Notes

Connection among refractive blunders and also horizontal strabismus: your Korea Country wide Nutrition and health Exam Study.
Leaders may consider facilitating collaboration and creating unity between care staff, clients and family members in order to provide person-centred care. Therefore, a transformational leadership style, educational programmes and coaching for leaders are recommended.
Leaders may consider facilitating collaboration and creating unity between care staff, clients and family members in order to provide person-centred care. Therefore, a transformational leadership style, educational programmes and coaching for leaders are recommended.We analysed the reproducibility of Ki67 labelling index (LI) between two scorers using the International Ki67 Working Group (IKWG) global methods on an Android application (APP), correlated the APP and eyeball estimate (EBE) with digital image analysis (DIA) scores and determined the prognostic significance of Ki67LI. Global weighted (GW) and global unweighted (GUW) Ki67 app scores of hormone receptor-positive and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)-negative breast cancer patients were obtained. Reproducibility of Ki67LI between 2 scorers and correlation of APP and EBE scores with DIA scores were performed. The prognostic significance of APP scores and its correlation with other clinico-pathologic variables were evaluated. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) between 2 scorers showed excellent reliability with both GW and GUW methods. ICC between DIA and APP scores was significantly greater than DIA versus EBE. The three categories of APP scores based on median value and cut points of 10%, 18% and 38% were significantly associated with poor DFS. PKA activator On multivariate analysis, significant association between Ki67LI, tumour size, nodal involvement and DFS was noted. Our study shows that the visual Ki67 scoring app is effective in bringing consistency to KI67LI and APP scores showed significant correlation with DFS.The hyperaccumulator Pycnandra acuminata is a New Caledonian rainforest tree known to have the highest concentration of nickel in any living organism with 25 wt% in its latex. All trees (with diameter >10 cm) and soil profiles in a 0.25-hectare permanent plot were sampled to assess the biogeochemical compartmentalisation of nickel in a dense stand of Pycnandra acuminata trees. Nickel stable isotope analysis permitted insights into the cycling of nickel in this ecosystem. The total tree biomass of the plot was ~281 tonnes ha-1 , approximately 0.44 kg of cobalt, 49.1 kg of manganese, 257 kg of nickel and 6.76 kg of zinc. Nickel stable isotope analysis identified the biotic origin of the nickel in the soil upper layers with P. acuminata shoots enriched in lighter nickel isotopes. The δ60 Ni latex signature suggests that long-distance transport, radial xylem and phloem loading are at play in Pycnandra acuminata.
The aim of this study was to describe trends in medication prescriptions dispensed during pregnancy in Belgium using administrative healthcare database records from a representative sample of the Belgian population.

Pregnant women were identified with reimbursement codes associated with the delivery of a baby. Data were extracted for three study periods, each over 3 years 2003-2005, 2009-2011, and 2015-2017. The age-standardized prevalence of dispensed medications during pregnancy were computed and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the trends in prevalence across the study periods. The most frequently dispensed medications were listed for each study period.

The study included 23 912 pregnancies. The age-standardized prevalence of pregnant women with at least one dispensed medication increased across the three study periods from 81.8.% to 89.3%. The median number and interquartile range of the different medications dispensed during pregnancy rose from 2 (1-6) to 3 (1-7) between the first and last study periods. In the 2015-2017 period, the most frequently dispensed medications during pregnancy included progesterone (25.5%), paracetamol (17.8%), and amoxicillin (17.1%). The data also showed an increasing trend for the dispensation of ibuprofen and ketorolac during pregnancy across the three study periods.

The prevalence of prescribed medications dispensed during pregnancy increased in Belgium from 2003 to 2017 with high proportion for Progesterone and Antibiotics. Utilization of certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increased between 2003 and 2017, despite recommendations to avoid them.
The prevalence of prescribed medications dispensed during pregnancy increased in Belgium from 2003 to 2017 with high proportion for Progesterone and Antibiotics. Utilization of certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increased between 2003 and 2017, despite recommendations to avoid them.
Blue light imaging (BLI) has been shown to improve the characterization of colorectal polyps among the endoscopy experts. We aimed to determine if this technology could be taught to endoscopy trainees while maintaining high accuracy and interobserver agreement.

Twenty-one gastroenterology trainees (fellows) from two academic institutions participated in this prospective study. Each trainee completed a web-based learning comprising four modules pre-test, didactic videos explaining the BLI Adenoma Serrated International Classification (BASIC), interactive examples, and post-test assessment. The pre- and post-test modules consisted of reviewing video images of colon polyps in high definition white light imaging and BLI and then applying the BASIC classification to determine if the polyps were likely to be adenomatous. Confidence in adenoma identification (rated '1' to '5'), accuracy in polyp (adenoma vs. non-adenoma) identification, and agreement in characterization per BASIC criteria were derived.

