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Furthermore, VH-HA-CS/β-GP@TCP showed effective antibacterial properties in vitro and in vivo. The VH-HA-CS/β-GP drug-release system can be conveniently prepared during surgery for intelligently preventing SSIs in bone tissue.Plasmonic sensors are ideally suited for the design of small, integrated, and portable devices that can be employed in situ for the detection of analytes relevant to environmental sciences, clinical diagnostics, infectious diseases, food, and industrial applications. To successfully deploy plasmonic sensors, scaled-down analytical devices based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) must integrate optics, plasmonic materials, surface chemistry, fluidics, detectors and data processing in a functional instrument with a small footprint. The field has significantly progressed from the implementation of the various components in specifically designed prism-based instruments to the use of nanomaterials, optical fibers and smartphones to yield increasingly portable devices, which have been shown for a number of applications in the laboratory and deployed on site for environmental, biomedical/clinical, and food applications. A roadmap to deploy plasmonic sensors is provided by reviewing the current successes and by laying out the directions the field is currently taking to increase the use of field-deployed plasmonic sensors at the point-of-care, in the environment and in industries.Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can regulate a variety of physiological functions, and the development of sensitive H2S detection methods is a requirement. In this study, a homogeneous photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for H2S detection was constructed based on the energy level matching of iron(iii) phthalocyanine-4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulfonic acid ([Fe(iii)PcS4]+) and n-GaN. The photocurrent of n-GaN could be suppressed by monomeric [Fe(iii)PcS4]+ since the photogenerated electrons in the conduction band (CB) of n-GaN could be injected into the LUMO of [Fe(iii)PcS4]+. Under weak alkaline conditions, monomeric [Fe(iii)PcS4]+ can be converted to [Fe(i)PcS4]- after reacting with H2S with high selectivity. The LUMO of [Fe(i)PcS4]- was higher than the CB of n-GaN, so the photogenerated electrons in the LUMO of [Fe(i)PcS4]- could be injected back into the CB of n-GaN. Vitamin A acid The electron-hole pair recombination could be hindered, which resulted in the recovery of the system photocurrent. In the H2S concentration range of 10.0 nM-50.0 μM, a linear relationship was obtained between the photocurrent and the logarithm of H2S concentration with a detection limit of 3.40 nM. The proposed method avoids tedious electrode modifying procedures required in conventional PEC sensors and it was applied to detect extracellular H2S in rat brains coupled with microdialysis.In order to promote the commercial application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, it is of great importance to develop Pt-based electrocatalysts with high activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, urchin-like mesoporous TiO2 hollow spheres (UMTHS) with a high specific surface area (167.1 m2 g-1) and improved conductivity were designed and applied as supports to disperse Pt nanoparticles (NPs) for the first time. Uniform Pt NPs (∼3.2 nm) on the surface of nanothorns were obtained after heat treatment. The as-prepared product (Pt/UMTHS) exhibited a more positive half-wave potential (Eh) than that of the reference sample Pt@C without UMTHS (0.867 V vs. 0.829 V). The improved performance can be ascribed to the high specific surface area of UMTHS. The Pt/UMTHS also exhibited a much better ORR stability than the commercial Pt/C after long-term cycling at 0.6-1.0 V according to the comparison of Eh, mass activity and electrochemical surface area with Pt/C. The enhanced stability of Pt/UMTHS was mainly derived from the strong metal support interaction between Pt NPs and UMTHS, together with the spatial restriction and the anti-restriction provided by UMTHS.Due to their mechanical strength, thermal stability and electrical conductivity, graphene-related materials (GRMs) have been extensively explored for various applications. Moreover, GRMs have been studied and applied as fillers in polymer composite manufacturing to enhance the polymer performance. With the foreseen growth in GRM production, occupational and consumer exposure is inevitable, thus raising concerns for potential health risks. Therefore, this study aims (1) to characterize aerosol particles released after mechanical abrasion on GRM-reinforced epoxy composites, (2) to quantify the amounts of protruding and free-standing GRMs in the abraded particles and (3) to assess the potential effects of the pristine GRMs as well as the abraded particles on human macrophages differentiated from the THP-1 cell line in vitro. GRMs used in this study included graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). All types of pristine GRMs tested induced a dose-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species formation, but a decrease in cell viability was only detected for large GNPs at high concentrations (20 and 40 μg mL-1). The particle modes measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) were 300-400 nm and using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) were between 2-3 μm, indicating the release of respirable particles. A significant fraction (51% to 92%) of the GRMs embedded in the epoxy composites was released in the form of free-standing or protruding GRMs in the abraded particles. The abraded particles did not induce any acute cytotoxic effects.Accumulating clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates a close relationship between diabetes mellitus and dementia. The ginsenoside compound K (CK) has been reported to ameliorate diabetes mellitus and confer protection to the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated whether CK could improve memory impairment and cognitive dysfunction in diabetic db/db mice. Firstly, we found that CK treatments significantly improved behavioral impairment and cognitive dysfunction based on Morris water