Notes

Ideas as well as definitions of life along with Parkinson's illness: a free account of care providers were living activities.
g., grapes), unhealthy comfort food (e.g., chips), or no food after exposure to a laboratory stressor. Throughout, we measured participants' psychophysiological stress responses, including self-reported stress, rumination, autonomic nervous system activation (i.e., electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate variability (HRV)) and neuroendocrine responses (i.e., salivary cortisol). We compared participants' stress recovery trajectories by condition and found no significant group differences (p = 0.12 for self-reported stress; p = 0.92 for EDA; p = 0.22 for HRV, p = 1.00 for cortisol). Participants in all conditions showed decreases in self-reported stress and in cortisol post-stressor (ps less then 0.01), but rates of decline did not differ by condition (i.e., healthy or unhealthy comfort food, brief no-food waiting period). Although null, these results are important because they challenge the widely-held assumption that comfort foods help people decrease stress.Excessive infant weight gain is a strong predictor of later obesity. While controlling feeding has been linked to negative weight outcomes, research has not considered associations between infant appetite and maternal feeding simultaneously in relation to infant weight. This longitudinal study examined infant food responsiveness and slowness in eating as predictors of infant weight outcomes and tested controlling feeding styles (restrictive and pressuring) as moderators. Data came from a diverse sample of mothers and their infants participating in an ongoing longitudinal study. Mothers (n = 159) reported infant appetite and feeding styles at 2 postnatal timepoints (2-month visits and 6-month visits). The infant weight outcomes included change in weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ-change) and rapid weight gain (RIWG; WAZ-change ≥ 0.67 SD) from birth to the second postnatal visit. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple and logistic regressions, controlling for birthweight, gestational age, maternal race/ethnicity, feeding mode, and residing with an intimate partner. Over 25% of infants exhibited RIWG. Greater infant food responsiveness predicted both greater infant weight gain and RIWG status. Infant food responsiveness and slowness in eating interacted with controlling feeding styles in a unique way. Infants with higher food responsiveness whose mothers were less restrictive had greater weight gain (b = 0.61, p less then 0.001) and increased probability of RIWG (b = 2.71, p less then 0.01) than infants with more restrictive mothers. Higher slowness in eating was associated with a lower RIWG probability among infants of mothers with lower pressuring feeding (b = -1.86, p less then 0.05). For infants with a large appetite, some level of restrictive feeding may be beneficial for preventing excessive weight gain while pressuring may exacerbate the positive association between faster eating and RIWG.Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to digital food marketing. However, research on adolescents' recall, awareness, and opinions of this type of marketing is still scarce. Accordingly, the present study aimed to conduct an in-depth examination of adolescents' experiences with digital food marketing. A convenience sample of 209 adolescents was recruited at two private educational institutions and a public health facility in Montevideo, the capital city of Uruguay. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted, recorded in audio and transcribed. The transcripts were analyzed using content analysis based on a deductive-inductive approach. Results showed that participants were highly exposed to digital food marketing, as they all remembered having seen advertisements, with those of fast-food restaurants and food-ordering apps being the most frequently mentioned. According to the adolescents' accounts, images, colors, music, oversized portions, product novelty, price promotions and celebrities were the most memorable aspects of food advertisements. Participants recognized the effect of advertisements on product awareness and wanting, and, to a lesser extent, on actual purchase and consumption behavior. Factors that were thought to mediate the impact of digital marketing on food choice were also identified. In the final part of the interviews, participants proposed strategies to reduce the effect of digital marketing on their food choices, which included both regulatory approaches to reduce exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods and behavior change communication. Together, the current findings provide insights for the development of multifaceted strategies to reduce the effects of digital food marketing on the eating habits of adolescents.The scientific literature and advocacy organisations highlight three harm-related arguments as paramount reasons for the reduction and cessation of the consumption of animal-derived products (ADP) - violence toward animals, damage to the environment, and human health. However, research on their comparative effects is scarce and there is no clear definition of which type of argument is the most effective in restricting ADP consumption. Based on cognitive dissonance theory, this study aimed to investigate the effects of these types of arguments on meat-eaters' attitudes and beliefs toward the propositions of reducing and ceasing ADP consumption. The study sample comprised 545 Brazilian adults. We adopted an experimental between-subjects design based on the presentation of vignettes. Each participant responded to one of the vignettes (animal rights, environmental, or health arguments) or a control condition. Results showed that greater levels of ADP-related dissonance provoked greater positive attitudes toward the reduction and cessation of ADP consumption. Compared to baseline, the animal rights and environmental messages significantly increased dissonance and positive attitudes toward ADP