Notes

Biochemical resolving power of fluorescence life time image resolution: untangling the jobs in the musical instrument reaction function as well as photon-statistics.
y in infection in the prediction of subsequent disease severity.
Scapular kinesia is an important component of glenohumeral rhythm and shoulder stability. No studies have evaluated scapular dyskinesis and its relationship to shoulder proprioception in patients who have undergone arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR).

To investigate scapular dyskinesis, proprioception, and functional level after ABR.

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

This study included 13 male patients who underwent ABR (ABR group; mean age, 30 years; range, 24-36 years) and 13 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals (control group). The age, height, weight, and dominant side of all participants were collected. Scapular dyskinesis was evaluated using the lateral scapular slide test and the scapular dyskinesis test; proprioception was measured by the active angle reproduction test using a smartphone goniometer application, and functional level was assessed using the upper-quarter Y-balance test for dynamic stability as well as the Rowe score and Walch-Duplay score for quality of life and return to acprioception should be evaluated after ABR. Treatment approaches to improve scapular control and proprioceptive sense should be included in the rehabilitation program for patients after ABR.
Weight lifting after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) can place significant stresses on implants that could lead to instability, loosening, and increased wear. A TSA system with nonspherical humeral head resurfacing and inlay glenoid-which improves the biomechanics and thus reduces instability, wear, and potential loosening-may be able to tolerate repetitive loads from weight lifting.

To determine clinical and radiographic outcomes after TSA in weight lifters.

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

We prospectively enrolled 16 weight lifters (mean ± SD age, 57.2 ± 7.8 years; 15 male) undergoing primary anatomic TSA (n = 17 shoulders, 1 staged bilateral) with nonspherical humeral head resurfacing and inlay glenoid replacement for glenohumeral osteoarthritis between February 2015 and February 2019. Exclusion criteria were rotator cuff deficiency, revision TSA, post-traumatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. Outcome measures included the rate of return to weight lifting, results of patient-reported ouAND Health Survey physical component score but not mental component score. No signs of radiographic loosening were detected in follow-up images, nor were there any postoperative instability episodes or revision surgeries.

There were substantial improvements in shoulder function and a high rate of return to weight lifting after TSA with a nonspherical humeral head resurfacing and inlay glenoid component. Radiographically, the humeral head centralized on the glenoid after surgery, and there was no evidence of component loosening at a mean 38-month follow-up.
There were substantial improvements in shoulder function and a high rate of return to weight lifting after TSA with a nonspherical humeral head resurfacing and inlay glenoid component. Radiographically, the humeral head centralized on the glenoid after surgery, and there was no evidence of component loosening at a mean 38-month follow-up.
Previous studies have attempted to determine whether certain risk factors can predict the occurrence of inversion ankle sprains in male collegiate soccer players. find more However, no consensus has been reached on the predictive risk factors of inversion ankle sprain in this population.

To identify risk factors for inversion ankle sprains among male collegiate soccer players.

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Included were 145 male collegiate soccer players in Japan who were assessed during a preseason medical checkup for potential risk factors of inversion ankle sprain. The preseason assessment included anthropometric measurements, joint laxity and flexibility, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and balance ability, with a total of 33 variables. The participants were monitored during the 2019 season for inversion ankle sprains as diagnosed by physicians.

A total of 31 inversion ankle sprains in 31 players (21.4%) occurred during the season. Only the measured isometric hip abductor strength was significantly lower in injured players as compared with uninjured players. Logistic regression analysis revealed measured hip abductor muscle strength deficit as a significant risk factor for inversion ankle sprain (odds ratio, 0.978 [95% CI, 0.976-0.999];
= .05).

Hip abductor strength deficit was a risk factor for inversion ankle sprain in the study population. This finding could be useful for the prevention of inversion ankle sprains in male collegiate soccer players.
Hip abductor strength deficit was a risk factor for inversion ankle sprain in the study population. This finding could be useful for the prevention of inversion ankle sprains in male collegiate soccer players.
Previous research investigating rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy has usually focused on pathoanatomy. The pathologic response to anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) has not yet been investigated.

To explore changes in APAs as detected by pre-emptive activation of shoulder muscles during ball catching. It was hypothesized that anticipatory muscle activation (AMA) would be present in the unaffected shoulder but delayed or absent in the affected shoulder in patients with RC tendinopathy.