Trainee accuracy in the adenoma diagnosis improved from 74.7% (pre-test) to 85.4% (post-test) (P<0.01). There was a trend towards higher accuracy in polyp characterization with subsequent years of training (1st year fellows 77.4%, 2nd year 88.5%, and final year 94.0%) with consistent improvements after the e-learning across years of trainees. Overall, trainees were able to identify adenoma with a high sensitivity of 86.9%, specificity 83.9%, positive predictive value of 84.4%, and negative predictive value of 86.5%. However, their interobserver agreement in adenoma diagnosis was moderate (k=0.52).

The novel BLI classification can be easily taught to gastroenterology trainees using an online module and accuracy improves with years of training reaching >90% for colorectal polyp characterization.
90% for colorectal polyp characterization.
To clarify the possible role and mechanism of Cathepsin K (CTSK) in alveolar bone regeneration mediated by jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSC).

Tooth extraction models of Ctsk knockout mice (Ctsk
) and their wildtype (WT) littermates were used to investigate the effect of CTSK on alveolar bone regeneration. The influences of deletion or inhibition of CTSK by odanacatib (ODN) on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of JBMMSC were assessed by CCK-8, Western blot and alizarin red staining. To explore the differently expressed genes, RNA from WT and Ctsk
JBMMSC was sent to RNA-seq. ECAR, glucose consumption and lactate production were measured to identify the effect of Ctsk deficiency or inhibition on glycolysis. At last, we explored whether Ctsk deficiency or inhibition promoted JBMMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation through glycolysis.

We found out that Ctsk knockout could promote alveolar bone regeneration in vivo. In vitro, we confirmed that both Ctsk knockout and inhibition by ODN could promote proliferation of JBMMSC, up-regulate expression of Runx2 and ALP, and enhance matrix mineralization. RNA-seq results showed that coding genes of key enzymes in glycolysis were significantly up-regulated in Ctsk
JBMMSC, and Ctsk deficiency or inhibition could promote glycolysis in JBMMSC. After blocking glycolysis by 3PO, the effect of Ctsk deficiency or inhibition on JBMMSC's regeneration was blocked subsequently.

Our findings revealed that Ctsk knockout or inhibition could promote alveolar bone regeneration by enhancing JBMMSC regeneration via glycolysis. link2 These results shed new lights on the regulatory mechanism of CTSK on bone regeneration.
Our findings revealed that Ctsk knockout or inhibition could promote alveolar bone regeneration by enhancing JBMMSC regeneration via glycolysis. These results shed new lights on the regulatory mechanism of CTSK on bone regeneration.Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder in adults and a major cause of stroke. Unfortunately, current treatments for AF are suboptimal as they are not targeting the molecular mechanisms underlying AF. In this regard, gene therapy is emerging as a promising approach for mechanism-based treatment of AF. In this review, we summarize recent advances and challenges in gene therapy for this important cardiovascular disease.Kidney transplant recipients are often treated with a large volume of infusion to attain adequate graft perfusion in the early perioperative period. However, it remains unknown whether this fluid therapy is renal responsive or a contributing factor to fluid overload complications. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of all recipients who received deceased donor kidney transplantation at an academic teaching hospital from January 2015 to April 2019. Our exposure of interest was early perioperative fluid balance. The primary outcome was graft function at 1, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. The secondary outcome was cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal complications. Fluid balance was not significantly correlated with graft function in short- or long-term periods. Postoperative complications were higher in recipients with increased fluid balance. Delayed graft function was significantly related to cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal complications. Cardiovascular disease and high BMI of recipients were strong risk factors for cardiopulmonary complications. Fluid overload was prevalent in the early perioperative period of kidney transplantation. It did not promote renal recovery, but was associated with a high risk of complications. Our findings might be a useful indicator to optimize the perioperative fluid management of kidney transplant recipients.
This study aimed to investigate effects of workplace bullying on different post-traumatic stress symptoms and coping among hospital nurses.

Workplace bullying is a traumatic event that negatively affects the quality of patient care and nurses' mental health.

This cross-sectional, correlational study used an online survey among hospital nurses. Ordinary least square and quantile regression analyses were conducted using Stata version 16.

The study included 233 registered nurses from South Korea who had provided direct care to patients in a hospital for at least 6months. link3 Overall, 28% self-identified as victims or witnesses and 37% as victims and witnesses simultaneously. 'Victim' and 'passive coping' were significantly associated with the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles groups of post-traumatic stress symptoms, while 'witness' was significant in the 95th percentile group.

Our study findings explore nurses' workplace bullying, detect high-risk subgroups and suggest the development of coping interventions for reducing workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms.
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