restriction, but not the health argument. Participants most frequently adopted the dissonance-management strategies of denial of responsibility, denial of harm, and the articulation of beliefs favourable to change. this website The discussion highlights that the different effects of social influence contexts and argument types depend on their capacity to reveal ADP consumption as morally problematic behaviour. To our knowledge, this is the first study to experimentally compare the effects of animal rights, environmental and health-related arguments in generating ADP-related dissonance and attitude change.The Tunisian population has experienced a nutrition transition with an increase in the incidence of obesity. As obesity has been associated with a poor orosensory detection of fat. We hypothesized that poor fat detection could be a driver of poor diet quality. This study examined the association between linoleic acid (LA) detection and adherence to a healthy diet among adult participants. A total of 104 LA taster participants were recruited for this study. Dietary assessment was conducted using the 24 h dietary recall method. Diet quality was assessed by determining the Mediterranean diet (MD) score and Health diet indicator (HDI). The relationship between diet quality and log LA detection threshold was done using adjusted linear regression for age, sex, and daily energy intake (only in the fully adjusted model). The predictive margins model (interaction anthropometric status x LA threshold) was used to assess the difference between non-obese and subjects with obesity adherence to MD across LA detection values. We have observed that the increase in the concentration of linoleic acid detection by 1 log(mmol/L) is associated with an increase of HDI score by 0.12-point [95% CI 0.02-0.21] and a decrease of the MD score by -0.14-point [-0.25 to -0.03] in the partially adjusted model. However, only the MD score remained negatively associated with LA detection threshold in the fully adjusted model. The subjects with obesity adherence to the Mediterranean diet was lower than subjects with normal weight for LA concentration less than 0 log(mmol/L). The present study suggests that poor orosensory detection of dietary lipids might be a driver for worsening diet quality. Hence, These subjects might be at risk for obesity and, consequently, exposed cumulatively to the harmful effects of excess adiposity and an unhealthy diet.People eat more when they eat a meal with familiar others than they do when eating alone. However, it is unknown whether eating socially impacts intake over the longer-term. The aim of Study 1 was to examine whether socially facilitated intake is sustained across all meals and across three consecutive days. The aim of Study 2 was to examine whether increased intake during a social meal taken in the laboratory is compensated for under free-living conditions. In Study 1, adult women (n = 26) ate all their meals across three days either with a friend or alone in a counterbalanced cross-over design. In Study 2 adult women (n = 63) consumed a meal in the laboratory either alone or with two friends and then recorded everything they ate and drank for the next three days using electronic food diary software. In Study 1 intake across 3 days was significantly greater in the Social (M = 7310 kcal, SD = 1114) than in the Alone condition (M = 6770 kcal, SD = 974) (F(1,423) = 16.10, p less then .001, d = 0.51). In Study 2 participants consumed significantly more in the laboratory when eating with their friends (M = 1209 kcal, SD = 340) than when eating alone (M = 962 kcal, SD = 301) (F(1,63) = 13.28, p = .001, d = 0.77). Analysis of food diary data plus laboratory intake showed that intake remained significantly greater in the Social (M = 6396 kcal, SD = 1470) than in the Alone condition after 4 days (M = 5776 kcal, SD = 1182) (F(1,59) = 5.59, p = .021, d = 0.05). These results show that social facilitation of eating is sustained over three days and suggest that people fail to compensate for the social facilitation of eating.
There is a plethora of evidence supporting the therapeutic effects of regular exercise for individuals diagnosed with cancer, particularly during active treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic has complicated delivery of face-to-face exercise programs for individuals with cancer, particularly as this cohort is at much higher risk of morbidity and mortality. The proposed randomised controlled trial explores best practice and assesses the feasibility of exercise programs delivered via Telehealth for individuals diagnosed with cancer.

Participants (n=160) must have a current cancer diagnosis, must be undergoing active treatment, receive medical clearance, and have access to a smart device to participate in supervised exercise. Participants will be randomly assigned (two arms; 11) to supervised exercise delivered via Telehealth (Coviu) or usual care (receiving physical activity guidelines). Telehealth arm participants will receive an individualised program according to their health status, comorbidities, and exercise history, delivered weekly for eight weeks by an Accredited Exercise Physiologist in a group setting. Outcome measures will assess feasibility, psychological wellbeing, quality of life, symptom management, physical activity and fitness levels. A Telehealth arm participant sub-sample will have the opportunity to share their experience and feedback via an online interview at the intervention completion.

Outcomes from this study will create evidence to inform best practice for the safe delivery of exercise via Telehealth for individuals diagnosed with cancer. Evidence will be published in peer-reviewed journals and may be presented at national and international conferences. Ethics approval was obtained at the University of Canberra (Project ID 4604. Version 2 1st March 2022).

ANZCTR ACTRN12620001054909. Universal Trial Number U1111-1256-4083.
ANZCTR ACTRN12620001054909. Universal Trial Number U1111-1256-4083.
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