Notes

Bifurcated Backbone Technique of RGB-D Most important Item Discovery.
ularity and variant allelic frequencies of 2.5%-3%. Over 99% of the target areas are shown to achieve at least 500X coverage when parsed through two bioinformatics pipelines. With over 2000 clinical specimens analysed, the success of the panel for reporting of results is 95.3% CONCLUSIONS The advanced technology enables accurate identification of clinically relevant variants with uniformity of coverage and an impressive turn-around-time. The overall workflow and cost-effectiveness provide added value.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence 2021 guidelines on chronic kidney disease (CKD) recommend the use of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE), which includes measurement of albuminuria. The equation to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has also been updated.

To investigate the impact of the use of KFRE and the updated eGFR equation on CKD diagnosis (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m
) in primary care and potential referrals to nephrology.

Primary care database (Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank [SAIL]) and prospective cohort study (UK Biobank) using data available between 2013 and 2020.

CKD diagnosis rates were assessed when using the updated eGFR equation. Among people with eGFR 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m
the following groups were identified those with annual albuminuria testing and those who met nephrology referral criteria because of a) accelerated eGFR decline or significant albuminuria; b) eGFR decline <30 mL/ min/1.73 m
only; and c) KFRE >5% only. Aninority ethnic groups) and fewer low-risk patients. Albuminuria testing needs to be expanded to enable wider KFRE implementation.
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common problem that can significantly affect women's lives. check details There is a lack of evidence on long-term outcomes after seeking treatment.

To assess continuation rates of medical treatments and rates of surgery in women 10 years after initial management for HMB in primary care.

This was a prospective observational cohort study.

Women with HMB who participated in the ECLIPSE primary care trial (ISRCTN86566246) completed questionnaires 10 years after randomisation to the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) or other usual medical treatments (oral tranexamic acid, mefenamic acid, combined oestrogen-progestogen; or progesterone alone). Outcomes were rates of surgery, medical treatments, and quality of life using the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and EuroQoL EQ-5D.

The responding cohort of 206 women was demographically and clinically representative of the original trial population. Mean age at baseline was 41.9 years (SD 4.9) and 53.7 years (SD 5.1) at follow-up. Over the 10-year follow-up, 60 of 206 (29.1%) women had surgery (hysterectomy
= 34, 16.5%; endometrial ablation
= 26, 12.6%). Between 5 and 10 years, 89 women (43.2%) ceased all medical treatments and 88 (42.7%) used LNG-IUS alone or in combination with other treatments. Fifty-six women (27.2%) were using LNG-IUS at 10 years. There were improvements over time in quality-of-life scores, with no evidence of differences in these or other outcomes between the two groups.

Medical treatments for women with HMB can be successfully initiated in primary care, with low rates of surgery and improvement in quality of life observed a decade later.
Medical treatments for women with HMB can be successfully initiated in primary care, with low rates of surgery and improvement in quality of life observed a decade later.
Randomised trials provide high-quality evidence on the effects of prescribing antibiotics for urinary tract infection (UTI) but may not reflect the effects in those who consume antibiotics. Moreover, they mostly compare different antibiotic types or regimens but rarely include a 'no antibiotic' group.

To estimate the effect of antibiotic consumption, rather than prescription, on time to recovery in females with uncomplicated UTI.

Secondary analysis of 14-day observational data from a point-of-care test trial for UTI in primary care in England, the Netherlands, Spain, and Wales, which ran from 2012 to 2014. Clinicians treated patients using their own judgement, providing immediate, delayed, or no antibiotic.

UTI-symptomatic females who either consumed or did not consume antibiotics during a 14-day follow-up were included. Antibiotic consumption was standardised across participants and grouped into either ≤3 or >3 standardised antibiotic days. To account for confounders, a robust propensity score mat
Identifying what prompts or hinders women's help-seeking behaviour is essential to ensure timely diagnosis and management of gynaecological cancers.

To understand the factors that influence the help- seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer.

Systematic review and narrative synthesis of studies from high-income settings worldwide.

Five databases were searched for studies, of any design, that presented factors related to the help-seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with a gynaecological cancer. Data from the articles were extracted and presented using narrative synthesis, which was both inductive and deductive. The COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour) model of behaviour change was used as a framework.

In total, 21 studies were included in the review. Inductive synthesis presented three main themes of factors related to the help-seeking behaviour of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer patient factors, such as knowledge of symptoms; emotional factors, incs capability, opportunity, and motivation.
Primary care-based preconception care (PCC) has the potential to improve pregnancy outcomes, but the effectiveness is unclear.