Controlled laboratory study.

This study included 21 RC tendinopathy patients with a mean age of 49.5 years. Patients were required to grab a ball embedded with an electromyography sensor when it dropped on their hand, and surface electromyography signals were recorded from the infraspinatus, upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, and biceps. The trials utilized 2 balls, weighing 200 g and 500 g. Each ball was used in 2 trials, 1 involving a number count preceding the ball drop (predictable) and the other involving a suddeomy. Delayed AMA around the shoulder joint could provide insight into potential mechanisms related to the central nervous system.
The basis for RC tendinopathy treatment should not be limited to the tendon pathoanatomy. Delayed AMA around the shoulder joint could provide insight into potential mechanisms related to the central nervous system.
Little League shoulder (LLS) is an overuse injury characterized by throwing-related pain that commonly presents in adolescent male athletes. Investigations into the optimal duration of rest from throwing and protocols for graduated return to sports (RTS) are lacking.

To summarize the current literature with respect to the diagnosis, management, RTS, and return to throwing for LLS.

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

The databases EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed were searched between inception and April 22, 2020. References of retrieved records were reviewed for potentially eligible studies. English-language studies that reported the diagnosis and/or management of LLS in children or adolescents were included. Studies of animals or cadavers, review articles, and non-peer reviewed records were excluded. Data were summarized narratively using descriptive statistics.

Overall, 23 studies (21 level 4 studies, 2 level 3 studies) met the criteria for a total of 266 participants with a weighted mean age of 1a period of rest, and a high proportion return to their preinjury level of sport. Further prospective studies are warranted to develop evidence-based, graduated RTS protocols and to better capture any long-term sequelae of the condition.
Focus on the importance of hip muscle strength in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) has recently increased. It is unknown whether patients with PFPS will benefit more from hip strengthening compared with traditional knee-based strengthening.

To compare the efficiency of isolated hip strengthening versus traditional knee-based strengthening for patients with PFPS.

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 2.

We conducted a search for studies comparing isolated hip strengthening and knee-based strengthening by using the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Predetermined variables from each study were extracted and analyzed.

A total of 5 comparative studies were included in this review; all studies were of moderate to high quality and reflected good internal and external validity. Pain (visual analog scale [VAS]) and function (Anterior Knee Pain Scale) scores improved in both the hip and knee groups after strengthening intervention, although no statistically significant differences were seen between groups in the pooled analysis. In 2 studies, VAS pain scores were reduced earlier for patients in the hip group than for those in the knee group (
< .05). In 1 study, improvement in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function scores in the hip group was statistically superior compared with those in the knee group after intervention and at 6-month follow-up (
< .05). In 2 studies, patients in the hip group exhibited statistically greater hip abductor and extensor strength than did those in the knee group after intervention (
< .05).

The best-available evidence suggests that overall, isolated hip strengthening and knee strengthening were equivalent for treatment of PFPS.
The best-available evidence suggests that overall, isolated hip strengthening and knee strengthening were equivalent for treatment of PFPS.
Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) is a treatment option that allows for the transfer of size-matched allograft cartilage and subchondral bone into articular defects of the knee. Although long-term studies show good functional improvement with OCA, there continues to be wide variability and a lack of consensus in terms of postoperative rehabilitation protocols and return to sport.

To systematically review the literature and evaluate the reported rehabilitation protocols after OCA of the knee, including weightbearing and range of motion (ROM) restrictions as well as return-to-play criteria.

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index of Nursing Allied Health Literature, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane databases were searched according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for studies on knee OCA. Studies were included if they reported return-to-play data or postsurgical rehabilitation protocols.

A total of 62 studies met in the literature, as nearly half of the included studies reported use of concomitant procedures. However, current protocols appear to be predominantly time-based without objective criteria or functional assessment. Therefore, the authors recommend the development of objective criteria for patient rehabilitation and return-to-play protocols after OCA of the knee.
There is significant heterogeneity for postoperative rehabilitation guidelines and the return-to-play protocol after OCA of the knee in the literature, as nearly half of the included studies reported use of concomitant procedures. However, current protocols appear to be predominantly time-based without objective criteria or functional assessment. Therefore, the authors recommend the development of objective criteria for patient rehabilitation and return-to-play protocols after OCA of the knee.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sr4370.html