Notes

Tumour spot and design affect local recurrence as well as shared destruction within tenosynovial large mobile growth: a new multi-center review.
Oval-shaped canals represent a challenge in endodontics. Infected tissue may remain in their recesses. This concern may be more critical with minimally instrumentation techniques.

The present study evaluated the disinfection ability in oval-shaped canals of a noninstrumentation technique using ultrasonic agitation and intracanal heating of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) compared to rotary canal preparation and ultrasonic agitation with and without heating of NaOCl.

Sixty extracted mandibular incisors were included. The teeth had pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis and oval-shaped canals. They were divided into three groups depending on the treatment protocol (1) IHAN intracanal heating and ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl only, (2) R-IHAN Rotary preparation followed by IHAN, and (3) R-passive ultrasonic agitation (PUA) Rotary preparation and ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl.

Root canal samples were taken before (S1) and after (S2) the endodontic procedures were completed and cultured anaerobically.

Wilcoxon tests were performed to compare colony-forming units (CFUs) before and after the endodontic procedures for the three groups. The percentage of variation of CFUs was compared among the three groups using Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by Mann-Whitney U-tests.

All S1 samples were positive. All S2 samples showed bacterial growth in R-PUA compared to 17 in R-IHAN. None of the S2 samples in IHAN were positive. Bacteria reduction was significant in each group (
< 0.001). The percentage of bacteria reduction was highest for IHAN and lowest for R-PUA (
< 0.001).

Intracanal heating and ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl without instrumentation completely eliminated bacteria from infected oval-shaped canals.
Intracanal heating and ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl without instrumentation completely eliminated bacteria from infected oval-shaped canals.
Dental caries is the most common chronic dental disease in the world. It is defined as a multifactorial microbial infectious disease characterized by demineralization of the inorganic and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth. The host, flora, and the substrate should be there for the formation of dental caries. There are various microorganisms responsible for caries. find more The treatment for caries is essential to prevent teeth from involving pulp, leading to further damage. There are various methods in removing caries such as minimally invasive technique, rotary method with different types of burs, chemomechanical caries removal, and lasers. There are no data in literature for various methods of removing caries in permanent teeth.

Research question was formulated based on the PICO strategy. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted, independently by two reviewers. Based on the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria's, the selected articles were subjected to quality assessment at the studies included in this review have a high risk of quality evidence.A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Khartoum state to investigate the variation of antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum 19-kDa C-terminal region of merozoite surface protein 1 antigen and the variation of human IL4 polymorphism with parasitaemia. Measurements of natural acquisition of anti-Plasmodium falciparum MSP1-19 IgG, IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies were performed using ELISA. Molecular characterization of IL4vntr polymorphism was achieved. We were able to detect a statistically significant negative correlation between parasitaemia and different age groups (r = - 0.262 and p value = 0.043) and with anti-P.fMSP1-19 IgG1 (r = - 0.418, p value = 0.047). Anti-P.fMSP1-19 IgG showed a significant difference among age groups (p  less then  0.001). Only anti-P.fMSP1-19 IgG showed a significant association with general appearance (p value  less then  0.001). The mean for total anti-P.fMSP1-19 IgG3 was statistically significantly higher in females compared to males (p value  less then  0.001). There was no significant difference in the distribution of human IL4 vntr genotypic and allelic frequencies between cases and control group as well as among different clinical manifestation.We concluded that IgG1 levels to MSP1-19 were found to be negatively correlated with parasitaemia and anti-PfMSP1-19 IgG was significantly increased in ill and severely ill with age considered as a cofactor. Further studies are needed to ascertain the role of IgG and IgG1 in protection and to investigate the IgG and subclasses' response against other antigenic markers. These findings are valuable for advancing vaccine development by providing evidence supporting merozoite antigens as targets of protective immunity in humans.The demands of curtailing the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic have disrupted the world's ability to care for patients with thoracic pathologies. Those who undergo thoracic surgical therapeutic procedures are a high-risk category, likely to have impaired lung function but also high risk for exposing clinical teams to aerosolised viral loads. In light of this global pandemic, thorough pre-procedural planning, adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), experienced personnel and judicious anaesthetic and intra-operative measures will serve to be instrumental in ensuring positive patient outcomes whilst still protecting the safety of healthcare workers.Some of the key questions of interest during the COVID-19 pandemic (and all outbreaks) include where did the disease start, how is it spreading, who are at risk, and how to control the spread. There are a large number of complex factors driving the spread of pandemics, and, as a result, multiple modeling techniques play an increasingly important role in shaping public policy and decision-making. As different countries and regions go through phases of the pandemic, the questions and data availability also change. Especially of interest is aligning model development and data collection to support response efforts at each stage of the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented in terms of real-time collection and dissemination of a number of diverse datasets, ranging from disease outcomes, to mobility, behaviors, and socio-economic factors. The data sets have been critical from the perspective of disease modeling and analytics to support policymakers in real time. In this overview article, we survey the data landscape around COVID-19, with a focus on how such datasets have aided modeling and response through different stages so far in the pandemic.
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