To evaluate the effectiveness of primary care-based PCC delivered to reproductive-aged females and/or males to improve health knowledge, reduce preconception risk factors, and improve pregnancy outcomes.

A systematic review of primary care-based PCC.

Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between July 1999 and May 2021. Two reviewers independently evaluated article eligibility and quality.

Twenty-eight articles reporting on 22 RCTs were included. All but one focused on females. Interventions included brief education (single session) (
= 8), intensive education (multiple sessions) (
= 9), supplementary medication (
= 7), and dietary modification (
= 4). Brief education improved health knowledge in females (
= 3) and males (
= 1), reduced alcohol/tobacco consumption e in improving health knowledge and reducing preconception risk factors in females, although there is limited evidence for males. Further research is required to determine whether primary care-based PCC can improve pregnancy outcomes.Human brains are capable of modulating innate activities to adapt to novel environments and tasks; for sensorimotor neural system this means acquisition of a rich repertoire of activity patterns that improve behavioral performance. To directly map the process of acquiring the neural repertoire during tasks onto performance improvement, we analyzed net neural populational activity during the learning of its voluntary modulation by brain-computer interface (BCI) operation in female and male humans. The recorded whole-head high-density scalp electroencephalograms (EEGs) were subjected to dimensionality reduction algorithm to capture changes in cortical activity patterns represented by the synchronization of neuronal oscillations during adaptation. Although the preserved variance of targeted features in the reduced dimensions was 20%, we found systematic interactions between the activity patterns and BCI classifiers that detected motor attempt; the neural manifold derived in the embedded space was stretched along with motor-related features of EEG by model-based fixed classifiers but not with adaptive classifiers that were constantly recalibrated to user activity. Moreover, the manifold was deformed to be orthogonal to the boundary by de novo classifiers with a fixed decision boundary based on biologically unnatural features. Collectively, the flexibility of human cortical signaling patterns (i.e., neural plasticity) is only induced by operation of a BCI whose classifier required fixed activities, and the adaptation could be induced even the requirement is not consistent with biologically natural responses. These principles of neural adaptation at a macroscopic level may underlie the ability of humans to learn wide-ranging behavioral repertoires and adapt to novel environments.Angular tuning is preferential sensory response to a directional stimulus and is observed in the whisker tactile system. In whisker hair follicles, there are at least three types of low threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) rapidly adapting (RA), slowly adapting type 1 (SA1), and slowly adapting type 2 (SA2). These LTMRs display angular tuning but their properties remain incompletely studied. Here, we used isolated rat whisker hair follicles and pressure-clamped single-fiber recordings to study angular tuning of these LTMRs. Angular tuning was determined with impulses elicited by ramp-and-hold deflection of whisker hair in 24 directions each at 15° for a total of 360°. We show that RA display impulses during ramp-up, both ramp-up and ramp-down, or ramp-down dynamic phases. Both SA1 and SA2 respond to angular stimuli with slowly adapting impulses in most angles. However, SA1 and SA2 show rapidly adapting responses in other angles. All the three types of LTMRs display strong angular tuning, and there is no significant difference in angular tuning index among them. Population wise, the majority of SA1 are tuned in the caudal direction, a large part of SA2 is tuned in the rostral direction, and RAs are tuned in multiple directions. In the angles showing strong tuning, the three LTMRs respond to increased stimulation amplitudes with increased impulse numbers in a hyperbola relationship, and the responsiveness based on impulse numbers is SA2 > SA1 > RA. Our findings provide new information on angular tuning properties of LTMRs in whisker hair follicles and help to understand directional encoding.A family, with two affected identical twins with early-onset recessive inherited retinal degeneration, was analyzed to determine the underlying genetic cause of pathology. Exome sequencing revealed a rare and previously reported causative variant (c.1923_1969delinsTCTGGG; p.Asn643Glyfs*29) in the PDE6B gene in the affected twins and their unaffected father. Further investigation, using genome sequencing, identified a novel ∼7.5-kb deletion (Chr 4670,405-677,862del) encompassing the ATP5ME gene, part of the 5' UTR of MYL5, and a 378-bp (Chr 4670,405-670,782) region from the 3' UTR of PDE6B in the affected twins and their unaffected mother. Both variants segregated with disease in the family. Analysis of the relative expression of PDE6B, in peripheral blood cells, also revealed a significantly lower level of PDE6B transcript in affected siblings compared to a normal control. PDE6B is associated with recessive rod-cone degeneration and autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Ophthalmic evaluation of these patients showed night blindness, fundus abnormalities, and peripheral vision loss, which are consistent with PDE6B-associated recessive retinal degeneration.
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