 to 70 years old) were selected in physical examination center at the same time by continuous enrollment method, symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the mental state of VMR patients before and after treatment, and 12-item short form health survey version 2.0 (SF-12v2) wasR patients generally suffer from psychological damage, which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients. On the basis of routine treatment, we should attach more importance to the negative psychology of VMR patients and intervene when necessary.Objective In combination with 3D printing technology and degradable composite materials, to discuss the preparation method of tissue engineering ossicles for middle ear hearing reconstruction. Methods Domestic polymer (polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, PLGA) and degradable ceramic material (β-tricalcium phosphate, β-TCP) were selected and prepared by low temperature deposition method according to the design ratio to Program according to the outline design code of the required scaffold to generate appropriate print files, and then the self-developed low-temperature deposition printing device was used to prepare tissue-engineered osseous scaffolds in accordance with the print files in a low-temperature environment. The scaffolds was freeze-dried and sterilized for later use after printing. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the apparent characteristics and internal structure of the scaffolds and to check its pore size, porosity and mechanical properties. Results After clusions Using the low-temperature deposition printing method and strictly controlled processes and conditions, a polymer-degradable ceramic ossicle tissue engineering scaffold can be prepared for implantation experiments. The scaffold has suitable porosity and mechanical properties, and can be loaded with osteoinductive factors.Objective To study the relationship between adenoid hypertrophy, tonsillar hypertrophy and overweight or even obesity in children. Methods A total of 799 children aged 2 to 12 years with tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy from January 2015 to December 2019 in the Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were selected. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to the height and weight measured routinely at the time of admission. The difference of BMI between children and normal children of the same age, and the correlation between adenoid, tonsil hypertrophy and obesity were compared. Chi-square test was used to compare the surgical children's BMI of different genders with normal children of the same age, and Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy. Results The Spearman correlation coefficient between tonsil hypertrophy and BMI was 0.078, P=0.077, the Spearman correlation coefficient between adenoid hypertrophy and BMI was -0.058(P=0.100). χ(2) test showed that the proportion of overweight and obesity in school-age children (7~12 years old) was significantly higher than that in preschool children (2~6 years old), and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)(male)=22.386, P(male) less then 0.001, χ(2)(female)=4.478, P(female) less then 0.001). Conclusion There is no obvious correlation between adenoid hypertrophy, tonsil hypertrophy and overweight or obesity in children, but the probability of children overweight or obesity increases with age, and the proportion of obesity in children aged 7-12 years is higher.Objective To explore the possible pathogenesis of central paroxysmal positional vertigo (CPPV) by analyzing its clinical manifestations and characteristics. Methods The clinical data of 3 patients with CPPV, including 1 male and 2 females, aged 36, 14 and 70 years old respectively, were collected from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2014 to June 2018. The clinical symptoms, nystagmus, other central ocular motor abnormalities, MRI, PET-CT, and laboratory findings were analyzed retrospectively. Results All patients showed transient vertigo and nystagmus induced by head changes relative to gravity, but the characteristics of nystagmus did not conform to the typical characteristics of nystagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. None of patients response to repositioning maneuvers, and all patients presented with the signs of abnormal visual oculomotor system or other symptoms of central system. MRI, PET-CT and blood biochemical tests confirmed that the causes of CPPV in the patients were chronic hemorrhage, inflammation and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.
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