Notes

24-Months Cluster-Randomized Involvement Test of your Targeted Tumble Elimination Enter in an initial Care Placing.
r 72 comparisons and numerous outcomes, the results often coming from single studies and of small dimensions, and for 61% with a very low certainty of evidence, are difficult to summarize and the final result is to increase the uncertainty rather than providing useful information to the clinic and research. From all the work carried out it seems to us that the pandemic has highlighted the many shadows of scientific literature as tool to improve knowledge.
The 101 studies included consider 72 comparisons and numerous outcomes, the results often coming from single studies and of small dimensions, and for 61% with a very low certainty of evidence, are difficult to summarize and the final result is to increase the uncertainty rather than providing useful information to the clinic and research. From all the work carried out it seems to us that the pandemic has highlighted the many shadows of scientific literature as tool to improve knowledge.Observational studies of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in people with recent covid-19, including young asymptomatic athletes, have documented variable amounts of myocardial findings deemed suggestive of myocarditis. Despite a critical appraisal of the current literature points toward an insufficient evidence base about the existence of a peculiar association between covid-19 and myocarditis, the concern for unrecognized myocarditis and its potential consequences has led several sports medicine organizations to recommend a variety of cardiac tests to enable return to play in athletes with previous covid-19. We argue that some of these recommendations may lead to unnecessary tests or treatments, especially for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive people and for those with previous mild disease, and that sports participation may even be discouraged. As a response to current uncertainty, we advocate both for randomized studies that analyse the outcomes of different diagnostic strategies and for a prolonged follow-up of these people.The OsMed report "The use of antibiotics in Italy - 2019", produced by the Italian Medicines Agency, shows how the prescriptions of these drugs are still too high in our country, albeit with high variability between different regions. A significant degree of inappropriate use of antibiotics also emerges, especially in respiratory infections. In general, the results highlight the need to implement prevention and control actions in order to counter antibiotic resistance.General practice occupies a fundamental and irreplaceable role within the Italian National Health System. Despite this, its structural conditions are currently precarious and not up to date. In order to safeguard its existence, a radical reform is therefore necessary distancing itself from the old and obsolete Italian concept of primary care. First of all, it is now mandatory to establish a university specialization in general practice to improve the medical training of future general practitioners. At the same time, the growth of an organized clinical research system in the primary care setting must be encouraged. Together with these measures, an extensive modernization of the organizational system of general practice must be implemented with the overcoming of the current obstacles that largely limit its clinical-assistance possibilities. The creation of primary care centers and the strengthening of the telemedicine system are two essential points of this reform. selleck inhibitor We deeply trust that future generations of general practitioners will be the promoters of these necessary changes.When a pandemic occurs, scientific research moves fast in order to achieve readily results, such as effective therapies to fight the SARS-CoV-2 and vaccines. But this high-speed science, engaged by the emergency and characterized by the explosion of online publications in preprint form not subject to scrutiny by peer reviewers, carries some risks. And it represents a challenge to maintain research integrity and to comply with those globally recognized standard principles of fairness. Competition and the pressure to publish immediately - a way of encouraging rapid data sharing - can favor the dissemination of incomplete if not erroneous results obtained from partial studies, which feed false news, such as the benefits of a drug, and illusory hopes. It is commonly through press releases that "speed science" disseminates information to an audience that wants to be informed and reassured. Financial and political interests often mix with the urgency to find solutions. Covid-19 has highlighted in particular the risk of a politicization of science at the expense of transparency.Patient groups are non-profit organizations that focus on the needs of people affected by a specific disease. Over the years, patient groups have assumed an increas-ingly decisive role in the healthcare decision-making process, and may influence the governments’ decisions on key cru-cial health matters. Financial support for patient groups can come from different sources, including the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. Although patient groups may certainly benefit from drug companies economic support, in this commentary we address concerns regarding the pres-ence of potential conflict of interests (COIs), which may affect the independence, objectivity, integrity and reputation of the organizations.For covid-19, a disease that has proved fatal in many cases, a specific therapy has not yet been found, but the vaccine. This has triggered a further series of issues. Who to vaccinate first, how to achieve the so-called "herd immunity", especially if it is right, as it is being done, start with the medical staff and immediately after safeguard the elderly which also involve the problem of a clear explanation and acceptance, through informed consent, which it can be particularly difficult to illustrate.Health care workers performing aerosolizing procedures on patients with transmissible infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are at high-risk for disease acquisition. Current guidelines designed to protect health care workers during aerosolizing procedures prioritize personal protective equipment and enhanced infection control techniques, in particular during procedures such as intubation. To date, little emphasis has been placed on risk mitigation in the setting of bronchoscopy, a procedure that has significant aerosolization potential. Herein, we present an innovative closed bronchoscopy system designed to reduce aerosolization during bronchoscopy.
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