maze, Y-maze, and fear conditioning tests. Besides, CK decreased the fasting glucose level, increased lipid metabolism, and ameliorated glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and dyslipidemia in diabetic db/db mice. In addition, CK treatments alleviated oxidative stress and inhibited the inflammatory response in hippocampal tissue. Further investigations showed that CK treatments inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, as evidenced by the declined expression of TXNIP, NLRP3 inflammasomes, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, and mature IL-1β in hippocampal tissues. Moreover, CK treatments alleviated ER stress via down-regulating the level of BiP, CHOP, p-PERK, p-IRE1α and ATF6 in the hippocampus of db/db mice. These results suggest that CK improves memory and cognitive dysfunction, possibly by ameliorating glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and dyslipidemia, suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response and modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and ER stress.The present work reports the effect of particle size and shape of CoFe2O4(CFO) nanoparticles on magnetic properties and their use in device applications as permanent magnets at room temperature. A set of CFO samples with different particle sizes and shapes were synthesized via the polymeric method by sintering at temperatures ranging from 300oC to 1200oC. link2 These materials were characterized structurally by x-ray diffraction, morphologically by scanning electron microscopy, and microstructurally by transmission electron microscopy. The morphology of these CFO samples shows size-dependent shapes like spherical, pyramidal, lamellar, octahedral and truncated octahedral shapes for the particle sizes ranging from 7 to 780 nm with increasing sintering temperature. The emergence of magnetic properties was investigated as a function of particle size and shape with a special emphasis on permanent magnet applications at low and room temperatures. The values of saturation and remnant magnetization were found to increase monotonously with a particle size up to 40 nm and from thereafter they were found to remain almost constant. The other magnetic parameters such as coercivity, squareness ratio, anisotropy constant and maximum energy product (BHmax) were observed to increase up to 40 nm and then decreased thereafter as a function of particle size. The underlying mechanism responsible for the observed behavior of the magnetic parameters as a function of particle size was discussed in the light of coherent rotation, domain wall motion and shape induced demagnetization effects. The significant values ofBHmax- the figure of merit of permanent magnets - observed for single domain particles (particularly, 14 nm and 21 nm) were found to have suitability in permanent magnetic technology. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.The purpose of this study is to purify the LpxA protein of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and prepare the polyclonal antibody against LpxA protein, so as to lay a foundation for studying the function of LpxA protein. The LpxA gene was amplified by PCR. The expression plasmid pET28a-LpxA was constructed by using pET28a as the vector. The fusion protein containing 6 histidine tag was induced by IPTG and purified by Ni2+ chromatography gel. The purified His-LpxA protein was used as an immunogen to immunize New Zealand rabbits subcutaneously through the back to prepare polyclonal antibody. Immunoblotting was used to detect the reaction between the antibody and His-LpxA. The determination of polyclonal antibody titer was detected by ELISA. The relative molecular weight of His-LpxA was 32.8 kDa, and it could be expressed in Escherichia coli. The purity of the purified protein was about 95%. After immunizing New Zealand rabbits, the antiserum was able to recognize the recombinant His-LpxA protein with a titer greater than 110240. In this study, LpxA protein was successfully purified and antiserum was prepared, which provided an experimental basis for studying the function of LpxA protein.This study compared the capacity of propolis extract (PE) and thyme waste extract (TWE) to prevent the oxidation of oil in water (O/W) emulsion, as well as their impact on emulsion apparent viscosity (AV) in the presence of wheat germ and almond oils as lipid phase. For this, central composite design (CCD) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. Oxidation process was monitored by evaluating the formation of primary and secondary lipid oxidation products, at the same time the AV behavior was determined evaluating consistency index and flow behavior index. The results revealed that the increase of PE% and TWE% decreases TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) and hydroperoxides formation. Viscosity increases with the rise of TWE% over (0.04%), whereas lower concentrations of PE% decreases it. Those results have been confirmed in the PCA analysis. TWE showed higher resistance to oxidation, although PE was more effective as antioxidant than TWE.Genome wide association study (GWAS) is becoming fundamental in the arduous task of deciphering the etiology of complex diseases. The majority of the statistical models used to address the genes-disease association consider a single response variable. However, it is common for certain diseases to have correlated phenotypes such as in cardiovascular diseases. Usually, GWAS typically sample unrelated individuals from a population and the shared familial risk factors are not investigated. In this paper, we propose to apply a bivariate model using family data that associates two phenotypes with a genetic region. Using generalized estimation equations (GEE), we model two phenotypes, either discrete, continuous or a mixture of them, as a function of genetic variables and other important covariates. We incorporate the kinship relationships into the working matrix extended to a bivariate analysis. The estimation method and the joint gene-set effect in both phenotypes are developed in this work. link3 We also evaluate the proposed methodology with a simulation study and an application to real data.
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