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The buccal cortex thickness of the mandible corpus and the distance of the mandibular canal to the buccal surface is different in patients with CLP compared to class III individuals' posterior to the mandible. Surgeons should take these differences into consideration during mandibular osteotomy.
The buccal cortex thickness of the mandible corpus and the distance of the mandibular canal to the buccal surface is different in patients with CLP compared to class III individuals' posterior to the mandible. Surgeons should take these differences into consideration during mandibular osteotomy.
Retropharyngeal abscesses are rarely reported in adults and occur mostly in patients with immunocompromised or as a foreign body complication. Admittedly, the treatment of retropharyngeal abscesses frequently involves surgical drainage to achieve the best results. However, when retropharyngeal abscesses occurred in a highly suspected patient with COVID-19, the managements and treatments should be caution to prevent the spread of the virus.

On February 13, a 40-year-old male with retropharyngeal abscesses turned to our department complaining dyspnea and dysphagia. Bevacizumab research buy In addition, his chest CT scan shows a suspected COVID-19 infection, thus making out Multiple Disciplinary Team determine to perform percutaneous drainage and catheterization through left anterior cervical approach under the guidance of B-ultrasound. Finally, the patient recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 27 after 14 days of isolation. There was no recurrence after half a year follow-up.

By presenting this case, we aim at raising awareness of different surgical drainage methods and summarizing our experience in the management of retropharyngeal abscesses during the outbreak of COVID-19.
By presenting this case, we aim at raising awareness of different surgical drainage methods and summarizing our experience in the management of retropharyngeal abscesses during the outbreak of COVID-19.
Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) often results from palatal shortening or insufficient levator function after cleft palate repair.

To assess the efficacy of palatal re-repair with Z-plasty in treatment of VPI for patients with isolated cleft palate (ICP).

This retrospective analysis comprised 130 consecutive patients who had ICP with VPI that required Z-plasty as secondary surgery between 2008 and 2017. Pre- and post-operative evaluation of velopharyngeal function was done perceptually and instrumentally by Nasometer.

Median patient age at Z-plasty was 6.8 years (range 3.0-20.1). Of the 130 patients, preoperatively VPI was severe in 73 (56%), mild-to-moderate in 55 (42%), and borderline in 2 (2%). Postoperatively, 105 (81%) of patients achieved adequate (normal or borderline) velopharyngeal competence and 16 (12%) required second operation for residual VPI. The success rate was 84% in nonsyndromic patients, 79% in nonsyndromic Pierre Robin sequence patients, and 58% in syndromic patients. In syndromic children, the speech outcome was significantly worse than in nonsyndromic children (P = 0.014). Complications included wound healing problems in 3 patients (2%), mild infection in 1 patient (1%), postoperative bleeding in 1 (1%), and postoperative fistula in 2 (2%).

Palatal re-repair with Z-plasty is a safe operation for VPI correction in patients with ICP with a success rate of 81%. In syndromic patients, the procedure did not seem to work as well as in nonsyndromic patients.
Palatal re-repair with Z-plasty is a safe operation for VPI correction in patients with ICP with a success rate of 81%. In syndromic patients, the procedure did not seem to work as well as in nonsyndromic patients.
In the meantime, as COVID-19 has gone pandemic, social distancing has become inevitable; therefore, most in-person visits have been canceled to minimize the spread of the disease. This will greatly impact cleft palate patients as it will limit their chance to receive timely care and have persistent follow-up, and that could in turn delay its management so significantly that it could cause much more considerable complications. To mitigate the issue, it seems necessary to start integrating modern-day technologies into the everyday practice of physicians and to benefit from the opportunities it provides. Much of medical decision making is cognitive, and telemedicine can provide easy access to specialists who are not immediately available. With wide internet access, this task is more than feasible. Telemedicine and other modern facilities are very promising platforms that could fill the gap that has been made by social distancing. We tried to address some of these issues as well as give recommendations for poss give recommendations for possible solutions to each of them.
Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is an effective orthopedic procedure to correct maxillary transversal deficiency in young patients. In cases of sutural closure, surgically assisted RME is used to reduce the resistance to sutural disjunction. Foundation of a diagnostic relationship between maturation indices and the expected skeletal response to expansion can enable clinicians to identify the need for surgically assisted RME prospectively. The primary aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the amount of achieved skeletal expansion with midpalatal suture density on computed tomography images, and the secondary aim was to assess the correlation between the amount of achieved skeletal expansion with the recently suggested midpalatal suture maturation indicators cervical vertebral maturation (CVS), midpalatal suture maturation stage (MPSM) and midpalatal suture density ratio. Forty Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data from the archived computed tomography scans of 20 patients (meaion with midpalatal suture density on computed tomography images, and the secondary aim was to assess the correlation between the amount of achieved skeletal expansion with the recently suggested midpalatal suture maturation indicators cervical vertebral maturation (CVS), midpalatal suture maturation stage (MPSM) and midpalatal suture density ratio. Forty Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data from the archived computed tomography scans of 20 patients (mean age 15.55 years) before RME (T1) and after 3-month retention period (T2) were analyzed. The tested maturity indicators did not show statistically significant correlation between the skeletal effect proportions. However, clinically and radiologically effective RME was seen in MPSMs A, B, and C and also cervical vertebra stages CVS5 and CVS6. More research is needed to determine a diagnostic predictor for the skeletal effects of maxillary expansion treatment modalities.
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